摘要
钻探技术是取得地下实物资料、验证地下信息推断与解释、最终圈定矿体、计算储量、评估品位唯一的技术手段,是实现取得宏观影响大成果的重要技术支撑。我国钻探技术和装备水平与国外先进国家相比有很大的差距,但近些年来有了长足的发展。通过国家重大科学工程项目"中国大陆科学钻探工程"5158m"科钻一井"的实施,取得了一系列钻探技术成果,形成了一整套新型的、具有国际先进水平的硬岩深井科学钻探技术体系,包括硬岩深井取心钻进技术、扩孔钻进技术、泥浆技术和井斜控制技术。在国家科技计划项目、国土资源部科技项目以及地质大调查专项项目等的支持下,通过地质钻探技术的研究和应用,在绳索取心钻探技术、液动潜孔锤钻探技术、反循环钻探技术、组合钻探工艺、定向对接井技术、新型节水钻探工艺、系列全液压岩心钻机、全液压动力头水文水井钻机、地质调查浅层取心取样钻探装备与技术、系列新型金刚石钻头以及新型冲洗液技术等方面取得了长足的进步,为我国地质调查和矿产资源勘查提供了现代化的钻探技术和装备。
Drilling is the only technical means to access the underground physical information,verify the inference and interpretation of underground information,define orebody and reserves,and evaluate the ore grade.It is an important technical support for materialization of major exploration results.Drilling technology and equipment of China has lagged behind compared with developed countries;however,a great progress has been made in the past years.With the implementation of the state major scientific program" Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project" CCSD #1 Well(a drilling depth up to 5158m),and a series of achievements made in drilling technology,a full set of scientific drilling techniques has been produced,including hard rock deep core drilling,reaming,mud,and well deviation control,which have reached to the international standards.Under the support of the research programs funded by the State Scientific and Technological Plan,The Ministry of State Land and Resources Scientific and Technological Plan,The Special Geo-survey Program,China's geo-drilling technology has made great advances through research and application in wire-line core drilling,fluid powered DTH drilling,reverse circulation drilling,combined drilling,intersected well drilling,new water-saving drilling,all-hydraulic core drills,all-hydraulic top-head water well drilling rig,shallow coring and sampling machines,diamond drill bits,drilling fluids,etc.,which provide advanced drilling technology and equipment for geological and mineral exploration in China.