准噶尔盆地下侏罗统八道湾组震积岩的发现及其研究意义
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摘要
准噶尔盆地是中—新生代陆内坳陷盆地与海西期前陆盆地相叠加的大型复合叠合盆地。自石炭纪以来的多次构造叠加作用形成了准噶尔盆地西北缘的前陆冲断带,盆地基底长期剧烈的构造活动控制和影响着下侏罗统八道湾组的沉积作用。笔者等通过岩芯分析,首次在该盆地下侏罗统八道湾组不同层位的地层中识别出微褶皱层、地裂缝、阶梯状正断层、液化砂岩构造和震积角砾岩等典型的震积地质记录,说明早侏罗世研究区有频繁而强烈的地震活动,这些地震活动与燕山运动有关。克乌断裂带在印支期以后仍处于频繁而强烈活动状态,具有同沉积活动性质,震积岩沿克乌断裂带发育,显然受克乌断裂同沉积活动控制,该断裂不断逆冲造成断层下盘的研究区基底持续沉降,是震积构造迅速被掩埋并得以大量保存在地层记录中的重要原因。
Junggar basin is regarded as a large-scale composite basin superimposed by intracontinental basin of Meso—Cenozoic and foreland basin of Hercynian.Multiple superimposing formed the fold—thrust zone in the northwestern Junggar foreland basin since Carboniferous.Long and severe tectogenesis of the basement control and impact the sediment of the Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation.By analysis of core,micro-corrugated lamination,earthquake rima,micro fractures,vibration liquefaction,earthquake breccias and other typical structures of seismites were first time identified from the Badaowan Formation.The seismites of the Badaowan Formation indicated that there were intense and frequent earthquakes in Junggar Basin in Early Jurassic which related to Yanshanian movement.The Kewu fault is a syn-sedimentary fault because it moved strongly and frequently after Indosinian movement stage.Seismites developed along the Kewu faults suggested that it dominated by the syndepositional movement of the faults.The upper plate of the Kewu fault thrust in Junggar Basin that located the lower plate unceasingly and made the study area basement descending consecutively.The descending of basement is the most important cause of the seismites structures were buried quickly and conserved abundantly.
Junggar basin is regarded as a large-scale composite basin superimposed by intracontinental basin of Meso—Cenozoic and foreland basin of Hercynian.Multiple superimposing formed the fold—thrust zone in the northwestern Junggar foreland basin since Carboniferous.Long and severe tectogenesis of the basement control and impact the sediment of the Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation.By analysis of core,micro-corrugated lamination,earthquake rima,micro fractures,vibration liquefaction,earthquake breccias and other typical structures of seismites were first time identified from the Badaowan Formation.The seismites of the Badaowan Formation indicated that there were intense and frequent earthquakes in Junggar Basin in Early Jurassic which related to Yanshanian movement.The Kewu fault is a syn-sedimentary fault because it moved strongly and frequently after Indosinian movement stage.Seismites developed along the Kewu faults suggested that it dominated by the syndepositional movement of the faults.The upper plate of the Kewu fault thrust in Junggar Basin that located the lower plate unceasingly and made the study area basement descending consecutively.The descending of basement is the most important cause of the seismites structures were buried quickly and conserved abundantly.
引文
[1]新疆油田公司采油二厂、勘探开发研究院.2007.克拉玛依油田八区530井区白碱滩组、八道湾组J1b52层油藏精细描述研究报告.
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杜远生,韩欣.2000.论震积作用和震积岩.地球科学进展,(4):389～394.
黄宏伟,杜远生,黄志强,陈海.2007.广西丹池盆地晚古生代震积岩及其构造意义.地质论评,53(5):592～511.
贾志海,洪天求,郑文武,李双应.2003.皖北新元古代望山组震积岩的基本特征及其形成环境分析.地层学杂志,27(2):146～149.
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吕洪波,章雨旭,夏邦栋,方中,周伟明,彭阳,吴智平,李伟.2003.南盘江盆地中三叠统复理石中的同沉积挤压构造——一类新的沉积构造的归类、命名和构造意义探讨,地质论评,49(5):449～456.
吕洪波,章雨旭,肖国望,张绮玲.2006.内蒙古白云鄂博南东黑脑包腮林忽洞群下部发现地震滑塌岩块,地质论评,52(2):163～169.
李勇,Allen P A,周荣军,Densmore A L,Ellis M A.2006.青藏高原东缘中新生代龙门山前陆盆地动力学及其与大陆碰撞作用的耦合关系.地质学报,80(8):1101～1109.
乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,彭阳,李海兵,高劢,宋彪,张巧大.1994.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列.地质学报,68(1):16～32.
乔秀夫,李海兵,高林志.1997.华北地台震旦纪——早古生代地震节律.地学前缘,4(3～4):155～160.
乔秀夫,高林志.1999.华北中新元古代及早中生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系.科学通报,44(16):1753～1758.
乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,李海兵.2001.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义.中国科学(D辑),31(11):911～918.
宋天锐.1988.北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐岩地层中的一套可能的地震—海啸序列.科学通报,38(8):609～611.
魏垂高,张世奇,姜在兴,刘金华.2006.东营凹陷现河地区沙三段震积岩特征及其意义.沉积学报,24(6):798～805.
吴贤涛,尹国勋.1992.四川峨眉晚侏罗世湖泊沉积中震积岩的发现及其意义.沉积学报,10(3):19～24.
夏青松,田景春,黄昌武.2007.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组震积岩识别标志研究.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),34(3):312～317.
袁静.2004.山东惠民凹陷古近纪震积岩特征及其地质意义.沉积学报,22(1):41～46.
朱海之.1971.砂土震动液化与液化结构指数.科学通报,24:1127～1131.
张琴,朱筱敏,张建军,宋刚,阎伟鹏,张群伟.2003.酒西盆地青南凹陷柳沟庄—窟窿山地区下白垩统震积岩的发现及意义.地质学报,77(2):158～162.
郑荣才,文华国,范铭涛,汪满福,吴国-,夏佩芬.2006.酒西盆地下沟组湖相白烟型喷流岩岩石学特征.岩石学报,22(12):3027～3038.
Seilacher A.1969.Fault-graded bed interpreted as seismites.Sedimentology,13(1～2):155～159.
Seilacher A.1984.Sedimentary structures tentatively attributed toseismic events.Mar.Geol,55(1):1～12.
Spallctta C,Vai G B.1984.Upper Devonian intraclast parabrecciasinterpreted as seismites.Mar Geol,55(1～2):133～144.
陈世悦,袁文芳,鄢继华.2003.济阳坳陷早第三纪震积岩的发现及其意义.地质科学,38(3):377～386.
杜远生,韩欣.2000.论震积作用和震积岩.地球科学进展,(4):389～394.
黄宏伟,杜远生,黄志强,陈海.2007.广西丹池盆地晚古生代震积岩及其构造意义.地质论评,53(5):592～511.
贾志海,洪天求,郑文武,李双应.2003.皖北新元古代望山组震积岩的基本特征及其形成环境分析.地层学杂志,27(2):146～149.
梁定益,聂泽同,万晓樵,陈国民.1991.试论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例.现代地质,5(2):138～147.
梁定益,聂泽同,宋志敏.1994.再论震积岩及震积不整合——以川西、滇西地区为例.地球科学,19(6):845～850.
吕洪波,章雨旭,夏邦栋,方中,周伟明,彭阳,吴智平,李伟.2003.南盘江盆地中三叠统复理石中的同沉积挤压构造——一类新的沉积构造的归类、命名和构造意义探讨,地质论评,49(5):449～456.
吕洪波,章雨旭,肖国望,张绮玲.2006.内蒙古白云鄂博南东黑脑包腮林忽洞群下部发现地震滑塌岩块,地质论评,52(2):163～169.
李勇,Allen P A,周荣军,Densmore A L,Ellis M A.2006.青藏高原东缘中新生代龙门山前陆盆地动力学及其与大陆碰撞作用的耦合关系.地质学报,80(8):1101～1109.
乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,彭阳,李海兵,高劢,宋彪,张巧大.1994.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列.地质学报,68(1):16～32.
乔秀夫,李海兵,高林志.1997.华北地台震旦纪——早古生代地震节律.地学前缘,4(3～4):155～160.
乔秀夫,高林志.1999.华北中新元古代及早中生代地震灾变事件及与Rodinia的关系.科学通报,44(16):1753～1758.
乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,李海兵.2001.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义.中国科学(D辑),31(11):911～918.
宋天锐.1988.北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐岩地层中的一套可能的地震—海啸序列.科学通报,38(8):609～611.
魏垂高,张世奇,姜在兴,刘金华.2006.东营凹陷现河地区沙三段震积岩特征及其意义.沉积学报,24(6):798～805.
吴贤涛,尹国勋.1992.四川峨眉晚侏罗世湖泊沉积中震积岩的发现及其意义.沉积学报,10(3):19～24.
夏青松,田景春,黄昌武.2007.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组震积岩识别标志研究.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),34(3):312～317.
袁静.2004.山东惠民凹陷古近纪震积岩特征及其地质意义.沉积学报,22(1):41～46.
朱海之.1971.砂土震动液化与液化结构指数.科学通报,24:1127～1131.
张琴,朱筱敏,张建军,宋刚,阎伟鹏,张群伟.2003.酒西盆地青南凹陷柳沟庄—窟窿山地区下白垩统震积岩的发现及意义.地质学报,77(2):158～162.
郑荣才,文华国,范铭涛,汪满福,吴国-,夏佩芬.2006.酒西盆地下沟组湖相白烟型喷流岩岩石学特征.岩石学报,22(12):3027～3038.
Seilacher A.1969.Fault-graded bed interpreted as seismites.Sedimentology,13(1～2):155～159.
Seilacher A.1984.Sedimentary structures tentatively attributed toseismic events.Mar.Geol,55(1):1～12.
Spallctta C,Vai G B.1984.Upper Devonian intraclast parabrecciasinterpreted as seismites.Mar Geol,55(1～2):133～144.
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