电气化铁路飞轮储能技术研究
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摘要
电气化铁路是一类负荷波动剧烈的大宗工业电力用户,牵引负荷功率峰值不仅在技术上引起以负序为主的电能质量问题,还在经济上直接关乎用户效益。根据牵引负荷峰谷特性,对飞轮储能装置变流器的控制策略及能量管理策略进行分析,提出基于牵引负荷功率来控制飞轮充放电的能量管理策略;结合电气化铁路运行图以日为固定周期的特点,以历史运行数据为基础,进一步提出利用牵引负荷统计值来选取充放电控制阈值,并对该方法下确定的阈值进行案例分析。最后进行仿真和实物验证,结果表明,由于飞轮储能装置的加入,可以减少牵引变压器的基本容量减少电费,同时也可降低负序电流与电压不平衡度,从而改善电网侧电能质量。
Electrified railway belongs to a large industrial user. The peak power of traction load not only causes the power quality problems mainly caused by negative sequence, but also directly affects the users' benefit in economy. According to the characteristics of the peak and valley of the traction load, the control strategy and energy management strategy of flywheel energy storage device converter were analyzed, and an energy management strategy based on traction load power to control flywheel charging and discharging was proposed. Combined with the characteristics of electrified railway operation diagram that is characterized by a fixed period of days, based on the historical data, this paper further proposed the use of the statistical value of traction load to select the threshold of charge and discharge control, and maked a case analysis of the threshold determined under this method. Finally, simulation and physical verification were carried out. The results show that the basic capacity of the traction transformer can be reduced by the addition of the flywheel energy storage device.At the same time, the negative sequence current and the voltage imbalance can be reduced and the power quality of the power grid side can be improved.
Electrified railway belongs to a large industrial user. The peak power of traction load not only causes the power quality problems mainly caused by negative sequence, but also directly affects the users' benefit in economy. According to the characteristics of the peak and valley of the traction load, the control strategy and energy management strategy of flywheel energy storage device converter were analyzed, and an energy management strategy based on traction load power to control flywheel charging and discharging was proposed. Combined with the characteristics of electrified railway operation diagram that is characterized by a fixed period of days, based on the historical data, this paper further proposed the use of the statistical value of traction load to select the threshold of charge and discharge control, and maked a case analysis of the threshold determined under this method. Finally, simulation and physical verification were carried out. The results show that the basic capacity of the traction transformer can be reduced by the addition of the flywheel energy storage device.At the same time, the negative sequence current and the voltage imbalance can be reduced and the power quality of the power grid side can be improved.
引文
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[20]毕文骏.基于飞轮储能的地铁再生制动能量利用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.Bi Wenjun.The study of subway braking energy utilization based on flywheel energy storage[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2016(in Chinese).
[2]赵艺,李子晗,李群湛,等.一种电气化铁路储能供电装置及其控制方法:中国,CN107294102A[P].2017-10-24.Zhao Yi,Li Zihan,Li Qunzhan,et al.Electric railway energy storage power supply device and control method thereof:CN,CN107294102A[P].2017-10-24(in Chinese).
[3]柳丹.牵引系统中三相电压允许不平衡度测量与计算的研究[D].保定:华北电力大学(河北),2009.Liu Dan.Research on measurement and calculation of three-phase voltage unbalance factor standard for traction system[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University,2009(in Chinese).
[4]Xu Song,Wang Haifeng.Simulation and analysis of back-to-back PWM converter for flywheel energy storage system[C]//Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems.Sapporo,Japan:IEEE,2012:1-5.
[5]Suvire G O,Mercado P E.Active power control of a flywheel energy storage system for wind energy applications[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2012,6(1):9-16.
[6]Ogasa M,Taguchi Y.Power flow control for hybrid electric vehicles using trolley power and on-board batteries[J].Quarterly Report of RTRI,2007,48(1):30-36.
[7]Iannuzzi D,Tricoli P.Optimal control strategy of onboard supercapacitor storage system for light railway vehicles[C]//Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.Bari,Italy:IEEE,2010:280-285.
[8]Wang L,Yu J Y,Chen Y T.Dynamic stability improvement of an integrated offshore wind and marine-current farm using a flywheel energy-storage system[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2011,5(5):387-396.
[9]Lazarewicz M L,Rojas A.Grid frequency regulation by recycling electrical energy in flywheels[C]//Proceedings of IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.Denver,CO,USA:IEEE,2004,2:2038-2042.
[10]Scholten J.直流车辆用蓄能器[J].王渤洪,译.变流技术与电力牵引,2004(5):45-48.Scholten J.Energy storage on board of DC railway vehicles[J].Wang Bohong,Trans.Converter Technology&Electric Traction,2004(5):45-48(in Chinese).
[11]张步涵,曾杰,毛承雄,等.电池储能系统在改善并网风电场电能质量和稳定性中的应用[J].电网技术,2006,30(15):54-58.Zhang Buhan,Zeng Jie,Mao Chengxiong,et al.Improvement of power quality and stability of wind farms connected to power grid by battery energy storage system[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(15):54-58(in Chinese).
[12]王子冰.新能源发电中的储能系统控制技术研究[D].北京:北方工业大学,2014.Wang Zibing.Research on the control technology of the system in new energy power generation energy storage[D].Beijing:North China University of Technology,2014(in Chinese).
[13]赵波,包侃侃,徐志成,等.考虑需求侧响应的光储并网型微电网优化配置[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(21):5465-5474.Zhao Bo,Bao Kankan,Xu Zhicheng,et al.Optimal sizing for grid-connected PV-and-storage Microgrid considering demand response[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(21):5465-5474(in Chinese).
[14]曾意,孔祥玉,胡启安,等.考虑后备容量的微电网储能充放电策略[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1519-1525.Zeng Yi,Kong Xiangyu,Hu Qi’an,et al.Energy storage strategy in Microgrid considering reserve capacity[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1519-1525(in Chinese).
[15]夏欢,杨中平,杨志鸿,等.基于列车运行状态的城轨超级电容储能装置控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(21):16-23.Xia Huan,Yang Zhongping,Yang Zhihong,et al.Control Strategy of supercapacitor energy storage system for urban rail transit based on operating status of trains[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(21):16-23(in Chinese).
[16]赵亚杰,夏欢,王俊兴,等.基于动态阈值调节的城轨交通超级电容储能系统控制策略研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):427-433.Zhao Yajie,Xia Huan,Wang Junxing,et al.Control strategy of Ultracapacitor storage system in urban mass transit system based on dynamic voltage threshold[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):427-433(in Chinese).
[17]李旭阳.城轨交通超级电容储能系统在线优化控制策略研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2017.Li Xuyang.Research on On-line optimal control strategy of urban rail transit super-capacitor energy storage system[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2017(in Chinese).
[18]Chen Xu,Li Haiying,Miao Jianrui,et al.Amultiagent-based model for pedestrian simulation in subway stations[J].Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2017,71:134-148.
[19]梁荣.飞轮储能电力变换器的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2011.Liang Rong.Research on the power converter of flywheel energy storage system[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2011(in Chinese).
[20]毕文骏.基于飞轮储能的地铁再生制动能量利用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.Bi Wenjun.The study of subway braking energy utilization based on flywheel energy storage[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2016(in Chinese).
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