• 责任者：Lu Peng (Institute of Geography ; Henan Academy of Sciences ; Zhengzhou 450052 ; China) ; Tian Yan
• 刊名：Quaternary Sciences
• 出版年：2013
• 卷期：33(5)
• 关键词：全新世 ; Holocene ; 古人类 ; fossil man ; 河南 ; Henan Province
• 页码：p.965-971
• 图表：1 illus., 2 tables, 40 refs.
• 分类号：1400
• issnNo：ISSN1001-7410
• isbnNo：CN11-2708/P

     The Circum-Songshan area refers to the region of Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Xuchang, Pingdingshan and the surrounding area in the Henan Province, the center of which is the Songshan Mountain.There were 1930 ancient settlements（9000-3000aB.P.）in this area, including Peiligang（9000-7000aB.P.）, Yangshao（7000-5000aB.P.）, Longshan（5000-4000aB.P.）and Xiashang（4000-3000aB.P.）periods.According to the cultural accumulation form, this research divided ancient settlement into two types.One was single settlement which only contained a sort of cultural accumulation.The other was superimposed settlement which contained a variety of cultural accumulation.Statistical analysis showed that most of Peiligang settlements were single settlement, situated mainly on the mesa near mountain and the superimposed settlement which contained Yangshao and Longshan accumulation had the largest number, most of them distributed on the plain.Moreover, both of the amount of Longshan settlement and the size of Xiashang settlement were the largest.Therefore, the successive mode of ancient settlements of the Circum-Songshan area was summed up to three phases.First, it was the transferred succession mode from Peiligang to Yangshao periods, which mainly represented giving up the situation of former settlements and transferring to other places to build new settlements.Secondly, it was the diffused succession mode from Yangshao to Longshan periods, which represented maintaining former settlements and diffusing to the surrounding areas to build other settlements.Thirdly, it was the expended succession mode from Longshan to Xiashang periods, which represented expending the area and scale of settlements basing on the former settlements.The diversity of successive modes of ancient settlements is closely related with regional environment, especially the terrain conditions.For the transformation of productive manners, Yangshao ancestors had to give up the Peiligang settlements on the mesa near mountain and transfer to the plain in front of mountains to build new settlement which was more suitable to agricultural production.In addition, for the steady development of society and the increase of settlements number, Longshan ancestors had to look for the area of better environmental condition to build new settlements basing on maintaining the former settlements in order to deal with the pressure which coming from the increase of population.Furthermore, for the transformation of social form and organization pattern, the area of Xiashang settlements continued to expand basing on the Longshan settlements, which leaded to the forming of size-scale diversity of settlements in the end.The diversity of successive modes of ancient settlements of the Circum-Songshan area reveals that the different social forms and developmental phses are the result of the choice and adaptation to the different environment basing on the certain productive levels and specific social organization structure.