柴油机轴瓦预紧状态下的润滑分析
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摘要
以船用低速柴油机主轴承轴瓦为研究对象,针对轴瓦在安装过程中受到的螺栓预紧力作用和工作过程中受到油膜压力作用进行仿真分析。应用有限差分法求解轴瓦油膜压力分布,利用有限元软件计算轴瓦安装时在预紧力作用下产生的形变量,模拟分析轴瓦在考虑和不考虑预紧力作用时,在油膜压力作用下的应力应变分布情况。结果表明:由于受到预紧力的作用,主轴承轴瓦两端面出现形变量的最大值;轴瓦在安装过程中受到预紧力作用而产生的应力应变较大,影响了工作过程中油膜压力对轴瓦的作用,因此在分析轴瓦工作时的应力应变情况时,不能忽略螺栓预紧力的影响;预紧力不仅影响轴瓦应力应变值的大小,同时改变应力应变值的变化规律。
Taking the main bearings of marine low-speed diesel engines as the research object,the simulation analysis was conducted on the pre-tightening force of the main bearing during the installation process and the oil film pressure during the working process. The finite element method was used to solve the main bearing oil film pressure distribution. The finite element software was used to calculate the amount of deformation caused by the pre-tightened force when the bearing bush was installed. The stress and strain of the bushing caused by the oil film pressure was simulated with and without considering the pre-tightening force of the bushing. The results show that the maximum value of the deformation appears at both ends of the main bearing bush due to the pre-tightening force. The stress and strain produced by the pre-tightened force during the installation process of the bearing bush are relatively large,hich affects the effect of the oil film pressure on the bearing bush during the working process. Therefore,the influence of the pre-tightening force cannot be ignored when analyzing the stress and strain conditions of the main bearing. Pre-tightening force not only affects the stress and strain value of bearing bush,but also changes the rule of stress strain value.
Taking the main bearings of marine low-speed diesel engines as the research object,the simulation analysis was conducted on the pre-tightening force of the main bearing during the installation process and the oil film pressure during the working process. The finite element method was used to solve the main bearing oil film pressure distribution. The finite element software was used to calculate the amount of deformation caused by the pre-tightened force when the bearing bush was installed. The stress and strain of the bushing caused by the oil film pressure was simulated with and without considering the pre-tightening force of the bushing. The results show that the maximum value of the deformation appears at both ends of the main bearing bush due to the pre-tightening force. The stress and strain produced by the pre-tightened force during the installation process of the bearing bush are relatively large,hich affects the effect of the oil film pressure on the bearing bush during the working process. Therefore,the influence of the pre-tightening force cannot be ignored when analyzing the stress and strain conditions of the main bearing. Pre-tightening force not only affects the stress and strain value of bearing bush,but also changes the rule of stress strain value.
引文
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[3]谢帆,荆建平,万召,等.基于有限差分法的径向滑动轴承油膜压力分布计算[J].润滑与密封,2012,37(2):12-15.XIE F,JING J P,WAN Z,et al.Calculation of oil film pressure distribution of journal bearing based on finite difference method[J].Lubrication Engineering,2012,37(2):12-15.
[4]钟崴,崔敏,童水光.油膜润滑条件下滑动轴承变形与应力数值模拟[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2012,46(7):1227-1232.ZHONG W,CUI M,TONG S G.Numerical simulation of deformation and stress in sliding bearing considering oil film lubrication[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2012,46(7):1227-1232.
[5]GERTZOS K P,NIKOLAKOPOULOS P G,PAPADOPOULOS CA.CFD analysis of journal bearing hydrodynamic lubrication by Bingham lubricant[J].Tribology International,2008,41(12):1190-1204.
[6]BURKEVELIZ A,WANG D,WAHDY N,et al.Plain bearing stresses due to forming and oil film pressure[J].Journal of Physics:Conference Series,2009,18(1):012010.1-8.
[7]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].4版.北京:清华大学出版社,2012.
[8]黄平.润滑数值计算方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2012.
[9]吉宏斌,王建梅,麻扬.考虑气穴影响的椭圆轴承油膜压力场研究[J].润滑与密封,2016,41(1):64-69.JI H B,WANG J M,MA Y.Research on oil-film pressure field of elliptic oil-film bearings with considering cavitation effect[J].Lubrication Engineering,2016,41(1):64-69.
[10]孟繁娟,杜永平.径向滑动轴承油膜压力分析[J].轴承,2008(1):23-25.MENG F J,DU Y P.Analysis of film pressure of radial sliding bearing[J].Bearing,2008(1):23-25.