Frontier Molecular Orbital Contributions to Chlorination versus Hydroxylation Selectivity in the Non-Heme Iron Halogenase SyrB2

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• 作者：Martin SrnecEdward I. Solomon
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 15, 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：139
• 期：6
• 页码：2396-2407
• 全文大小：764K
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

The ability of an Fe^IV═O intermediate in SyrB2 to perform chlorination versus hydroxylation was computationally evaluated for different substrates that had been studied experimentally. The π-trajectory for H atom abstraction (Fe^IV═O oriented perpendicular to the C–H bond of substrate) was found to lead to the S = 2 five-coordinate HO–Fe^III–Cl complex with the C^• of the substrate, π-oriented relative to both the Cl^– and the OH^– ligands. From this ferric intermediate, hydroxylation is thermodynamically favored, but chlorination is intrinsically more reactive due to the energy splitting between two key redox-active dπ* frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs). The splitting is determined by the differential ligand field effect of Cl^– versus OH^– on the Fe center. This makes chlorination effectively competitive with hydroxylation. Chlorination versus hydroxylation selectivity is then determined by the orientation of the substrate with respect to the HO–Fe–Cl plane that controls either the Cl^– or the OH^– to rebound depending on the relative π-overlap with the substrate C radical. The differential contribution of the two FMOs to chlorination versus hydroxylation selectivity in SyrB2 is related to a reaction mechanism that involves two asynchronous transfers: electron transfer from the substrate radical to the iron center followed by late ligand (Cl^– or OH^–) transfer to the substrate.