四川九寨沟M_S7.0地震序列视应力时空特征
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摘要
利用中国测震台网记录到的数字地震波形资料,通过波形分析和反演,获得了2017年8月8日四川九寨沟7.0级地震序列的视应力。研究表明:(1)在震后早期阶段九寨沟地震序列视应力水平较高,主震发生后不到1天视应力开始下降,主震发生1周后基本稳定,略有起伏;(2)震源区应力状态存在时空分段差异,余震区东南段视应力下降较快,而西北段下降较缓,最大余震发生前,东南段视应力水平略高或相当于西北段,最大余震发生至震后70天,西北段视应力水平高于东南段,这可能与余震区东南段比西北段破裂充分有关;(3)最大余震发生在主震震中东南侧视应力较高的区域,高视应力余震位于主震震中两侧靠近端部,与主震双侧扩展端部应力相对集中的结果一致。
In this paper,we apply the waveform analysis and inversion to determine the apparent stresses of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou M_S7.0 earthquake sequence by using the digital seismic waveform from the China Digital Seismograph Network. The main conclusions are:(1) The apparent stress of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake sequence was at relative high level in the early stage,and began to decrease in less than a day after the main shock. The apparent stress is at a stable level after the first week since the main shock,although the apparent stress curve had a slight fluctuation.(2) The apparent stress showed temporal and spatial differences,the apparent stress level in the southeast section decreased more rapidly than the northwest section,and the mean apparent stress level in the southeast section was slightly higher than or equal to the northwest section in the early stage;while from the largest aftershock to 70 days after the main shock,the stress level in the northwest section was higher than the southeast section,which might be related to the more full rupture of the southeast section than the northwest section.(3) The largest aftershock occurred on the southeast side of the main shock,where the apparent stress was at a relative high level. The aftershocks of high apparent stress were nearly located at the both ends of the source areas,which was consistent with the relative concentration of the stress at these areas under the bilateral expansion of the main shock.
In this paper,we apply the waveform analysis and inversion to determine the apparent stresses of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou M_S7.0 earthquake sequence by using the digital seismic waveform from the China Digital Seismograph Network. The main conclusions are:(1) The apparent stress of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake sequence was at relative high level in the early stage,and began to decrease in less than a day after the main shock. The apparent stress is at a stable level after the first week since the main shock,although the apparent stress curve had a slight fluctuation.(2) The apparent stress showed temporal and spatial differences,the apparent stress level in the southeast section decreased more rapidly than the northwest section,and the mean apparent stress level in the southeast section was slightly higher than or equal to the northwest section in the early stage;while from the largest aftershock to 70 days after the main shock,the stress level in the northwest section was higher than the southeast section,which might be related to the more full rupture of the southeast section than the northwest section.(3) The largest aftershock occurred on the southeast side of the main shock,where the apparent stress was at a relative high level. The aftershocks of high apparent stress were nearly located at the both ends of the source areas,which was consistent with the relative concentration of the stress at these areas under the bilateral expansion of the main shock.
引文
陈学忠、李艳娥,2007,2006年7月4日河北文安MS5.1地震前震中周围地区小震视应力随时间的变化,中国地震,23(4),327 ~336。
陈学忠、李艳娥、郭祥云,2011,河北文安MS5.1地震前首都圈及邻区震源动力学参数时空变化特征,地震,31(4),15~25。
陈学忠、王小平、王林瑛等,2003,地震视应力用于震后趋势快速判定的可能性,国际地震动态,(7),1~4。
邓起东、陈社发、赵小麟,1994,龙门山及其邻区的构造和地震活动及动力学,地震地质,16(4),389~403。
华卫、刘杰、郑斯华等,2006,2003年云南大姚6.2、6.1级地震序列特征分析及地震触发研究,中国地震,22(1),10~23。
季灵运、刘传金、徐晶等,2017,九寨沟MS7.0地震的In SAR观测及发震构造分析,地球物理学报,60(10),4069~4082。
李艳娥、陈丽娟、王生文等,2015,山东地区地震视应力时空变化特征研究,地震,35(2),80~90。
李艳娥、陈学忠、王恒信,2012,汶川8.0级地震前四川地区地震视应力时空变化特征,地震,32(4),113~122。
刘红桂、刘杰、丁页岭等,2006,地震视应力在云南地震序列中的前兆特征,地震学报,28(5),462~471。
王林瑛、陈佩燕、陈学忠等,2005,辽宁岫岩地震序列地震运动学参数时变特征的研究,地震,25(2),1~8。
王琼、陈学忠、王林瑛,2005,岫岩地震序列视应力变化及其预测意义,地震,25(2),91~97。
吴微微、苏金蓉、魏娅玲等,2016,四川地区介质衰减、场地响应与震级测定的讨论,地震地质,38(4),1005~1018。
吴忠良,2001,由宽频带辐射能量目录和地震矩目录给出的视应力及其地震学意义,中国地震,17(1),8~15。
吴忠良、黄静、林碧苍,2002,中国西部地震视应力的空间分布,地震学报,24(3),293~301。
徐锡伟、吴熙彦、于贵华等,2017,中国大陆高震级地震危险区判定的地震地质学标志及其应用地震地质,39(2),219~275。
杨宜海、范军、花茜等,2017,近震全波形反演2017年九寨沟M7.0地震序列震源机制解,地球物理学报,60(10),4098~4104。
易桂喜、龙锋、梁明剑等,2017,2017年8月8日九寨沟M7.0地震及余震震源机制解与发震构造分析,地球物理学报,60(10),4083~4097。
易桂喜、闻学泽、辛华等,2013,龙门山断裂带南段应力状态与强震危险性研究,地球物理学报,56(4),1112~1120。
张旭、冯万鹏、许力生等,2017,2017年九寨沟MS7.0地震震源过程反演与烈度估计,地球物理学报,60(10),4105~4116。
钟羽云、张帆、张震峰等,2004,应用强震应力降和视应力进行震后趋势快速判定的可能性,防灾减灾工程学报,24(1),8~14。
周少辉、蒋海昆,2017,景谷6.6级、鲁甸6.5级地震序列应力降变化对比研究,中国地震,33(1),23~37。
朱航、闻学泽,2009,1973~1976年四川松潘强震序列的应力触发过程,地球物理学报,52(4),994~1003。
Aki K,Richards P G,1980,Quantitative seismology,theory and methods,Freeman&Company San Francisco,California.
Andrews D J,1986,Objective determination of source parameters and similarity of earthquakes ofdifferent size,In:Das S,Boatwright J,Scholz CH,Earthquake source mechanics,Washington D C:AGU,259~267.
Choy G L,Boatwright J L,1995,Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress,J Geophys Res,100(B9),18205~18228.
Convers J A,Newman A V,2011,Global evaluation of large earthquake energy from 1997 through mid-2010,J Geophys Res,116(B8),B08304.
Gutenberg B,1945,Amplitudes of surface waves and magnitudes of shallow earthquakes,Bull Seism Soc Am,35(1),3~12.
Harris R A,Simpson R W,1998,Suppression of large earthquakes by stress shadows:A comparison of Coulomb and rate-and-state failure,J Geophys Res,103(B10),24439~24452.
Mcgarr A,1999,On relating apparent stress to the stress causing earthquake fault slip,J Geophys Res,104(B2),3003~3012.
Newman A V,Okal E A,1998,Teleseismic estimates of radiated seismic energy:The E/M0 discriminant for tsunami earthquakes,JGeophys Res,1032(B11),26885~26898.
Pulido N,Irikura K,2000,Estimation of dynamic rupture parameters from the radiated seismic energy and apparent stress,Geophys Res Lett,27(23),3945~3948.
Scherbaum F,Kisslinger C,1984,Variations of apparent stresses and stress drops prior to the earthquake of 6 May 1984(mb=5.8)in the Adak Seismic Zone,Bull Seism Soc Am,74(6),2577~2592.
Snoke J A,1987,Stable determination of(Brune)stress drops,Bull Seism Soc Am,77(2),530~538.
Wen X Z,Yi G X,Xu X W,2007,Background and precursory seismicities along and surrounding the Kunlun fault before the 8.1,2001,Kokoxili earthquake,China,Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,30(1),63~72.
Wyss M,Brune J N,1968,Seismic moment,stress,and source dimensions for earthquakes in the California-Nevada region,JGeophys Res,73(14),4681~4694.
Zú1iga F R,Wyss M,Wilson M E,1987,Apparent stresses,stress drops,and amplitude ratios of earthquakes preceding and following the 1975 Hawaii MS=7.2 main shock,Bull Seism Soc Am,77(1),69~96.
(1)中国地震台网中心,2017,中国地震局震情监视报告(2017)第9期月会商意见
陈学忠、李艳娥、郭祥云,2011,河北文安MS5.1地震前首都圈及邻区震源动力学参数时空变化特征,地震,31(4),15~25。
陈学忠、王小平、王林瑛等,2003,地震视应力用于震后趋势快速判定的可能性,国际地震动态,(7),1~4。
邓起东、陈社发、赵小麟,1994,龙门山及其邻区的构造和地震活动及动力学,地震地质,16(4),389~403。
华卫、刘杰、郑斯华等,2006,2003年云南大姚6.2、6.1级地震序列特征分析及地震触发研究,中国地震,22(1),10~23。
季灵运、刘传金、徐晶等,2017,九寨沟MS7.0地震的In SAR观测及发震构造分析,地球物理学报,60(10),4069~4082。
李艳娥、陈丽娟、王生文等,2015,山东地区地震视应力时空变化特征研究,地震,35(2),80~90。
李艳娥、陈学忠、王恒信,2012,汶川8.0级地震前四川地区地震视应力时空变化特征,地震,32(4),113~122。
刘红桂、刘杰、丁页岭等,2006,地震视应力在云南地震序列中的前兆特征,地震学报,28(5),462~471。
王林瑛、陈佩燕、陈学忠等,2005,辽宁岫岩地震序列地震运动学参数时变特征的研究,地震,25(2),1~8。
王琼、陈学忠、王林瑛,2005,岫岩地震序列视应力变化及其预测意义,地震,25(2),91~97。
吴微微、苏金蓉、魏娅玲等,2016,四川地区介质衰减、场地响应与震级测定的讨论,地震地质,38(4),1005~1018。
吴忠良,2001,由宽频带辐射能量目录和地震矩目录给出的视应力及其地震学意义,中国地震,17(1),8~15。
吴忠良、黄静、林碧苍,2002,中国西部地震视应力的空间分布,地震学报,24(3),293~301。
徐锡伟、吴熙彦、于贵华等,2017,中国大陆高震级地震危险区判定的地震地质学标志及其应用地震地质,39(2),219~275。
杨宜海、范军、花茜等,2017,近震全波形反演2017年九寨沟M7.0地震序列震源机制解,地球物理学报,60(10),4098~4104。
易桂喜、龙锋、梁明剑等,2017,2017年8月8日九寨沟M7.0地震及余震震源机制解与发震构造分析,地球物理学报,60(10),4083~4097。
易桂喜、闻学泽、辛华等,2013,龙门山断裂带南段应力状态与强震危险性研究,地球物理学报,56(4),1112~1120。
张旭、冯万鹏、许力生等,2017,2017年九寨沟MS7.0地震震源过程反演与烈度估计,地球物理学报,60(10),4105~4116。
钟羽云、张帆、张震峰等,2004,应用强震应力降和视应力进行震后趋势快速判定的可能性,防灾减灾工程学报,24(1),8~14。
周少辉、蒋海昆,2017,景谷6.6级、鲁甸6.5级地震序列应力降变化对比研究,中国地震,33(1),23~37。
朱航、闻学泽,2009,1973~1976年四川松潘强震序列的应力触发过程,地球物理学报,52(4),994~1003。
Aki K,Richards P G,1980,Quantitative seismology,theory and methods,Freeman&Company San Francisco,California.
Andrews D J,1986,Objective determination of source parameters and similarity of earthquakes ofdifferent size,In:Das S,Boatwright J,Scholz CH,Earthquake source mechanics,Washington D C:AGU,259~267.
Choy G L,Boatwright J L,1995,Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress,J Geophys Res,100(B9),18205~18228.
Convers J A,Newman A V,2011,Global evaluation of large earthquake energy from 1997 through mid-2010,J Geophys Res,116(B8),B08304.
Gutenberg B,1945,Amplitudes of surface waves and magnitudes of shallow earthquakes,Bull Seism Soc Am,35(1),3~12.
Harris R A,Simpson R W,1998,Suppression of large earthquakes by stress shadows:A comparison of Coulomb and rate-and-state failure,J Geophys Res,103(B10),24439~24452.
Mcgarr A,1999,On relating apparent stress to the stress causing earthquake fault slip,J Geophys Res,104(B2),3003~3012.
Newman A V,Okal E A,1998,Teleseismic estimates of radiated seismic energy:The E/M0 discriminant for tsunami earthquakes,JGeophys Res,1032(B11),26885~26898.
Pulido N,Irikura K,2000,Estimation of dynamic rupture parameters from the radiated seismic energy and apparent stress,Geophys Res Lett,27(23),3945~3948.
Scherbaum F,Kisslinger C,1984,Variations of apparent stresses and stress drops prior to the earthquake of 6 May 1984(mb=5.8)in the Adak Seismic Zone,Bull Seism Soc Am,74(6),2577~2592.
Snoke J A,1987,Stable determination of(Brune)stress drops,Bull Seism Soc Am,77(2),530~538.
Wen X Z,Yi G X,Xu X W,2007,Background and precursory seismicities along and surrounding the Kunlun fault before the 8.1,2001,Kokoxili earthquake,China,Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,30(1),63~72.
Wyss M,Brune J N,1968,Seismic moment,stress,and source dimensions for earthquakes in the California-Nevada region,JGeophys Res,73(14),4681~4694.
Zú1iga F R,Wyss M,Wilson M E,1987,Apparent stresses,stress drops,and amplitude ratios of earthquakes preceding and following the 1975 Hawaii MS=7.2 main shock,Bull Seism Soc Am,77(1),69~96.
(1)中国地震台网中心,2017,中国地震局震情监视报告(2017)第9期月会商意见
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