泥浆悬浮砂粒能力分层测定试验研究
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摘要
为实现泥浆悬浮砂粒能力的量化分析,提出一种分层测定方法,选取12%、15%和18%3种质量分数的试验泥浆,通过自行设计的分层取样装置进行试验研究,获取不同泥浆质量分数、沉降时间和砂粒粒径条件下的10个深度分段的砂粒质量分布,分析各参数影响下的砂粒沉降变化规律。结果表明:1)该分层测定方法可较好地获取不同深度分段的砂粒质量,弥补现有测定方法只能获取底层砂粒沉降质量的不足;2)试验所采用的3种质量分数的泥浆对0.1 mm以上粒径的砂粒悬浮能力均较差。根据砂粒沉降曲线分布特征,提出一种用于判别泥浆悬浮砂粒能力的方法,即砂粒沉降曲线越平缓,各层质量差异性越小,底层质量无明显拐点,不同沉降时间曲线越紧密,则泥浆悬浮砂粒能力越强。
A slice measurement method is proposed to quantitatively analyze the sand carrying capacity of slurry. The slurries with concentrations of 12%,15% and 18% are selected to conduct the tests using self-made slice sampling device. The sand mass distributions of ten depth intervals are obtained,considering the effects of slurry concentrations,sedimentation times and sand diameters. The sand sedimentation variations affected by every parameter are analyzed. The results show that: 1) The sand mass of different depth intervals can be easily obtained by adopting the slice measurement method. The disadvantage of the existing method which can only obtain the bottom sand mass has been overcome. 2) The sand carrying capacities of those three concentrations of slurry are weak to suspend 0.1 mm sand or sand with a larger particle size. Based on the distribution characteristics of sand sedimentation curves,a method to determine the sand carrying capacity of slurry is put forward. The slurry will possess a better performance on sand carrying capacity in case the following conditions are satisfied: the sedimentation curve is more flat,the mass difference of adjacent layers is smaller,no obvious inflection point exists in the curve at the bottom,and the curves of different sedimentation times are closer.
A slice measurement method is proposed to quantitatively analyze the sand carrying capacity of slurry. The slurries with concentrations of 12%,15% and 18% are selected to conduct the tests using self-made slice sampling device. The sand mass distributions of ten depth intervals are obtained,considering the effects of slurry concentrations,sedimentation times and sand diameters. The sand sedimentation variations affected by every parameter are analyzed. The results show that: 1) The sand mass of different depth intervals can be easily obtained by adopting the slice measurement method. The disadvantage of the existing method which can only obtain the bottom sand mass has been overcome. 2) The sand carrying capacities of those three concentrations of slurry are weak to suspend 0.1 mm sand or sand with a larger particle size. Based on the distribution characteristics of sand sedimentation curves,a method to determine the sand carrying capacity of slurry is put forward. The slurry will possess a better performance on sand carrying capacity in case the following conditions are satisfied: the sedimentation curve is more flat,the mass difference of adjacent layers is smaller,no obvious inflection point exists in the curve at the bottom,and the curves of different sedimentation times are closer.
引文
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[16]黄波,李晓龙,陈长江.大直径泥水盾构复杂地层长距离掘进过程中的泥浆管路磨损研究[J].隧道建设,2016,36(4):490.HUANG Bo,LI Xiaolong,CHEN Changjiang.Study of abrasion of slurry pipe of large-diameter slurry shield boring in complex strata[J].Tunnel Construction,2016,36(4):490.
[17]MIN F L,ZHU W,HAN X R.Filter cake formation for slurry shield tunneling in highly permeable sand[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2013,38(3):423.
[18]MIN F L,ZHU W,LIN C,et al.Opening the excavation chamber of the large-diameter size slurry shield:A case study in Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel in China[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2015,46(2):18.
[19]闵凡路,徐静波,杜佳芮,等.大直径泥水盾构砾砂地层泥浆配制及成膜试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2015,52(6):141.MIN Fanlu,XU Jingbo,DU Jiarui,et al.Experimental study of the slurry preparation and filter cake formation for a large-diameter slurry shield in gravel and sand stratum[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2015,52(6):141.
[2]LEE Ik-Bum,CHOI Ki-Hoon,LEE In-Mo.Infiltration behavior and face stability of carbonate-added slurry shield tunnel[J].Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association,2013,15(4):401.
[3]王俊,何川,封坤,等.砂卵石地层中大断面泥水盾构泥膜形态研究[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(6):108.WANG Jun,HE Chuan,FENG Kun,et al.Research on the dynamic behavior of the slurry membrane of a large-section slurry shield in a sandy cobble stratum[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(6):108.
[4]齐春,何川,封坤,等.泥水平衡式盾构模拟试验系统的研制与应用[J].岩土工程学报.2016,38(11):1999.QI Chun,HE Chuan,FENG Kun,et al.Development and application of simulation test system for slurry balance shield[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(11):1999.
[5]TALMON A M,MASTBERGEN D R,HUISMAN M.Invasion of pressurized clay suspensions into granular soil[J].Journal of Porous Media,2013,16(4):351.
[6]FRITZ P.Additives for slurry shields in highly permeable ground[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2007,40(1):81.
[7]褚君达,徐惠慈.河流底泥冲刷沉降对水质影响的研究[J].水利学报,1994(11):42.CHU Junda,XU Huici.Study of the effect of scouring sediment on water quality[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1994(11):42.
[8]MILLIMAN J D,SHEN Huangting,YANG Zuosheng,et al.Transport and deposition of river sediment in the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelf[J].Continental Shelf Research,1985,4(1/2):37.
[9]时钟,朱文蔚,周洪强.长江口北槽口外细颗粒悬沙沉降速度[J].上海交通大学学报,2000,34(1):18.SHI Zhong,ZHU Wenwei,ZHOU Hongqiang.Settling velocity of fine suspended sediment in the Changjiang estuary[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2000,34(1):18.
[10]时钟.长江口北槽细颗粒悬沙絮凝体的沉降速率的近似估算[J].海洋通报,2004,23(5):51.SHI Zhong.Approximate estimations of settling velocities of fine suspended mud flocs at the north passage of the Changjiang Estuary[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2004,23(5):51.
[11]陈沈良,张国安,杨世伦,等.长江口水域悬沙质量分数时空变化与泥沙再悬浮[J].地理学报,2004,59(2):260.CHEN Shenliang,ZHANG Guoan,YANG Shilun,et al.Temporal and spatial changes of suspended sediment concentration and resuspension in the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent waters[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2004,59(2):260.
[12]袁大军,李兴高,李建华,等.北京地下直径线泥水盾构泥浆特性参数确定[J].建筑技术,2009,40(3):279.YUAN Dajun,LI Xinggao,LI Jianhua,et al.Determination of mud and water characteristic parameters of slurry shield of Beijing underground straight rail transit line[J].Architecture Technology,2009,40(3):279.
[13]蒋龙.砂卵石地层泥水盾构泥浆材料选择及配比优化分析[D].北京:北京交通大学,2014.JIANG Long.Mud materials selection in slurry shield and ratio optimization analysis used for sandy cobble ground[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2014.
[14]POSTLETHWAITE J.Effect of chromate inhibitor on the mechanical and electrochemical components of erosioncorrosion in aqueous slurries of sand[J].Corrosion,1981,37(1):1.
[15]汪海,钟小春.泥水盾构泥水分离系统除渣效率对泥浆的影响[J].隧道建设,2013,33(11):928.WANG Hai,ZHONG Xiaochun.Study of influence of muck screening efficiency on slurry property in slag slurry shield tunneling circulation system efficiency on the influence of mud[J].Tunnel Construction,2013,33(11):928.
[16]黄波,李晓龙,陈长江.大直径泥水盾构复杂地层长距离掘进过程中的泥浆管路磨损研究[J].隧道建设,2016,36(4):490.HUANG Bo,LI Xiaolong,CHEN Changjiang.Study of abrasion of slurry pipe of large-diameter slurry shield boring in complex strata[J].Tunnel Construction,2016,36(4):490.
[17]MIN F L,ZHU W,HAN X R.Filter cake formation for slurry shield tunneling in highly permeable sand[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2013,38(3):423.
[18]MIN F L,ZHU W,LIN C,et al.Opening the excavation chamber of the large-diameter size slurry shield:A case study in Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel in China[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2015,46(2):18.
[19]闵凡路,徐静波,杜佳芮,等.大直径泥水盾构砾砂地层泥浆配制及成膜试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2015,52(6):141.MIN Fanlu,XU Jingbo,DU Jiarui,et al.Experimental study of the slurry preparation and filter cake formation for a large-diameter slurry shield in gravel and sand stratum[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2015,52(6):141.
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