Mainland China's international trade and air pollution in the United States

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• 作者：Jintai LinDa PanSteven J.DavisQiang ZhangKebin HeCan WangDavid G.StreetsDonald J.WuebblesDabo Guan
• 会议时间：2014-10-11
• 关键词：International trade ; Transboundary air pollution ; Consumption-based accounting ; Mainland China
• 母体文献：2014年海峡两岸气象科学技术研讨会论文集
• 会议名称：2014年海峡两岸气象科学技术研讨会
• 会议地点：青岛
• 主办单位：中国气象学会
• 语种：chi

摘要

Mainland China is the world's largest emitter of anthropogenic air pollutants, and measurable amounts of Mainland Chins's pollution are transported via the atmosphere to other countries, including the United States.However, a large fraction of Mainland Chinas emissions is due to manufacture of goods for foreign consumption.Here, we analyze the itnpacts of trade-related Mainland China's air pollutant emissions on the global atmospheric environment, linking an economic-emission analysis and atmospheric chemical transport modeling.We find that in 2006, 36% of anthropogenic sulfur dioxide, 27% of nitrogen oxides, 22 % of carbon monoxide, and 17% of black carbon emitted in Mainland China were associated with production of goods for export.For each of these pollutants, about 21% of export-related Mainland China's emissions were attributed to Mainland Chinato-US export.Atmospheric modeling shows that transport of the export-related Mainland China's pollution contributed 3-10% of annual mean surface sulfate concentrations and 0.5-1.5% of ozone over the western United States in 2006.This Mainland China's pollution also resulted in one extra day or more of noncompliance with the US ozone standard in 2006 over the Los Angeles area and many regions in the eastern United States.On a daily basis, the export-related Mainland China's pollution contributed, at a maximum, 12-24% of sulfate concentrations over the western United States.As the United States outsourced manufacturing to Mainland China, sulfate pollution in 2006 increased in the western United States but decreased in the eastern United States, reflecting the competing effect between enhanced transport of Mainland China's pollution and reduced US emissions.Our findings are relevant to international efforts to reduce transboundary air pollution.