主要能量饲料粉碎特性的差异性分析
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摘要
文章旨在研究粉碎机筛片孔径对玉米、小麦、大麦、高粱、小麦麸、木薯渣和甜菜渣7种主要能量饲料粉碎粒度及分布规律的影响。在实验室条件下,选用配有Φ1.5、Φ2.0 mm和Φ2.5 mm孔径筛片的万能粉碎机对7种能量饲料进行粉碎,测定和计算几何平均粒径和几何标准差,并检验粉碎样品粒度分布的正态性。结果表明:饲料粉碎样品的平均粒径受粉碎机筛片孔径显著影响(P<0.05),且随筛片孔径的增大线性增加;粉碎机筛片孔径对饲料粉碎均匀度有显著影响(P<0.05),玉米和高粱的粉碎均匀度优于其他5种能量饲料;并不是所有的粉碎样品粒度分布都服从正态分布,受饲料种类和筛片孔径两个因素共同影响。文章通过分析主要能量饲料粉碎特性的差异性,为饲料粉碎加工的精准高效提供参考。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the aperture size of the grinder screen on the particle size and distribution of 7 main energy feed, including corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, wheat bran, cassava residue and beet pulp. Under laboratory conditions, a universal grinder equipped with 1.5, 2.0 mm, and 2.5 mm aperture screen was used to grind 7 kinds of energy feed. The geometric mean diameter and geometric standard deviation were measured and calculated, and the normal distribution of particle size of ground samples was tested. The results showed that: the mean particle size of the ground feed sample was significantly affected by the size of the grinder screen(P<0.05),and the mean particle size increased linearly with the increase of the aperture size of the screen; the aperture size of the screen had a significant influence on the feed grinding uniformity(P<0.05), and the grinding uniformity of corn and sorghum was better than the other 5 kinds of energy feed; not all theparticle size distribution of the ground samples was subject to normal distribution, and the distributionlaw of particle size was influenced by two factors such as the type of feed and the aperture of thescreen. This paper provided a reference for the precision and efficiency of feed grinding by analyzing the difference of grinding characteristics among main energy feed.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the aperture size of the grinder screen on the particle size and distribution of 7 main energy feed, including corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, wheat bran, cassava residue and beet pulp. Under laboratory conditions, a universal grinder equipped with 1.5, 2.0 mm, and 2.5 mm aperture screen was used to grind 7 kinds of energy feed. The geometric mean diameter and geometric standard deviation were measured and calculated, and the normal distribution of particle size of ground samples was tested. The results showed that: the mean particle size of the ground feed sample was significantly affected by the size of the grinder screen(P<0.05),and the mean particle size increased linearly with the increase of the aperture size of the screen; the aperture size of the screen had a significant influence on the feed grinding uniformity(P<0.05), and the grinding uniformity of corn and sorghum was better than the other 5 kinds of energy feed; not all theparticle size distribution of the ground samples was subject to normal distribution, and the distributionlaw of particle size was influenced by two factors such as the type of feed and the aperture of thescreen. This paper provided a reference for the precision and efficiency of feed grinding by analyzing the difference of grinding characteristics among main energy feed.
引文
[1]王卫国.饲料粉碎粒度最新研究进展[J].粮食与饲料工业,2001(11):16-19.
[2]Flis M,Sobotka W,Purwin C.Effect of feed structure on nutrient digestibility,growth performance,and gastrointestinal tract of pigs-a review[J].Annals of Animal Science,2014,14(4):757-768.
[3]Cabrera M R,Hancock J D,Behnke K C,et al.Sorghum genotype and particle size affect growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and stomach morphology in finishing pigs[J].Kansas State University Swine Day Report of Progress,1993(10):134-139.
[4]Morel P C H,Cottam Y H.Effects of particle size of barley on intestinal morphology,growth performance and nutrient digestibility in pigs[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2007,20(11):1738-1745.
[5]王敏.粉碎机辅助吸风系统的合理配置[J].湖南饲料,2005(2):27-28.
[6]李秀刚,秦永林.饲料工厂粉碎系统设备的选择[J].饲料工业,2011,32(13):1-5.
[7]American National Standard.ANSI/ASAE S319.4:Method of Determining and Expressing Fineness of Feed Materials by Sieving[S].American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers,2008.
[8]张瑞红,刘启文.锤片式粉碎机饲料产品粒度的分布及其计算方法的研究[J].农业工程学报,1987,3(2):67-79.
[9]石湛粤,邓红成,王鸣,等.不同筛片孔径对玉米粉碎粒度和肉鸡颗粒饲料品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2017,38(17):47-52.
[10]Al-Rabadi G J.The Effect of Hammer Mill Screen Size on Processing Parameters and Starch Enrichment in Milled Barley[J].Cereal Research Communications,2013,41(3):493-499.
[11]Reece F N,Lott B D,Deaton J W.The Effects of Hammer Mill Screen Size on Ground Corn Particle Size,Pellet Durability,and Broiler Performance[J].Poultry Science,1986,65(7):1257-1261.
[12]王卫国,付旺宁,黄吉新,等.饲料粉碎粒度与能耗及蛋白质体外消化率的研究[J].饲料工业,2001,22(10):33-37.
[13]王卫国.饲料粉碎粒度研究[J].粮食与饲料工业,2000(8):22-23.
[14]Dabbour M I,Bahnasawy A,Ali S,et al.Grinding parameters and their effects on the quality of corn for feed processing[J].Food Processing&Technology,2015,6(9):1-7.
[15]Vigneault,Rothwell T M,Bourgeois G.Hammermill grinding rate and energy requirements for thin and conventional hammers[J].Canadian Biosystems Engineering,1980,34(2):203-206.
[16]孙启波,刘宁,杨玲,等.粉碎机筛孔直径对玉米和小麦粉碎粒度、生产效率和饲料性状的影响[J].粮食与饲料工业,2016,12(7):36-38.
[17]Wondra K J,Hancock J D,Behnke K C,et al.Effects of mill type and particle size uniformity on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and stomach morphology in finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1995,73(9):2564.
[2]Flis M,Sobotka W,Purwin C.Effect of feed structure on nutrient digestibility,growth performance,and gastrointestinal tract of pigs-a review[J].Annals of Animal Science,2014,14(4):757-768.
[3]Cabrera M R,Hancock J D,Behnke K C,et al.Sorghum genotype and particle size affect growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and stomach morphology in finishing pigs[J].Kansas State University Swine Day Report of Progress,1993(10):134-139.
[4]Morel P C H,Cottam Y H.Effects of particle size of barley on intestinal morphology,growth performance and nutrient digestibility in pigs[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2007,20(11):1738-1745.
[5]王敏.粉碎机辅助吸风系统的合理配置[J].湖南饲料,2005(2):27-28.
[6]李秀刚,秦永林.饲料工厂粉碎系统设备的选择[J].饲料工业,2011,32(13):1-5.
[7]American National Standard.ANSI/ASAE S319.4:Method of Determining and Expressing Fineness of Feed Materials by Sieving[S].American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers,2008.
[8]张瑞红,刘启文.锤片式粉碎机饲料产品粒度的分布及其计算方法的研究[J].农业工程学报,1987,3(2):67-79.
[9]石湛粤,邓红成,王鸣,等.不同筛片孔径对玉米粉碎粒度和肉鸡颗粒饲料品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2017,38(17):47-52.
[10]Al-Rabadi G J.The Effect of Hammer Mill Screen Size on Processing Parameters and Starch Enrichment in Milled Barley[J].Cereal Research Communications,2013,41(3):493-499.
[11]Reece F N,Lott B D,Deaton J W.The Effects of Hammer Mill Screen Size on Ground Corn Particle Size,Pellet Durability,and Broiler Performance[J].Poultry Science,1986,65(7):1257-1261.
[12]王卫国,付旺宁,黄吉新,等.饲料粉碎粒度与能耗及蛋白质体外消化率的研究[J].饲料工业,2001,22(10):33-37.
[13]王卫国.饲料粉碎粒度研究[J].粮食与饲料工业,2000(8):22-23.
[14]Dabbour M I,Bahnasawy A,Ali S,et al.Grinding parameters and their effects on the quality of corn for feed processing[J].Food Processing&Technology,2015,6(9):1-7.
[15]Vigneault,Rothwell T M,Bourgeois G.Hammermill grinding rate and energy requirements for thin and conventional hammers[J].Canadian Biosystems Engineering,1980,34(2):203-206.
[16]孙启波,刘宁,杨玲,等.粉碎机筛孔直径对玉米和小麦粉碎粒度、生产效率和饲料性状的影响[J].粮食与饲料工业,2016,12(7):36-38.
[17]Wondra K J,Hancock J D,Behnke K C,et al.Effects of mill type and particle size uniformity on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,and stomach morphology in finishing pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1995,73(9):2564.
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