大型风洞设计建设中的结构力学问题
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摘要
在我国大飞机、高速飞行器等研制需求背景下,急需设计建造大型低温高雷诺数连续式跨声速风洞。风洞结构形式复杂,运行工况多变,所涉及的与结构力学相关的科学问题十分突出。本文在国家自然科学基金委员会第185期"双清论坛"研讨成果的基础上,阐述了与大型风洞结构相关的多物理场耦合作用、气动弹性实验模型结构设计、流固耦合诱发结构振动、结构优化设计方法和特种装备动力学方面的进展和成就,凝练了风洞设计建设中的结构力学关键科学问题。
Under the demand of developing large airplane and high-speed aircraft in China,it is in urgent need to design and build large-scale high Reynolds number cryogenic transonic wind tunnels.Since a wind tunnel has a very complex structure and its operating condition is changeable,the related structural mechanics problems are particularly prominent.Based on the fruit of the 185 th "Shuangqing Forum"of National Natural Science Foundation of China,some recent progresses and achievements are discussed in thispaper,including multi-physics coupling effect of large-scale wind tunnel structure,structural design of aerodynamic elasticity model,vibration induced by fluid-structure interactions,design and optimization method for wind tunnel structures,and the dynamics of special wind tunnel equipment.Furthermore,some key structural mechanics problems in design and construction of large wind tunnels are also summarized.
Under the demand of developing large airplane and high-speed aircraft in China,it is in urgent need to design and build large-scale high Reynolds number cryogenic transonic wind tunnels.Since a wind tunnel has a very complex structure and its operating condition is changeable,the related structural mechanics problems are particularly prominent.Based on the fruit of the 185 th "Shuangqing Forum"of National Natural Science Foundation of China,some recent progresses and achievements are discussed in thispaper,including multi-physics coupling effect of large-scale wind tunnel structure,structural design of aerodynamic elasticity model,vibration induced by fluid-structure interactions,design and optimization method for wind tunnel structures,and the dynamics of special wind tunnel equipment.Furthermore,some key structural mechanics problems in design and construction of large wind tunnels are also summarized.
引文
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[13]Liu L,Lv BY,Li YS.Dynamic response of acoustically excited plates resting on elastic foundations in thermal environments.Composite Structures,2016,156:35—46.
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[24]曾开春,向锦武.高超声速飞行器飞行动力学特性不确定分析.航空学报,2013,34(4):798—808.
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[26]贾振元,高翼飞,任宗金,等.六维力压电天平研制与静态性能测试研究.大连理工大学学报,2014,54(1):43—48.
[27]刘巍,尚志亮,马鑫,等.基于彩色编码的副油箱风洞模型位姿测量方法.航空学报,2015,36(5):1556—1563.
[28]刘巍,毕晓丹,贾振元,等.风洞模型主动抑振器的设计与实验.光学精密工程,2015,23(10):895—2901.
[29]刘巍,李肖,马鑫,等.采用复合式靶标的近景大视场相机标定方法.红外与激光工程,2016,45(7):3—6.
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[32]胡海岩,王在华.非线性时滞动力系统的研究进展.力学进展,1900,29(4):501—512.
[33]金肖玲,王永,黄志龙.多自由度非线性随机系统的响应与稳定性.力学进展,2013,(1):56—62.
[34]Pourtakdoust SH,Assadian N.Investigation of thrust effect on the vibrational characteristics of flexible guided missiles.Journal of sound and vibration,2004,272(1):287—299.
[35]雷鹏飞,张家忠,王琢璞,等.非定常瞬态流动过程中的Lagrangian拟序结构与物质输运作用.物理学报,2014,63(8):1—8.
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[37]秦超晋,汤海滨,訾振鹏,等.环境压力对胶体推力器喷雾过程的影响.空间控制技术与应用,2009,35(3):44—48.
[38]秦超晋,汤海滨,王海兴,等.胶质微推进液滴加速过程的数值模拟.推进技术,2009(2):251—256.
[39]徐璐,朱佳凯,谢黄骏,等.三维液氮空化的大涡模拟和机理.化工学报,2016,67(S2):70—77.
[40]张小斌,曹潇丽,邱利民,等.液氧文氏管汽蚀特性计算流体力学研究.化工学报,2009,60(7):1638—1643.
[41]伍荣林,王振羽.风洞设计原理.北京:北京航空学院出版社,1985.
[42]刘政崇,廖达雄,董谊信.高低速风洞气动与结构设计.北京:国防工业出版社,2003.
[43]Guo X,Zhang WS,Zhong WL.Doing topology optimization explicitly and geometrically:a new moving morphable components based framework.Journal of Applied Mechanics,2014,81(8):081009.
[44]Zhang WS,Yang WY,Zhou JH,Li D,Guo X.Structural topology optimization through explicit boundary evolution.Journal of Applied Mechanics,2017,84(1):011011.
[45]冷劲松,兰鑫,刘彦菊,等.形状记忆聚合物复合材料及其在空间可展开结构中的应用.宇航学报,2010,31(4):950—956.
[46]钱煜平,郑志国,孙玉莹,等.周向布局对串列转子气动性能的影响研究.风机技术,2016,(2):30—36.
[47]李启行,王维民,齐鹏逸,等.转子轴承系统稳定性分析与识别方法.机械工程学报,2014,50(7):54—59.
[48]谢志江,唐一科,李远友.转子双面现场动平衡的不卸试重平衡法.重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2002,25(9):101—103.
[49]王跃方,郭婷,孙兴华.考虑气流激振效应的离心式压缩机叶轮强度分析.风机技术,2013,(5):11—21.
[50]王跃方,刘艳,郭婷.离心式压缩机叶轮非定常流动特性及动力响应研究进展.风机技术,2016,(5):81—87.
[51]王跃方,王素景.虚拟激励法在叶轮随机振动分析中的应用.风机技术,2014,(1):13—19.
[52]林家浩,张亚辉.随机振动的虚拟激励法.北京:科学出版社,2004.
[2]Chase R,Tang M.A history of the nasp program from the formation of the joint program office to the termination of the hystp scramjet performance demonstration program.International Aerospace Planes and Hypersonics Technologies,1995:6031.
[3]Schmidt DK.Integrated control of hypersonic vehicles.AIAA,1993:2504.
[4]任泽斌,廖达雄,张国彪.2m×2m超声速风洞引射器气动设计.航空动力学报,2014,29(10):2288—2293.
[5]吕金磊,盛美萍,廖达雄,王海锋.基于实验的跨声速风洞试验段噪声机理研究.空气动力学学报,2014,32(04):488—492.
[6]廖达雄,黄知龙,陈振华,汤更生.大型低温高雷诺数风洞及其关键技术综述.实验流体力学,2014,28(02):1—6+20.
[7]虞择斌,廖达雄,刘政崇,陈振华.2m超声速风洞总体结构设计.实验流体力学,2012,26(02):90—96.
[8]廖达雄,陈吉明,彭强,柳新民.连续式跨声速风洞设计关键技术.实验流体力学,2011,25(04):74—78.
[9]潘春晖,李式模,周新辉.低温风洞的回顾与发展.环模技术,1996,01:19—25.
[10]Loving DL.Wind—tunnel—flight correlation of shock—induced separated flow.NASA TN D-3580,1966.
[11]Goodyer MJ,Kilgore RA.The high reynolds number cryogenic wind tunnel.AIAA J,1973,11(5):613—619.
[12]Green J,Quest J.A short history of the European Transonic Wind Tunnel ETW.Progress in Aerospace Sciences,2011,47(5):319—368.
[13]Liu L,Lv BY,Li YS.Dynamic response of acoustically excited plates resting on elastic foundations in thermal environments.Composite Structures,2016,156:35—46.
[14]Tracy MB,Plentovich EB.Characterization of cavity flow fields using pressure data obtained in the Langley 0.3-meter transonic cryogenic tunnel.NASA Technical Memorandum,Technical Report,1993:4346.
[15]Fehren H,Gnauert U,Wimmel R,et al.Validation testing with the active damping system in the european transonic wind tunnel.AIAA,2001:610.
[16]邓笔财,谢秀娟,杨少柒,张宇,李青.多层绝热和支撑辐射对低温传输管线的影响分析.低温工程,2015,2:51—56.
[17]Augusto PA,Castelo-Grande T,Augusto P,et al.Optimization of refrigerated shields using multilayer thermal insulation:Cryostats design-analytical solution.Cryogenics,2006,46(6):449—457.
[18]刘井龙,熊联友,候予,王瑾,吴刚,陈纯正.空气制冷机制冷系数影响因素的分析.低温工程,2000,2:30—34.
[19]侯予,熊联友,王瑾,陈纯正,汤润泉,刘国钧,吴其蒙,张凤华,徐友亮.低温透平膨胀机用全动压气体轴承的设计与试验研究.深冷技术,2002,1:6—9.
[20]姚大平,胡壮麒,李依依,师昌绪.铝—锂合金低温力学行为.材料科学与工程,1990,1:15—21.
[21]杨超,许赟,谢长川.高超声速飞行器气动弹性力学研究综述.航空学报,2010,31(1):1—11.
[22]杨超,黄超,吴志刚,等.气动伺服弹性研究的进展与挑战.航空学报,2015,36(4):1011—1033.
[23]Ericsson LE,Almroth BO,Bailie JA.Hypersonic aerothermoelastic characteristics of a finned missile.AIAA,1978:231.
[24]曾开春,向锦武.高超声速飞行器飞行动力学特性不确定分析.航空学报,2013,34(4):798—808.
[25]向锦武,曾开春,聂璐.考虑弹性影响的乘波体飞行动力学特性.北京航空航天大学学报,2012,38(10):1306—1310.
[26]贾振元,高翼飞,任宗金,等.六维力压电天平研制与静态性能测试研究.大连理工大学学报,2014,54(1):43—48.
[27]刘巍,尚志亮,马鑫,等.基于彩色编码的副油箱风洞模型位姿测量方法.航空学报,2015,36(5):1556—1563.
[28]刘巍,毕晓丹,贾振元,等.风洞模型主动抑振器的设计与实验.光学精密工程,2015,23(10):895—2901.
[29]刘巍,李肖,马鑫,等.采用复合式靶标的近景大视场相机标定方法.红外与激光工程,2016,45(7):3—6.
[30]McRuer D.Design and modeling issues for integrated airframe/propulsion control of Hypersonic Flight vehicles.1991 American Control Conference,10th,Boston,MA,Proceedings.1991,1:729—734.
[31]Schmidt DK,Mamich H,Chavez F.Dynamics and control of hypersonic vehicles-The integration challenge for the1990s.AIAA,1991:5057.
[32]胡海岩,王在华.非线性时滞动力系统的研究进展.力学进展,1900,29(4):501—512.
[33]金肖玲,王永,黄志龙.多自由度非线性随机系统的响应与稳定性.力学进展,2013,(1):56—62.
[34]Pourtakdoust SH,Assadian N.Investigation of thrust effect on the vibrational characteristics of flexible guided missiles.Journal of sound and vibration,2004,272(1):287—299.
[35]雷鹏飞,张家忠,王琢璞,等.非定常瞬态流动过程中的Lagrangian拟序结构与物质输运作用.物理学报,2014,63(8):1—8.
[36]Haller G,Yuan G.Lagrangian coherent structures and mixing in two-dimensional turbulence.Physica D:Nonlinear Phenomena,2000,147(3):352—370.
[37]秦超晋,汤海滨,訾振鹏,等.环境压力对胶体推力器喷雾过程的影响.空间控制技术与应用,2009,35(3):44—48.
[38]秦超晋,汤海滨,王海兴,等.胶质微推进液滴加速过程的数值模拟.推进技术,2009(2):251—256.
[39]徐璐,朱佳凯,谢黄骏,等.三维液氮空化的大涡模拟和机理.化工学报,2016,67(S2):70—77.
[40]张小斌,曹潇丽,邱利民,等.液氧文氏管汽蚀特性计算流体力学研究.化工学报,2009,60(7):1638—1643.
[41]伍荣林,王振羽.风洞设计原理.北京:北京航空学院出版社,1985.
[42]刘政崇,廖达雄,董谊信.高低速风洞气动与结构设计.北京:国防工业出版社,2003.
[43]Guo X,Zhang WS,Zhong WL.Doing topology optimization explicitly and geometrically:a new moving morphable components based framework.Journal of Applied Mechanics,2014,81(8):081009.
[44]Zhang WS,Yang WY,Zhou JH,Li D,Guo X.Structural topology optimization through explicit boundary evolution.Journal of Applied Mechanics,2017,84(1):011011.
[45]冷劲松,兰鑫,刘彦菊,等.形状记忆聚合物复合材料及其在空间可展开结构中的应用.宇航学报,2010,31(4):950—956.
[46]钱煜平,郑志国,孙玉莹,等.周向布局对串列转子气动性能的影响研究.风机技术,2016,(2):30—36.
[47]李启行,王维民,齐鹏逸,等.转子轴承系统稳定性分析与识别方法.机械工程学报,2014,50(7):54—59.
[48]谢志江,唐一科,李远友.转子双面现场动平衡的不卸试重平衡法.重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2002,25(9):101—103.
[49]王跃方,郭婷,孙兴华.考虑气流激振效应的离心式压缩机叶轮强度分析.风机技术,2013,(5):11—21.
[50]王跃方,刘艳,郭婷.离心式压缩机叶轮非定常流动特性及动力响应研究进展.风机技术,2016,(5):81—87.
[51]王跃方,王素景.虚拟激励法在叶轮随机振动分析中的应用.风机技术,2014,(1):13—19.
[52]林家浩,张亚辉.随机振动的虚拟激励法.北京:科学出版社,2004.
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