- 标准号：ASTM D4631-1995(2008)
- 发布日期：1995
- 英文题名：Standard Test Method for Determining Transmissivity and Storativity of Low Permeability Rocks by In Situ Measurements Using Pressure Pulse Technique
- 英文主题词：borehole drilling ; discontinuities ; fault zones ; field testing flow and flow rate ; groundwater ; permeability ; pressure testing ; pulse testing ; rock ; saturation ; storativity ; transmissivity ; viscosity ; water ; water saturation ; Borehole drilling ; Discontinuities--rock ; Fault zones ; Field testing--rock ; Flow and flow rate--soil/rock/related materials ; Permeability--soil/rock ; Pressure testing--rock ; Pulse testing ; Rock materials/properties/analysis ; Saturation ; Storativity ; Transmissivity and reflectivity ; Viscosity--rock ; Water analysis ; Water saturation
- 标准状态：现行
- 发布单位：US-ASTM
- 国际标准分类号：93.020 (Earth works. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works)
- 载体形态：7P.;A4
- 中国标准分类号：P13
- 国别：美国材料与试验协会
Test Method8212;The pulse test method is used to determine the transmissivity and storativity of low-permeability formations surrounding the packed-off intervals. This test method is considerably shorter in duration than the pump and slug tests used in more permeable rocks. To obtain results to the desired accuracy, pump and slug tests in low-permeability formations are too time consuming, as indicated in Fig. 1 (from Bredehoeft and Papadopulos (1)).
Analysis8212;The transient pressure data obtained using the suggested method are evaluated by the curve-matching technique described by Bredehoeft and Papadopulos (1), or by an analytical technique proposed by Wang et al (2). The latter is particularly useful for interpreting pulse tests when only the early-time transient pressure decay data are available.
Units:
Conversions8212;The permeability of a formation is often expressed in terms of the unit darcy. A porous medium has a permeability of 1 darcy when a fluid of viscosity 1 cP (1 mPax00B7;s) flows through it at a rate of 1 cm3/s (10x2212;6 m 3/s)/1 cm2 (10x2212;4 m2) cross-sectional area at a pressure differential of 1 atm (101.4 kPa)/1 cm (10 mm) of length. One darcy corresponds to 0.987 x03BC;m2. For water as the flowing fluid at 20x00B0;C, a hydraulic conductivity of 9.66 x03BC;m/s corresponds to a permeability of 1 darcy.
Viscosity of Water8212;Table 1 shows the viscosity of water as a function of temperature.
TABLE 1 Viscosity of Water as a Function of Temperature
| Temperature, x00B0;C | Absolute Viscosity, mPax00B7;s |
|---|---|
| 0 | 1.79 |
| 2 | 1.67 |
| 4 | 1.57 |
| 6 | 1.47 |
| 8 | 1.39 |
| 10 | 1.31 |
| 12 | 1.24 |
| 14 | 1.17 |
| 16 | 1.11 |
| 18 | 1.06 |
| 20 | 1.00 |
| 22 | 0.96 |
| 24 | 0.91 |
| 26 | 0.87 |
| 28 | 0.84 |
| 30 | 0.80 |
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