苗床添加微生物肥料对植烟根际土壤微生物量碳氮的影响
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摘要
【目的】探究苗床添加不同微生物肥料对两种植烟根际土壤微生物量碳氮含量的影响。【方法】通过育苗和大田试验,采用EM(Effective Microorgnisms)肥料、木霉菌(Trichoderma)肥料和胶质芽孢杆菌(Bacillus mucilaginosus)肥料及其组合物均匀拌入苗床育苗基质的方式,研究其对植烟根际土壤微生物量碳氮含量的影响。【结果】苗床添加3种微生物肥料及其组合物均能不同程度提高红花大金元(Honghuadajinyuan)和云烟85(Yunyan 85)根际土壤微生物量碳氮含量。不同肥料处理下,微生物量碳氮在各个生育时期均以混合添加EM肥料和胶质芽孢杆菌肥料处理最高,分别比对照提高29.8%～120.1%和29.7%～122.1%。同一肥料处理下,随着烤烟生育期的推进,土壤微生物量碳氮含量总体呈现先增加后降低的趋势,且在团棵期或旺长期达到最大值。【结论】苗床混合添加EM肥料和胶质芽孢杆菌肥料可明显增加两种植烟根际土壤中微生物量碳氮含量,使土壤保持较高的微生物活性和肥力水平,有利于烤烟的可持续和高效生产。
【Objective】This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different microbial fertilizers and their combinations on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizosphere of two tobacco soil.【Method】Through seedling and field experiments,the effects of Effective Microorganisms(EM),Trichoderma harzianum,Bacillus muciaginosus and their combinations added into seedbed on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizosphere of tobacco soil were studied.【Result】With the addition of three microbial fertilizers and their combinations in seedbed,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizosphere of Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 85 were improved in different degree. Under the different fertilizer treatments,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen with the addition of the combination of EM and Bacillus muciaginosus were the highest in different growth periods,and increased by 29.8%-120.1%and 29.7%-122.1% than that of control,respectively. Under the same treatments,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were increased first and then decreased with the promotion of tobacco growth period,being the highest at the rosette or busy stage.【Conclusion】The content of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizosphere of two tobacco soil were increased significantly with adding EM and Bacillus mucilaginosus in seedbed,which make soil maintain high microbial activity and fertility level,and is beneficial to sustainable and efficient production of flue-cured tobacco.
【Objective】This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different microbial fertilizers and their combinations on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizosphere of two tobacco soil.【Method】Through seedling and field experiments,the effects of Effective Microorganisms(EM),Trichoderma harzianum,Bacillus muciaginosus and their combinations added into seedbed on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizosphere of tobacco soil were studied.【Result】With the addition of three microbial fertilizers and their combinations in seedbed,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizosphere of Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 85 were improved in different degree. Under the different fertilizer treatments,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen with the addition of the combination of EM and Bacillus muciaginosus were the highest in different growth periods,and increased by 29.8%-120.1%and 29.7%-122.1% than that of control,respectively. Under the same treatments,microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were increased first and then decreased with the promotion of tobacco growth period,being the highest at the rosette or busy stage.【Conclusion】The content of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in rhizosphere of two tobacco soil were increased significantly with adding EM and Bacillus mucilaginosus in seedbed,which make soil maintain high microbial activity and fertility level,and is beneficial to sustainable and efficient production of flue-cured tobacco.
引文
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[12]刘素慧,刘世琦,张自坤,等.EM对连作大蒜根际土壤微生物和酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(3):718-723.
[13]马锋敏.不同微生物菌剂对参后地土壤微生物影响的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2015.
[14]史静静,刘静洋,韩国民,等.棉花根际解钾细菌的生理活性和促生效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2012(4):87-90.
[15]张东,扈强,杜咏梅,等.植烟土壤酸化及改良技术研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2013,34(5):113-118.
[16]李银科,王菲,羊波,等.土壤p H值对烟叶化学成分和品质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(12):98-100.
[17]王富国,宋琳,冯艳,等.不同种植年限酸化果园土壤微生物学性状的研究[J].土壤通报,2011,43(1):46-50.
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1999.
[19]吴金水,林启美,黄巧云,等.土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006.
[20]张明,白震.长期施肥农田黑土微生物量碳氮季节性变化[J].生态环境,2007,16(5):1498-1503.
[21]王光华,金剑.不同土地管理方式对黑土土壤微生物量碳和酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(6):1275-1280.
[22]薛菁芳,高艳梅,汪景宽,等.土壤微生物量碳氮作为土壤肥力指标的探讨[J].土壤通报,2007,38(2):247-250.
[23]邹莉,于洋,孙婷婷,等.原始红松林土壤微生物量动态及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].草业科学,2014,31(1):15-21.
[24]张硕,张士荣,巩小红,等.有机肥混施对烤烟根际土壤酶活性及微生物碳氮含量的影响[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,33(1):35-39.
[25]徐永刚,宇万太,马强,等.长期不同施肥制度对潮棕壤微生物生物量碳氮及细菌群落结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(8):2078-2085.
[26]李正,刘国顺,敬海霞,等.翻压绿肥对植烟土壤微生物量及酶活性的影响[J].草业学报,2011,20(3):225-232.
[27]李阳波.施肥对烤烟产质量及土壤微生物的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.
[2]毕明丽,宇万太,姜子绍,等.施肥和土壤管理对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮和群落结构的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(1):32-42.
[3]YUSUF A A,ABAIDOO R C,IWUAFOR E N O,et al.Rotation effects of grain legumes and fallow on maize yield,microbial biomass and chemical properties of an Alfisol in the Nigerian savanna[J].Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment,2009,129(1/3):325-331.
[4]WANG X L,JIA Y,LI X G,et al.Effects of land use on soil total and light fraction organic,and microbial biomass C and N in a semi-arid ecosystem of northwest China[J].Geoderma,2009,153(1/2):285-290.
[5]吴建国,艾丽.祁连山3种典型生态系统土壤微生物活性和生物量碳氮含量[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):465-476.
[6]张剑,汪思龙,王清奎,等.不同森林植被下土壤活性有机碳含量及其季节变化[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(1):41-47.
[7]侯化亭,张丛志,张佳宝,等.不同施肥水平及玉米种植对土壤微生物生物量碳氮的影响[J].土壤,2012,44(1):163-166.
[8]马晓霞,王莲莲,黎青慧,等.长期施肥对玉米生育期土壤微生物量碳氮及酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(17):5502-5511.
[9]张杰琼,方凤满,余健,等.淮南大通矿区复垦土壤微生物量碳氮的分布特征[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(3):267-270.
[10]朱新玉,胡云川,芦杰.豫东黄河故道湿地土壤生物学性状及土壤质量评价[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(2):27-32.
[11]王涛,乔卫花,李玉奇,等.轮作和微生物菌肥对黄瓜连作土壤理化性状及生物活性的影响[J].土壤通报,2011,42(3):578-583.
[12]刘素慧,刘世琦,张自坤,等.EM对连作大蒜根际土壤微生物和酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(3):718-723.
[13]马锋敏.不同微生物菌剂对参后地土壤微生物影响的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2015.
[14]史静静,刘静洋,韩国民,等.棉花根际解钾细菌的生理活性和促生效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2012(4):87-90.
[15]张东,扈强,杜咏梅,等.植烟土壤酸化及改良技术研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2013,34(5):113-118.
[16]李银科,王菲,羊波,等.土壤p H值对烟叶化学成分和品质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(12):98-100.
[17]王富国,宋琳,冯艳,等.不同种植年限酸化果园土壤微生物学性状的研究[J].土壤通报,2011,43(1):46-50.
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1999.
[19]吴金水,林启美,黄巧云,等.土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006.
[20]张明,白震.长期施肥农田黑土微生物量碳氮季节性变化[J].生态环境,2007,16(5):1498-1503.
[21]王光华,金剑.不同土地管理方式对黑土土壤微生物量碳和酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(6):1275-1280.
[22]薛菁芳,高艳梅,汪景宽,等.土壤微生物量碳氮作为土壤肥力指标的探讨[J].土壤通报,2007,38(2):247-250.
[23]邹莉,于洋,孙婷婷,等.原始红松林土壤微生物量动态及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].草业科学,2014,31(1):15-21.
[24]张硕,张士荣,巩小红,等.有机肥混施对烤烟根际土壤酶活性及微生物碳氮含量的影响[J].青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,33(1):35-39.
[25]徐永刚,宇万太,马强,等.长期不同施肥制度对潮棕壤微生物生物量碳氮及细菌群落结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(8):2078-2085.
[26]李正,刘国顺,敬海霞,等.翻压绿肥对植烟土壤微生物量及酶活性的影响[J].草业学报,2011,20(3):225-232.
[27]李阳波.施肥对烤烟产质量及土壤微生物的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2015.