煤矿隐伏断层递进导升突水的临界判据及物理模拟研究
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摘要
为解决煤层底板隐伏断层突水的难题,以递进导升及断裂力学原理为基础,建立了断层递进导升简化断裂力学模型,推导了递进导升突水临界力学解析式和断层到底板破坏区的最小安全距离,然后利用相似材料模拟实验研究底板隐伏断层递进导升过程。实验结果表明:底板隐伏断层在采动影响下,尖端的应力发生了集中,应力强度因子增加,当其超过临界值时,即发生扩展,导升高度增加,随机应力得以释放;随着工作面的推进,应力再次集中,强度因子再次增加,当其再次达到临界值时,导升高度再次升高,达到底板破坏区的最小安全距离发生突水,递进导升突水强度随初始导水高度的增加而增加、随岩层强度降低而增强。隐伏断层初始发育自然导升高度越大,其递进导升破坏越强烈,导致沟通煤层底板更易发生突水现象。
In order to solve the problem of concealed hidden fault water inrush in the coal floor,the simplified fracture mechanical principle model of buried fault progressive ascending was established in this study.The critical mechanical analytical formula was deduced and the minimum safe distance between fault and damage area of footwall was calculated.Experiments were conducted to simulate the process of buried fault progressive ascending by employing the similar material.There was stress concentration in the tip of buried fault under the mining effect.The stress intensity factor increased beyond the critical value,consequently,the expansion happened,which led to lift height increase and released random stress.With the face advancing,the stress concentrated,the intensity factor increased and exceeded a critical value once again.Water inrush would occur when the lift height increased and reached the minimum distance of footwall destruction area.The intensity of water inrush increased with the increase of the initial water conduction height and the decrease of the rock strength.If the natural initial lift height of blind fault was higher,the progressive lift destruc-tion would be stronger,which would easily lead to the water inrush in the footwall of coal seams.
In order to solve the problem of concealed hidden fault water inrush in the coal floor,the simplified fracture mechanical principle model of buried fault progressive ascending was established in this study.The critical mechanical analytical formula was deduced and the minimum safe distance between fault and damage area of footwall was calculated.Experiments were conducted to simulate the process of buried fault progressive ascending by employing the similar material.There was stress concentration in the tip of buried fault under the mining effect.The stress intensity factor increased beyond the critical value,consequently,the expansion happened,which led to lift height increase and released random stress.With the face advancing,the stress concentrated,the intensity factor increased and exceeded a critical value once again.Water inrush would occur when the lift height increased and reached the minimum distance of footwall destruction area.The intensity of water inrush increased with the increase of the initial water conduction height and the decrease of the rock strength.If the natural initial lift height of blind fault was higher,the progressive lift destruc-tion would be stronger,which would easily lead to the water inrush in the footwall of coal seams.
引文
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[14]陈忠辉,胡正平,李辉,等.煤矿隐伏断层突水的断裂力学模型及力学判据[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(5):673-677.CHEN Zhonghui,HU Zhengping,LI Hui,et al.Research on water inrush from the blind fault of coal floor by physical experiment[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2011,40(5):673-677.
[15]杨登峰,柴茂,江博文,等.底板隐伏断层采动活化突水的断裂力学分析[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(9):198-201.YANG Dengfeng,CHAI Mao,JIANG Bowen,et al.Fracture mechanics analysis on water Inrush by mining-induced activation of floor containing hidden faults[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(9):198-201.
[16]PANG Yihui,WANG Guofa,DING Ziwei.Mechanical model of water inrush from coal seam floor based on triaxial seepage experiments[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology2014,1(4):428-433.
[17]于骁中,谯常忻,周群力.岩石和混凝土断裂力学[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1991.
[2]张文泉,张广鹏.煤层底板突水危险性的Fisher判别分析模型[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(10):1932-1836.ZHANG Wenquan,ZHANG Guangpeng.A model of Fisher’s discriminant analysis for evaluating water inrush risk from coal seam floor[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(10):1932-1836.
[3]武强,李博.煤层底板突水变权评价中变权区间及调权参数确定方法[J].煤炭学报,2016,46(9):2143-2148.WU Qiang,LI Bo.Determination of variable weight interval and adjust weight parameters in the variable weight assessment model of water-inrush from coal floor[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,46(9):2143-2148.
[4]武强.我国矿井水防控与资源化利用的研究进展、问题和展望[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(5):795-805.WU Qiang.Progress,problems and prospects of prevention and control technology of mine water and reutilization in China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(5):795-805.
[5]PENG Suping.Letter from chief editor[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(1):1-3.
[6]刘志军,胡耀青.承压水上采煤断层突水的固流耦合研究[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(10):1046-1050.LIU Zhijun,HU Yaoqing.Solid-liquid couplingstudy on water inrush through faults in coal mining above confined aquifer[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(10):1046-1050.
[7]武强,周英杰,刘金韬,等.煤层底板断层滞后型突水时效机理的力学试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(6):561-565.WU Qiang,ZHOU Yingjie,LIU Jintao,et al.Themechanical experiment study on lag mechanism of waterbursting of fault under coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(6):561-565.
[8]WU Q,WANG M,WU X.Investigations of groundwater bursting into coal mine seam floors from fault zones[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(4):557-571.
[9]黄润秋,王贤能,陈龙生.深埋隧道涌水过程的水力劈裂作用分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):573-576.HUANG Runqiu,WANG Xianneng,CHEN Longsheng.Hydro-splitting of analysis on underground water in deep lying tunnels and its effect on water gushing out[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):573-576.
[10]张勇,庞义辉.基于应力-渗流耦合理论的突水力学模型[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(5):659-664.ZHANG Yong,PANG Yihui.Water-inrush mechanical model based on a theory of coupled stress-seepage[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2010,39(5):659-664.
[11]王经明.承压水沿煤层底板递进导升突水机理的模拟与观测[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(5):546-549.WANG Jingming.In-situ measurement and physical analogue on water inrush from coal floor induced by progressive intrusion of artesian water into protective aquiclude[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1999,21(5):546-549.
[12]黄浩,王经明.煤层底板隐伏断层突水的物理实验研究[J].华北科技学院学报,2015,12(1):11-16.HUANG Hao,WANG Jingmin.Research on water inrush from the blind fault of coal floor by physical experiment[J].Journal of North China Institute of Science and Technology,2015,12(1):11-16.
[13]黄浩.煤层底板隐伏充水断层扩展的模拟实验研究[D].廊坊:华北科技学院,2015.HUANG Hao.Study on expansion of concealed water filling fault in coal floor by simulation experiments[J].Langfang:North China Institute of Science and Technology,2015.
[14]陈忠辉,胡正平,李辉,等.煤矿隐伏断层突水的断裂力学模型及力学判据[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(5):673-677.CHEN Zhonghui,HU Zhengping,LI Hui,et al.Research on water inrush from the blind fault of coal floor by physical experiment[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2011,40(5):673-677.
[15]杨登峰,柴茂,江博文,等.底板隐伏断层采动活化突水的断裂力学分析[J].煤矿安全,2016,47(9):198-201.YANG Dengfeng,CHAI Mao,JIANG Bowen,et al.Fracture mechanics analysis on water Inrush by mining-induced activation of floor containing hidden faults[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2016,47(9):198-201.
[16]PANG Yihui,WANG Guofa,DING Ziwei.Mechanical model of water inrush from coal seam floor based on triaxial seepage experiments[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology2014,1(4):428-433.
[17]于骁中,谯常忻,周群力.岩石和混凝土断裂力学[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1991.