摘要
多源遥感信息数据融合作为一种遥感信息综合处理与分析的技术,其研究正成为遥感领域的一个重要的研究方向。本文在全面分析和总结现有文献和研究成果的基础上,以高空间分辨率的全色影像和低空间分辨率的多光谱影像为数据源,引出了多源遥感信息数据融合的基本概念,分析和总结了多源遥感信息数据融合的层次、模型、结构和技术的特点;应用融合影像质量评价指标,建立了融合影像质量评价体系,对几组不同空间分辨率的遥感影像进行融合试验分析,为选择遥感信息融合方法提供科学依据。 遥感技术为地学应用提供了新的数据来源和探索地球的方式。本文在研究了遥感地学分析的基本思想基础上,论述了遥感信息地学处理与分析的发展历史、智能化遥感地学分析的发展;引出了智能化遥感图解的概念,并对地学中的岩石、水文、植被、人文、深部地质构造等信息在遥感信息中的影像特征进行了描述,进而结合鄂尔多斯盆地重、磁异常场,遥感影像特征对盆地构造及其演化进行多源地学信息综合分析,为鄂尔多斯盆地多种能源矿种预测评价和开发提供有价值的科学依据。 综合利用3S技术、遥感图像数字处理技术、虚拟现实技术,通过遥感信息数据融合、高精度DEM生成和影像复合等工序,按一定比例尺和飞行路线生成研究区的虚拟三维影像动画系列图。实践表明:将遥感影像地质解译三维可视化用于遥感地学研究是可行的。
As a technology of remote sensing information's comprehensive treatment and analysis, the research of multi-source remote sensing image fusion is becoming an important research direction in the remote sensing field. Based on analyzing and summarizing existing document and researching result, taking panchromatic images of high spatial resolution and multi-spectral images of low spatial resolution as data resource, this thesis draws forth the basic concept of multi-source remote sensing information fusion, analyzes and summarizes the level, model, structure and the technological character of multi-source remote sensing information fusion. With the quality evaluation criterion of fused images, this paper indicates that it is an effective way to evaluate the quality of fused image and the function of fused method to combine subjective qualitative evaluation with objective quantitative evaluation by carrying on fused test analysis to the remote sensing image of different spatial resolution. At the same time this paper analyzes synthetically and compares different fusion methods such as weighted fusion, product fusion, Brovey fusion, high-pass filtering fusion, Munechicka fusion in spatial domain and triangle HIS transform fusion, wavelet-transform fusion in transform domain. It offers scientific evidence for choosing the remote sensing information fusion method.Remote sensing technology provides new data resource and the way of exploring the earth for geoscience application. Based on the basic idea of geoscience analysis, this paper discusses the developing history of remote sensing information's geoscience handling and analysis and the development of intelligent remote sensing geoscience analysis; It draws forth the concept of intelligent remote sensing image interpretation and describes the image feature of rock, stratum structure, hydrology, vegetation, human, deep geological fracture and other information of geology in remote sensing information. According to the data of abnormal gravitational, magnetic field and the character of remote sensing image in the Ordos basin, it carry on comprehensive multi-source information analysis to the structure and the evolution of the basin, interprets the annular body(structure), studies the spatial relationships between the annular body(structure) and the coexistence of oil, gas pool, coal bed uranium deposits and other multi-energy resource, sets up the exploration thread that mineral annular structure reflects and the regularity of the rich location of minerals. It can offer valuable scientific evidence for forecasting, evaluating and the exploitation of multi-energy minerals in the Ordos basin.Using 3S technology, digital processing technology of remote sensing and virtual reality comprehensively, the virtual three-dimensional animated series map of researching area can be generated according to some scales and flying routes by the data fusion of remote sensing information, the generation of high-precision DEM, image integration and other procedures. Practice indicates that it is very feasible to apply the remote sensing image geological interpretation and image dynamic analysis methods to remote sensing geoscience research.