基于启动电流的电流互感器取能电源优化分析及实验验证
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摘要
为提高电流互感器(TA)取能电源在启动电流附近时的取能效率、降低死区,推导了其输出功率与滤波电容电压及匝数的关系。并以取能电源最低输出0.5 W为目标,通过软件仿真了在启动电流附近时滤波电容电压及匝数对TA输出功率的影响。得出在不考虑整流桥压降时最大功率与匝数无关。而实际上由于整流桥压降的原因,最大功率与匝数的关系曲线具有饱和特性,并由此给出了二次侧匝数的最优取值依据。通过分析TA取能电源工作点的稳定性问题,得出其稳定工作点为滤波电容电压较高的点,并分析了取能电源在启动电流附近可能出现的无法输出正常功率的现象,进而提出了对DC-DC电路进行控制的方法以保证在该电流时正常启动。最后,设计了一套完整的TA取能装置,通过实验验证了所作分析的正确性。
In order to improve the efficiency of current transformer power supply in the vicinity of starting current and to reduce the dead zone, we derived a relationship among the output power, filter capacitor voltage, and turns. Then, taking the minimum output power 0.5 W as the target, we simulated the influence of filter capacitor voltage and turns on output power in the vicinity of starting current. It is concluded that the maximum power is independent of turns when the voltage drop of rectifier is not considered. However, due to the voltage drop of real rectifier, the curve of maximum power and turns has saturation characteristic, and the turns are determined according to it. It is obtained that the stable operating point is the point of higher filter capacitor voltage by analyzing the stability of the operating point on the output power curve of current transformer. The phenomenon that the power supply may not be able to output normal power in the vicinity of starting current is analyzed, and the solution of controlling the starting of DC-DC circuit is given. A circuit is designed, and the correctness of the analysis is verified by experiments.
In order to improve the efficiency of current transformer power supply in the vicinity of starting current and to reduce the dead zone, we derived a relationship among the output power, filter capacitor voltage, and turns. Then, taking the minimum output power 0.5 W as the target, we simulated the influence of filter capacitor voltage and turns on output power in the vicinity of starting current. It is concluded that the maximum power is independent of turns when the voltage drop of rectifier is not considered. However, due to the voltage drop of real rectifier, the curve of maximum power and turns has saturation characteristic, and the turns are determined according to it. It is obtained that the stable operating point is the point of higher filter capacitor voltage by analyzing the stability of the operating point on the output power curve of current transformer. The phenomenon that the power supply may not be able to output normal power in the vicinity of starting current is analyzed, and the solution of controlling the starting of DC-DC circuit is given. A circuit is designed, and the correctness of the analysis is verified by experiments.
引文
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[15]李华阳,尚宇炜,吴成才,等.高压电缆感应式取电电源分析及设计[J].电力电子技术,2012,46(10):83-86.LI Huayang,SHANG Yuwei,WU Chengcai,et al.Research on a electromagnetic induction fed power supply from high voltage cable[J].Power Electronics,2012,46(10):83-86.
[16]骆一萍,曾翔君,雷永平,等.基于放电法的高压电场感应取能技术[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(8):113-118.LUO Yiping,ZENG Xiangjun,LEI Yongping,et al.High voltage electric-field induction energy-acquisition technology based on discharge method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(8):113-118.
[17]JILES D C,ATHERTON D L.Theory of ferromagnetic hysteresis[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,1986,61(1/2):48-60.
[2]黄天聪,黄超,杨光,等.无线Mesh网络在输电线路设备物联网中的应用[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):3018-3024.HUANG Tiancong,HUANG Chao,YANG Guang,et al.Application of wireless mesh network in internet of things for power transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):3018-3024.
[3]白玉成,吴功平,肖华,等.输电线路感应取电装置参数匹配方法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(21):75-80.BAI Yucheng,WU Gongping,XIAO Hua,et al.A Parameter matching method for power induction devices on power transmission lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(21):75-80.
[4]杜林,罗宇鹰,刘军.自供能雷电流监测系统设计[J].高电压技术,2014,40(5):1306-1311.DU Lin,LUO Yuying,LIU Jun.Design of self-powered lightning current measurement system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(5):1306-1311.
[5]张秋雁,李红斌,程含渺,等.有源电子式电流互感器在线监测技术研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):208-213.ZHANG Qiuyan,LI Hongbin,CHENG Hanmiao,et al.Research on online monitoring technology for active electronic current transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):208-213.
[6]龚贤夫,周浩,戴攀,等.一种输电线路大功率取能电源的设计[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(3):124-128,134.GONG Xianfu,ZHOU Hao,DAI Pan,et al.A design of high-power supply installed on transmission lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(3):124-128,134.
[7]李先志,杜林,陈伟根,等.输电线路状态监测系统取能电源的设计新原理[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(1):76-80.LI Xianzhi,DU Lin,CHEN Weigen,et al.A novel scheme of draw-out power supply utilized in transmission line state monitoring[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(1):76-80.
[8]林杰,刘刚,张鸣.取能电源线圈气隙宽度的影响分析[J].高压电器,2012,48(12):75-79.LIN Jie,LIU Gang,ZHANG Ming.Impact analysis for the air-gap width of draw-out power supply coil[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(12):75-79.
[9]丁志刚,胡钰林,周华良,等.一种新型变换器式取能电路[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(12):109-113.DING Zhigang,HU Yulin,ZHOU Hualiang,et al.A novel converter draw-out power circuit[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(12):109-113.
[10]肖波,徐敏捷,席朝辉,等.高压侧感应取能电源的研究[J].高压电器,2013,49(1):1-5,12.XIAO Bo,XU Minjie,XI Zhaohui,et al.Research of induction power supply at high voltage side[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013,49(1):1-5,12.
[11]戴栋,张敏,赵东生,等.输电线路在线监测装置研制及其通信组网应用[J].高电压技术,2015,41(12):3902-3908.DAI Dong,ZHANG Min,ZHAO Dongsheng,et al.On-line monitoring device for transmission lines and its communication network application[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(12):3902-3908.
[12]王黎明,李海东,陈昌龙,等.新型高压输电线路低下限死区大功率在线取能装置[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):344-352.WANG Liming,LI Haidong,CHEN Changlong,et al.A novel online energy extracting device with low lower limit deadband on transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(2):344-352.
[13]任晓东,陈树勇,姜涛.电子式电流互感器高压侧取能装置的设计[J].电网技术,2008,32(18):67-70.REN Xiaodong,CHEN Shuyong,JIANG Tao.Design of a high side energy extracting device for active electronic current transformer[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(18):67-70.
[14]郭琳云,尹项根,严新荣,等.配电网智能设备自取能电源的效率提升研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(增刊1):217-221.GUO Linyun,YI Xianggen,YAN Xinrong,et al.Research of improving power efficiency for intelligent device self-power supply utilized in power distribution network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(Supplement 1):217-221.
[15]李华阳,尚宇炜,吴成才,等.高压电缆感应式取电电源分析及设计[J].电力电子技术,2012,46(10):83-86.LI Huayang,SHANG Yuwei,WU Chengcai,et al.Research on a electromagnetic induction fed power supply from high voltage cable[J].Power Electronics,2012,46(10):83-86.
[16]骆一萍,曾翔君,雷永平,等.基于放电法的高压电场感应取能技术[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(8):113-118.LUO Yiping,ZENG Xiangjun,LEI Yongping,et al.High voltage electric-field induction energy-acquisition technology based on discharge method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(8):113-118.
[17]JILES D C,ATHERTON D L.Theory of ferromagnetic hysteresis[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,1986,61(1/2):48-60.
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