柴达木盆地北缘盆山构造关系与油气勘探方向
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摘要
穿过赛什腾山南侧构造边界的地震剖面显示,赛什腾山南缘断裂带总体表现为扭动特征。该断裂带在西端主要表现为向北、向上冲断;中部以高角度为特征;东缘(1001测线剖面)则表现为低角度、向盆地方向的逆冲断层,可能是走滑断裂构造端部的构造转换,为伴生构造样式。柴达木盆地北缘(柴北缘)的边界造山带并没有向盆地方向大规模逆冲,赛什腾山山前的东台1井及绿梁山山前的尕丘1井均未钻遇被山体掩覆的新地层,而是钻遇了高角度断裂带,也说明山体向南侧的逆冲规模较小。因此,新生代以来柴北缘地区的构造变形以走滑变形为主,逆冲推覆是走滑构造的伴生产物。柴北缘走滑断裂带构造变形具有反转特征,并不是原生油气藏形成的有利地带,走滑带之间的块体可能是相对稳定的块体,具有较有利的成藏条件。图7参12
Seismic profile crossing southern boundary of Saishiteng Mountain shows the shear tectonic characteristic of fault zone at southern boundary of Saishiteng Mountain.In the west of Saishiteng,the fault zone thrusts towards top and north;in the center,the fault zone shows high angle,in the east(line 1001 profile),it represents as low-angle and basin-toward thrusted fault,which may be converted structure at the end of strike-slip faulted structure,in pattern of associated structure.The north boundary didn't overthrust to basin;Wells Dongtai 1 and Gaqiu 1 at foothill of Saishiteng didn't penetrate into new formations overlapped by the mountains,but into associated products of high-angle faulted structure,which indicates that the mountain was less thrusted to the basin.So the structure deformation of Northern Qaidam Basin had been mainly strike slip since Cenozoic and the thrust nappe is associated with the strike-slip structure.The strike-slip faulted zone in north boundary showed reversal deformation,so it is not a favorable play to form original reservoirs;the masses between strike-slip trips,that may be stable relatively,are favorable for forming reservoirs.
Seismic profile crossing southern boundary of Saishiteng Mountain shows the shear tectonic characteristic of fault zone at southern boundary of Saishiteng Mountain.In the west of Saishiteng,the fault zone thrusts towards top and north;in the center,the fault zone shows high angle,in the east(line 1001 profile),it represents as low-angle and basin-toward thrusted fault,which may be converted structure at the end of strike-slip faulted structure,in pattern of associated structure.The north boundary didn't overthrust to basin;Wells Dongtai 1 and Gaqiu 1 at foothill of Saishiteng didn't penetrate into new formations overlapped by the mountains,but into associated products of high-angle faulted structure,which indicates that the mountain was less thrusted to the basin.So the structure deformation of Northern Qaidam Basin had been mainly strike slip since Cenozoic and the thrust nappe is associated with the strike-slip structure.The strike-slip faulted zone in north boundary showed reversal deformation,so it is not a favorable play to form original reservoirs;the masses between strike-slip trips,that may be stable relatively,are favorable for forming reservoirs.
引文
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[2]陈炳蔚,王彦斌,左国朝.青藏高原北部地体划分及其构造演化[J].地球物理学报,1995,38(增刊):98-113.
[3]顾树松,徐旺,薛超,等.中国石油地质志(青藏油气区)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1990.
[4]王桂宏,徐凤银,陈新领,等.柴北缘地区走滑反转构造及其深部地质因素分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(2):201-204.
[5]杨平,杨玉芹,马立协,等.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系沉积环境演变及其石油地质意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(2):160-164.
[6]马龙,陈洪德,张景廉,等.柴达木盆地第四系生物成因气质疑[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(2):250-256.
[7]张雪亭,张智勇,阿成业,等.二十世纪末中国各省区域地质调查成果(中国地质调查局)———青海省[M].北京:地质出版社,2003.352-373.
[8]张建新,万渝生,许志琴,等.柴达木盆地德令哈地区基性麻粒岩的发现及其形成时代[J].岩石学报,2001,17(3):453-458.
[9]杨经绥,李海兵.走滑断裂对超高压变质岩石折返的贡献及青藏高原北部白垩纪隆升之新思考[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):80-89.
[10]杨经绥,宋述光,许志琴,等.柴达木盆地北缘早古生代高压—超高压变质带中发现典型超高压矿物———柯石英[J].地质学报,2001,75(2):175-178.
[11]腾吉文.柴达木东盆地的深层地震反射波和地壳构造[J].地球物理学报,1974,17(2):122-134.
[12]郑亚东,莫午零,张文涛,等.柴达木盆地油气勘探新思路[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(1):13-18.
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