风与地震耦合作用下钢管混凝土框架-防屈曲支撑结构体系易损性研究
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摘要
工程结构在其全寿命服役期间会不可避免地遭受风或地震等多种灾害的作用。以钢管混凝土框架-防屈曲支撑结构体系为研究对象,模拟了重现期分别为1年、10年和50年的结构不同高度处的风速时程,基于OpenSees有限元软件对结构开展了地震单独作用和重现期分别为1年、10年和50年的风与地震耦合作用4种工况下的非线性动力时程分析,并基于地震需求分析方法生成了结构在不同工况下的易损性曲线。结果表明:随着风作用的增大,结构的反应和易损性均有增大趋势;而随着地震动强度的增大,风作用对结构易损性的影响则逐渐减小。
During their service periods, engineering structures may inevitably be subjected to multiple natural hazards, such as winds and earthquakes. The vulnerability of a concrete filled steel tubular frame with buckling-restrained braces under the coupling of wind and earthquake is investigated. The wind speed time histories at different heights of the structure are simulated by assuming the return period to be 1 year, 10 years and 50 years, respectively. The OpenSees platform is employed to develop the finite element model of the considered structure. Nonlinear time history analyses are performed for the structural numerical models under four cases, namely the separate earthquake excitation, simultaneous earthquake and wind with return periods of 1 year, 10 years and 50 years, respectively. Fragility curves under different cases are generated based on the probabilistic seismic demand analysis. The numerical results show that the structural response and the vulnerability increase gradually with the wind speed, while the influence of the wind loads decreases with the increase of the intensities of input seismic motions.
During their service periods, engineering structures may inevitably be subjected to multiple natural hazards, such as winds and earthquakes. The vulnerability of a concrete filled steel tubular frame with buckling-restrained braces under the coupling of wind and earthquake is investigated. The wind speed time histories at different heights of the structure are simulated by assuming the return period to be 1 year, 10 years and 50 years, respectively. The OpenSees platform is employed to develop the finite element model of the considered structure. Nonlinear time history analyses are performed for the structural numerical models under four cases, namely the separate earthquake excitation, simultaneous earthquake and wind with return periods of 1 year, 10 years and 50 years, respectively. Fragility curves under different cases are generated based on the probabilistic seismic demand analysis. The numerical results show that the structural response and the vulnerability increase gradually with the wind speed, while the influence of the wind loads decreases with the increase of the intensities of input seismic motions.
引文
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[11]李宏男,李超.基于全寿命周期的桥梁结构抗震性能评价与设计方法研究进展[J].中国公路学报,2014,27(10):32-45(Li Hongnan,Li Chao.Research progress on life-cycle based bridge structural seismic performance evaluation and design method[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2014,27(10):32-45(in Chinese))
[12]Wen Y K.Minimum lifecycle cost design under multiple hazards[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2001,73(3):223-231
[13]Kameshwar S,Padgett J E.Multi-hazard risk assessment of highway bridges subjected to earthquake and hurricane hazards[J].Engineering Structures,2014,78(1):154-166
[14]Duthinh D,Simu E.Safety of structures in strong winds and earthquakes:multihazard considerations[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2010,136(3):330-333
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[18]Zuo H,Bi K,Hao H.Using multiple tuned mass dampers to control offshore wind turbine vibrations under multiple hazards[J].Engineering Structures,2017,141:303-315
[19]Asareh M A,Schonberg W,Volz J.Fragility analysis of a 5-MW NREL wind turbine considering aero-elastic and seismic interaction using finite element method[J].Finite Elements in Analysis&Design,2016,120(1):57-67
[20]高建国,杨德勇.大气、地震和地球自转速率[J].地震研究,1981,4(2):196-206
[21]GB 50011-2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010(GB 50011-2010 Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Building&Industry Press,2012(in Chinese))
[22]刘建彬.防屈曲支撑及防屈曲支撑钢框架设计理论研究[D].北京:清华大学,2005(Liu Jianbin.Research on the design theory of buckling-restrained braces and buckling-restrained braced frames[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2005(in Chinese))
[23]郭玉荣,黄民元.防屈曲耗能支撑钢管混凝土柱-钢梁组合框架子结构拟动力试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(11):62-68.(Guo Yurong,Huang Minyuan.Substructure pseudo-dynamic tests of a concrete filled steel tubular column-steel beam composite frame with buckling restrained braces[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(11):62-68(in Chinese))
[24]Mander J B,Priestley M J N,Park R.Theoretical stress‐strain model for confined concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1988,114(8):1804-1826
[25]Gu Q,Zona A,Peng Y,et al.Effect of buckling-restrained brace model parameters on seismic structural response[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2014,98(7):100-113
[26]Ang A H,Tang W H.Probability concepts in engineering planning:emphasis on applications to civil and environmental engineering[M].2nd Edition.Hoboken,NJ:John Wiley&Sons,2007
[27]刘晶波,刘阳冰,闫秋实,等.基于性能的方钢管混凝土框架结构地震易损性分析[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(2):39-47(Liu Jingbo,Liu Yangbing,Yan Qiushi,et al.Performance-based seismic fragility analysis of CFST frame structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(2):39-47(in Chinese))
[28]韩林海.钢管混凝土结构-理论与实践[M].第三版.北京:科学出版社,2007(Han Linhai.Concrete filled steel tubular structure-theory and application[M].3th Edition.Beijing:Science Press,2007(in Chinese))
[29]GB 50009-2012建筑结构荷载规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012(GB 50009-2012 Load code for the design of building structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2012(in Chinese))
[30]Augusti G,Ciampoli M.Performance-based design in risk assessment and reduction[J].Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,2008,23(4):496-508
[31]Kaimal J C,Wyngaard J C,Izumi Y,et al.Spectral characteristics of surface-layer turbulence[M].New jersey:John Wiley&Sons,1972
[32]Hao H,Oliveira C S,Penzien J.Multiple-station ground motion processing and simulation based on smart-1array data[J].Nuclear Engineering&Design,1989,111(3):293-310
[33]Li C,Hao H,Li H N,et al.Theoretical modeling and numerical simulation of seismic motions at seafloor[J].Soil Dynamics&Earthquake Engineering,2015,77:220-225
[34]Li C,Hao H,Li H N,et al.Modeling and simulation of spatially correlated ground motions at multiple onshore and offshore sites[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2017,21(3):359-383
[35]Smith V,Mahmoud H.Multihazard assessment of wind turbine towers under simultaneous application of wind,operation,and seismic loads[J].Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities,2016,30(6):04016043
[36]Cornell C A,Jalayer F,Hamburger R O,et al.Probabilistic basis for 2000 SAC federal emergency management agency steel moment frame guidelines[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2002,128(4):526-533
[37]Li C,Li H N,Hao H,et al.Seismic fragility analyses of sea-crossing cable-stayed bridges subjected to multi-support ground motions on offshore sites[J].Engineering Structures,2018,165:441-456
[38]CECS 230:2008高层建筑钢-混凝土混合结构设计规程[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2008(CECS 230:2008Specification for design of steel-concrete mixed structure of tall buildings[S].Beijing,China Planning Press,2008(in Chinese))
[39]Ramamoorthy S K,Gardoni P,Bracci J M,.Probabilistic demand models and fragility curves for reinforced concrete frames[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2006,132(10):1563-1572
[2]Clark P,Aiken I,Kasai K,et al.Design procedures for buildings incorporating hysteretic damping devices[C]//Proceedings 68th annual convention Santa Barbara,California:Structural Engineers Association of California,1999
[3]Yamaguchi M,Yamada S,Matsumoto Y,et al.Full-scale shaking table test of damage tolerant structure with a buckling resistant brace[J].Journal of Structural&Construction Engineering,2002,67(558):189-196
[4]周云,尹庆利,林绍明,等.带防屈曲耗能腋撑钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(11):29-38(Zhou Yun,Yin Qingli,Lin Shaoming,et al.Seismic performance investigations of RC frame structures with buckling-restrained haunch braces[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(11):29-38(in Chinese))
[5]郝晓燕,李宏男,杨昌民,等.腹板式钢制防屈曲支撑力学性能试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2012,25(5):497-505(Hao Xiaoyan,Li Hongnan,Yang Changmin,et al.Experimental investigation on mechanical performances of an innovative H type steel-unbuckling-brace[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2012,25(5):497-505(in Chinese))
[6]贾明明,孙霖,郭兰慧,等.防屈曲支撑非屈服段平面外屈曲对组合框架支撑结构性能的影响[J].建筑结构学报,2013,34(s1):383-388(Jia Mingming,Sun Lin,Guo Lanhui,et al.Influences of out-of-plane buckling ofnon-yielding segments of BRBs on braced composite frame structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2013,34(s1):383-388(in Chinese))
[7]Li C,Hao H,Li H N,et al.Seismic fragility analysis of reinforced concrete bridges with chloride induced corrosion subjected to spatially varying ground motions[J].International Journal of Structural Stability&Dynamics,2016,16(5):187-199
[8]Hwang H,Liu J B,Chiu Y H.Seismic fragility analysis of highway bridges[R].Memphis:The University of Memphis,2001
[9]Ellingwood B R,Rosowsky D V,Li Y,et al.Fragility assessment of light-frame wood construction subjected to wind and earthquake hazards[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2004,130(12):1921-1930
[10]李超,李宏男.考虑氯离子腐蚀作用的近海桥梁结构全寿命抗震性能评价[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(11):70-77(Li Chao,Li Hongnan.Life-cycle seismic performance evaluation of offshore bridge structures considering chloride ions corrosion effect[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(11):70-77(in Chinese))
[11]李宏男,李超.基于全寿命周期的桥梁结构抗震性能评价与设计方法研究进展[J].中国公路学报,2014,27(10):32-45(Li Hongnan,Li Chao.Research progress on life-cycle based bridge structural seismic performance evaluation and design method[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2014,27(10):32-45(in Chinese))
[12]Wen Y K.Minimum lifecycle cost design under multiple hazards[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2001,73(3):223-231
[13]Kameshwar S,Padgett J E.Multi-hazard risk assessment of highway bridges subjected to earthquake and hurricane hazards[J].Engineering Structures,2014,78(1):154-166
[14]Duthinh D,Simu E.Safety of structures in strong winds and earthquakes:multihazard considerations[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2010,136(3):330-333
[15]尹东屏,郑江蓉,赵凯.中国中强地震与天气异常探讨[J].自然灾害学报,1999,8(1):98-104(Yin dongping,Zhang jiangrong,Zhao kai.Research on relation between moderate and strong earthquake and climate anomaly in China[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,1999,8(1):98-104(in Chinese))
[16]Kappes M S,Keiler M,Glade T.From single-to multi-hazard risk analyses:a concept addressing emerging challenges[C]//Proceedings of the‘mountain risks’international conference Firenze.Italy:Bridging Science to Society,2010:351-356
[17]杨阳,李春,缪维跑,等.湍流风场与地震激励联合作用下的风力机结构动力学响应[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(21):136-143(Yang Yang,Li Chun,Miu Weipao,et al.Structural dynamic responses of a wind turbine under turbulent wind combined with seismic motion[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(21):136-143(in Chinese))
[18]Zuo H,Bi K,Hao H.Using multiple tuned mass dampers to control offshore wind turbine vibrations under multiple hazards[J].Engineering Structures,2017,141:303-315
[19]Asareh M A,Schonberg W,Volz J.Fragility analysis of a 5-MW NREL wind turbine considering aero-elastic and seismic interaction using finite element method[J].Finite Elements in Analysis&Design,2016,120(1):57-67
[20]高建国,杨德勇.大气、地震和地球自转速率[J].地震研究,1981,4(2):196-206
[21]GB 50011-2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010(GB 50011-2010 Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Building&Industry Press,2012(in Chinese))
[22]刘建彬.防屈曲支撑及防屈曲支撑钢框架设计理论研究[D].北京:清华大学,2005(Liu Jianbin.Research on the design theory of buckling-restrained braces and buckling-restrained braced frames[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2005(in Chinese))
[23]郭玉荣,黄民元.防屈曲耗能支撑钢管混凝土柱-钢梁组合框架子结构拟动力试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(11):62-68.(Guo Yurong,Huang Minyuan.Substructure pseudo-dynamic tests of a concrete filled steel tubular column-steel beam composite frame with buckling restrained braces[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(11):62-68(in Chinese))
[24]Mander J B,Priestley M J N,Park R.Theoretical stress‐strain model for confined concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1988,114(8):1804-1826
[25]Gu Q,Zona A,Peng Y,et al.Effect of buckling-restrained brace model parameters on seismic structural response[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2014,98(7):100-113
[26]Ang A H,Tang W H.Probability concepts in engineering planning:emphasis on applications to civil and environmental engineering[M].2nd Edition.Hoboken,NJ:John Wiley&Sons,2007
[27]刘晶波,刘阳冰,闫秋实,等.基于性能的方钢管混凝土框架结构地震易损性分析[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(2):39-47(Liu Jingbo,Liu Yangbing,Yan Qiushi,et al.Performance-based seismic fragility analysis of CFST frame structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(2):39-47(in Chinese))
[28]韩林海.钢管混凝土结构-理论与实践[M].第三版.北京:科学出版社,2007(Han Linhai.Concrete filled steel tubular structure-theory and application[M].3th Edition.Beijing:Science Press,2007(in Chinese))
[29]GB 50009-2012建筑结构荷载规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012(GB 50009-2012 Load code for the design of building structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2012(in Chinese))
[30]Augusti G,Ciampoli M.Performance-based design in risk assessment and reduction[J].Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,2008,23(4):496-508
[31]Kaimal J C,Wyngaard J C,Izumi Y,et al.Spectral characteristics of surface-layer turbulence[M].New jersey:John Wiley&Sons,1972
[32]Hao H,Oliveira C S,Penzien J.Multiple-station ground motion processing and simulation based on smart-1array data[J].Nuclear Engineering&Design,1989,111(3):293-310
[33]Li C,Hao H,Li H N,et al.Theoretical modeling and numerical simulation of seismic motions at seafloor[J].Soil Dynamics&Earthquake Engineering,2015,77:220-225
[34]Li C,Hao H,Li H N,et al.Modeling and simulation of spatially correlated ground motions at multiple onshore and offshore sites[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2017,21(3):359-383
[35]Smith V,Mahmoud H.Multihazard assessment of wind turbine towers under simultaneous application of wind,operation,and seismic loads[J].Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities,2016,30(6):04016043
[36]Cornell C A,Jalayer F,Hamburger R O,et al.Probabilistic basis for 2000 SAC federal emergency management agency steel moment frame guidelines[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2002,128(4):526-533
[37]Li C,Li H N,Hao H,et al.Seismic fragility analyses of sea-crossing cable-stayed bridges subjected to multi-support ground motions on offshore sites[J].Engineering Structures,2018,165:441-456
[38]CECS 230:2008高层建筑钢-混凝土混合结构设计规程[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2008(CECS 230:2008Specification for design of steel-concrete mixed structure of tall buildings[S].Beijing,China Planning Press,2008(in Chinese))
[39]Ramamoorthy S K,Gardoni P,Bracci J M,.Probabilistic demand models and fragility curves for reinforced concrete frames[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2006,132(10):1563-1572