桂南地区含氟地下热水的水文地球化学特征
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摘要
为探究桂南地区含氟地下热水的水文地球化学特征,对桂南地区出露的温泉点和地热钻孔进行了两次调查和水样采集工作,分析了地下热水中各水化学指标、微量元素和氟(F-)含量,并探讨了影响高氟地下热水形成的地质环境因素。结果表明:(1)桂南地区地下热水主要有SO_4-HCO_3-Ca型、HCO_3-Ca型、Cl-Na和SO_4-Na型以及HCO_3-Na型4种水化学类型;(2)地下热水中微量元素Rb、Cs、Li、Sc、SiO_2的含量与水温具有较好的正相关关系,根据地下热水中这几种微量元素的含量可大致确定地热异常区;(3)地下热水中有利于氟富集的条件包括强烈的蒸发作用、降雨淋溶作用、高温、碱性pH值、低Ca~(2+)含量、高Na~+含量。
In order to study the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the geothermal water with fluoride in the Southern Guangxi,this paper analyzes the hydrochemical indexes,microelement and fluorine content of two batches of geothermal water samples from hot springs and geothermal boreholes,and discusses the geological factors affecting the formation of geothermal water with fluorine.The results indicate that there are 4 hydrochemical types of geothermal water in the study area,namely,SO_4-HCO_3-Ca,HCO_3-Ca,Cl-Na,SO_4-Na,HCO_3-Na.The good positive relevance is shown between the content of Rb,Cs,Li,Sc,SiO_2 and water temperature.Thus,the geothermal abnormal areas may be roughly determined according to the content of these microelements.The favorable conditions of the enrichment of fluorine include evaporation,elution of rainfall,high temperature,alkaline pH,the low level of Ca~(2+)concentrations and the high level of Na+concentrations.
In order to study the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the geothermal water with fluoride in the Southern Guangxi,this paper analyzes the hydrochemical indexes,microelement and fluorine content of two batches of geothermal water samples from hot springs and geothermal boreholes,and discusses the geological factors affecting the formation of geothermal water with fluorine.The results indicate that there are 4 hydrochemical types of geothermal water in the study area,namely,SO_4-HCO_3-Ca,HCO_3-Ca,Cl-Na,SO_4-Na,HCO_3-Na.The good positive relevance is shown between the content of Rb,Cs,Li,Sc,SiO_2 and water temperature.Thus,the geothermal abnormal areas may be roughly determined according to the content of these microelements.The favorable conditions of the enrichment of fluorine include evaporation,elution of rainfall,high temperature,alkaline pH,the low level of Ca~(2+)concentrations and the high level of Na+concentrations.
引文
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[13]曾昭华.地下水中氟形成的控制因素及其分布规律[J].吉林地质,1997,16(4):26-31.
[14]何锦,张福存,韩双宝,等.中国北方高氟地下水分布特征和成因分析[J].中国地质,2010,37(3):621-626.
[15]Rama Rao N V.Geochemical Factors Influencing the Distribution of Fluoride in Rocks,Soils and Water Sources of Nalgonda District[D].India:Osmania University,1982.
[16]Fuge R.Sources of halogens in the environment,influences on human and animal health[J].Environmental Geochemistry&Health,1988,10(2):51-61.
[17]Sreedevi P D,Ahmed S,Made B,et al.Association of hydrogeological factors in temporal variations of fluoride concentration in a crystalline aquifer in India[J].Environmental Geology,2006,50(1):1-11.
[18]Lahermo P,Sandstr9m H,Malisa E.The occurrence and geochemistry of fluorides in natural waters in Finland and East Africa with reference to their geomedical implications[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1991,41(1/2):65-79.
[2]秦兵,李俊霞.大同盆地高氟地下水水化学特征及其成因[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(2):106-111.
[3]曾昭华.地下水中氟形成的控制因素及其分布规律[J].吉林地质,1997,16(4):26-31.
[4]韩洪伟,吴国学,王永祥,等.高氟地下水在内蒙古赤峰地区的分布与形成初探[J].世界地质,2004,23(4):376-381.
[5]Farooqi A,Masuda H,Firdous N.Toxic fluoride and arsenic contaminated groundwater in the Lahore and Kasur districts,Punjab,Pakistan and possible contaminant sources[J].Environmental Pollution,2007,145(3):839.
[6]王家林.玉田县高氟水成因分析及防治[J].水科学与工程技术,2005(4):20-21.
[7]滕子静.地热水除氟处理试验[J].净水技术,2001,20(1):18-19.
[8]李亮,吴亚,王焰新,等.大同盆地地方氟病地区土壤中氟的赋存形态研究[J].安全与环境工程,2014,21(5):52-57.
[9]王尊波,沈立成,梁作兵,等.西藏搭格架地热区天然水的水化学组成与稳定碳同位素特征[J].中国岩溶,2015,34(3):201-208.
[10]生活饮用水卫生标准:GB 5749—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[11]虞岚.我国部分地下热水中氟的分布与成因探讨[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2007.
[12]孙瑞刚,李连香,程先军,等.文安县高氟地下水的分布特征及关键水化学性质分析[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2014,12(3):316-322.
[13]曾昭华.地下水中氟形成的控制因素及其分布规律[J].吉林地质,1997,16(4):26-31.
[14]何锦,张福存,韩双宝,等.中国北方高氟地下水分布特征和成因分析[J].中国地质,2010,37(3):621-626.
[15]Rama Rao N V.Geochemical Factors Influencing the Distribution of Fluoride in Rocks,Soils and Water Sources of Nalgonda District[D].India:Osmania University,1982.
[16]Fuge R.Sources of halogens in the environment,influences on human and animal health[J].Environmental Geochemistry&Health,1988,10(2):51-61.
[17]Sreedevi P D,Ahmed S,Made B,et al.Association of hydrogeological factors in temporal variations of fluoride concentration in a crystalline aquifer in India[J].Environmental Geology,2006,50(1):1-11.
[18]Lahermo P,Sandstr9m H,Malisa E.The occurrence and geochemistry of fluorides in natural waters in Finland and East Africa with reference to their geomedical implications[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1991,41(1/2):65-79.
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