On the Dissemination and Development of Genetic Mineralogy in China
详细信息
- 责任者：Li Shengrong (State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources ; China University of Geosciences ; Beijing 100083 ; China)
- 刊名：Earth Science Frontiers
- 出版年：2013
- 卷期：20(3)
- 关键词：成因矿物学 ; genetic mineralogy ; 中国 ; China
- 页码：p.46-54
- 图表：illus., 79 refs.
- 分类号：0700
- issnNo：ISSN1005-2321
- isbnNo：CN11-3370/P
摘要
Genetic mineralogy is an important part of modern mineralogy.The following are the major components of genetic mineralogy: the temporal and spatial distribution of minerals and their assemblages,the linkage among various internal and external properties of minerals,the physico-chemical conditions of formation and transformation of minerals,the interaction between minerals and surrounding media and the macroscopic and microscopic signatures for these,and the genetic classification of minerals and the application of mineral genesis information.The ontogeny and phylogeny of minerals,their typomorphism,the thermobarometry,the paragenetic analysis and genetic classification of minerals constitute the discipline of genetic mineralogy,among which typomorphism is the core of the system.During the second half of the 20th century,the Chinese mineralogists led by Professor Guang-Yuan Chen made innovative advances and constituted genetic mineralogical groups,established the theoretical system of genetic mineralogy,brought forth 6 basic properties of mineral typomorphism and 4 rules for mineralogical mapping,and summarized the genetic typomorphism and ore-prospecting criteria of minerals from metamorphic and magmatic rock on a variety of mineral deposits including lead,zinc,iron,gold,mercury,fluorite and other deposits,thus efficiently guiding the geological research and ore prospecting in China.In the first decade of this century,parameters and methodology of mineralogical mapping have been further explored and improved developing convenient and fast means through the application of mineral magnetics and near infrared spectroscopy.Several regularities were discovered on the zoning,alteration in relation to depth,nature of mineralization as well as mineral typomorphism.The various factors related to the significance of mineral typomorphism were explained in depth in geodynamic and tectonic perspectives.A new branch of mineralogy-environmental biological mineralogy-gradually grew up expanding the realm of genetic mineralogy as its guiding theory.Genetic mineralogy is greatly enriched by the studies of environmental response of biominerals such as those in fish otolith,bivalve shell,foraminifera,etc.;by the studies of soil energy system restoration utilizing mineral wasters;by the studies of organism controlling self-assembled hierarchical structures of biominerals;and by the studies of ocean mineral reflecting oceanic and atmospheric environments.Systematic integration of previous achievements,and experimental study on mineral ontogeny leading to original and innovative research results are important for further advancements in the field of genetic mineralogy,and international exchange is necessary to make genetic mineralogical achievements to enrich the knowledge base and benefit the whole human society.
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