旧院黑鸡绿壳蛋群体的筛选及其与东乡绿壳蛋鸡纯系杂交后代的生产性能杂种优势分析
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摘要
【目的】旨在获得更佳的绿壳蛋鸡杂交组合。【方法】应用绿壳蛋分子标记方法筛选出旧院黑鸡(JY系)绿壳蛋阳性纯合子公鸡,并将其与绿壳蛋鸡(LK系,引进自江西)母鸡杂交,观察比较杂交组合(JL)和亲本(JY、LK)的外貌、生产性能,并计算杂种优势率。【结果】杂交组合JL表现出乌冠、乌羽、乌皮、黑胫的外貌特征,且绿壳蛋率接近100%。与亲本相比,JL杂交组合在早期体重、开产蛋重、300日龄产蛋量、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度等指标表现出明显的正向杂种优势;在开产体重、开产日龄、300日龄体重、蛋壳颜色、蛋白高度、哈氏单位等表现出负向杂种优势。【结论】试验应用绿壳基因显性纯合子的分子标记辅助选择技术,获得了绿壳蛋率100%、外貌特征理想且生产性能优于JY系与LK系的绿壳蛋鸡杂交组合JL。
【Objective】To obtain better commercial cross of green-shell chickens.【Method】In the present study,the molecular marker assistant method was used to screen the roosters of Jiuyuan black chickens. We kept the homozygotes of green-shell hens, and then mated them with the females of the line green-shell chicken(abbreviated as LK, originated from Dongxiang, Jiangxi province). We also compared the appearance and productive performance of the crosses line(JL) and the pure lines(JY and LK) respectively, and calculated the heterosis rates of the crosses for quite a few traits.【Result】The results showed that the cross had black crown, feather, skin, and shank,and its green-shell eggs rate reached about 100%. Compared with the pure lines, the cross line obviously had higher performance of positive heterosis for early body weight, the average first egg weight, egg production for 300 days,eggshell thickness and eggshell strength. Meanwhile, there were also some negative heterosis for body weight at first egg, the age at first egg, the body weight at 300 days, eggshell color, albumen height and haugh unit.【Conclusion】In the present study, we applied the molecular marker in selecting dominant homozygotes of green-shell hens, and conformed the mating system which produce the birds with ideal appearance and superior production performance,compared with their parents JY and LK.The laying rate of green-shell hens of the cross reached 100%.
【Objective】To obtain better commercial cross of green-shell chickens.【Method】In the present study,the molecular marker assistant method was used to screen the roosters of Jiuyuan black chickens. We kept the homozygotes of green-shell hens, and then mated them with the females of the line green-shell chicken(abbreviated as LK, originated from Dongxiang, Jiangxi province). We also compared the appearance and productive performance of the crosses line(JL) and the pure lines(JY and LK) respectively, and calculated the heterosis rates of the crosses for quite a few traits.【Result】The results showed that the cross had black crown, feather, skin, and shank,and its green-shell eggs rate reached about 100%. Compared with the pure lines, the cross line obviously had higher performance of positive heterosis for early body weight, the average first egg weight, egg production for 300 days,eggshell thickness and eggshell strength. Meanwhile, there were also some negative heterosis for body weight at first egg, the age at first egg, the body weight at 300 days, eggshell color, albumen height and haugh unit.【Conclusion】In the present study, we applied the molecular marker in selecting dominant homozygotes of green-shell hens, and conformed the mating system which produce the birds with ideal appearance and superior production performance,compared with their parents JY and LK.The laying rate of green-shell hens of the cross reached 100%.
引文
[1]曲亮,徐小林,王克华,等.辣椒粉对苏禽绿壳蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、血清脂质和蛋黄胆固醇含量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(5):1340-1346.
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[4]王晨,张丹萍,张浩,等.5个绿壳蛋鸡群体中EAV-HP在SLCO1B3基因5′-非编码区插入整合频率和类型的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(10):183-188.
[5]孙研研,李冬立,李云雷,等.不同配套模式北京油鸡蛋用性能杂种优势分析[J].中国家禽,2017,39(21):6-10.
[6]何燕,王金富,赵洁,等.家鸡豆冠基因定位的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2010,37(9):78-81.
[7]朱庆,周海龙.乌骨鸡黑色素生成的分子机理[J].中国家禽,2003,7(s1):115-117.
[8]王哲鹏,陈晓,刘福柱,等.略阳乌鸡肤色变异与FM突变的关联性分析[J].中国家禽,2014,36(21):7-11.
[9]吴常信.优质鸡生产中杂种优势利用的相关问题[J].中国家禽,1999,21(5):l-2.
[10]严华祥,蔡霞,徐志刚.贵妃鸡与高产蛋鸡杂交后代性能观察[J].中国家禽,2014,36(22):8-11.
[11]王宏胜,施会强.京海黄鸡三系配套系杂种优势分析[J].中国家禽,2017,39(7):63-66.
[12]俞亚波,顾云飞,施会强,等.京海黄鸡为第一母本二系、三系杂交后代生产性能分析[J].中国家禽,2017(24):66-68.
[13]宁中华,王忠,徐桂云,等.高产蛋鸡放养对生产性能和鸡蛋品质的影响[J].中国家禽,2004,26(6):12-14.
[14]汪全生,庞利娜,邵磊,等.开产前体重对“京粉1号”父母代蛋种鸡生产性能的影响[J].中国家禽,2017,39(20):63-66.
[15]彭星,韦荣学,赵小玲,等.二郎山山地鸡肉用系SD02、SD03品系第一、二世代产蛋性能选育效果分析[J].四川农业大学学报,2013,31(2):208-210.
[16]李国辉,韩威,张会永,等.芦花鸡H系生长及累积产蛋数曲线拟合分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(20):60-62.
[17]邓炳真,温丽华,麦剑威,等.南海黄麻鸡不同产蛋阶段蛋品质研究[J].中国家禽,2016,38(5):10-13.
[18]刘子豪,韩顺顺,邹云峰,等.彭县黄鸡不同产蛋日龄蛋品质比较分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(14):13-16.
[19]JONES D R,ANDERSON K E,CURTIS P A,et al.Microbial contamination in inoculated shell eggs:I.Effects of layer strain and hen age[J].Poultry Science,2002,81(5):715.
[20]李光奇,樊世杰,韩文朋,等.褐壳蛋蛋壳颜色与鸡蛋品质相关性分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(23):10-13.
[21]曾东慧.柑橘果皮类胡萝卜素提取物对鸡蛋蛋黄中类胡萝卜素成分及其色泽影响的研究[D].杭州:浙江师范大学,2013.
[22]王晶,杨林林,张海军,等.吡咯喹啉醌二钠对产蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化状态和血浆生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(2):667-677.
[2]WANG Z,QU L,YAO J,et al.An EAV-HP insertion in 5′flanking region of SLCO1B3 causes blue eggshell in the chicken[J].Plos Genetics,2013,9(1):e1003183.
[3]MONTGOMERY G W,SISE J A.Extraction of DNA from sheep white blood cells[J].New Zealand Jouma l of Agricultural Research,1990,33(3):437-441.
[4]王晨,张丹萍,张浩,等.5个绿壳蛋鸡群体中EAV-HP在SLCO1B3基因5′-非编码区插入整合频率和类型的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(10):183-188.
[5]孙研研,李冬立,李云雷,等.不同配套模式北京油鸡蛋用性能杂种优势分析[J].中国家禽,2017,39(21):6-10.
[6]何燕,王金富,赵洁,等.家鸡豆冠基因定位的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2010,37(9):78-81.
[7]朱庆,周海龙.乌骨鸡黑色素生成的分子机理[J].中国家禽,2003,7(s1):115-117.
[8]王哲鹏,陈晓,刘福柱,等.略阳乌鸡肤色变异与FM突变的关联性分析[J].中国家禽,2014,36(21):7-11.
[9]吴常信.优质鸡生产中杂种优势利用的相关问题[J].中国家禽,1999,21(5):l-2.
[10]严华祥,蔡霞,徐志刚.贵妃鸡与高产蛋鸡杂交后代性能观察[J].中国家禽,2014,36(22):8-11.
[11]王宏胜,施会强.京海黄鸡三系配套系杂种优势分析[J].中国家禽,2017,39(7):63-66.
[12]俞亚波,顾云飞,施会强,等.京海黄鸡为第一母本二系、三系杂交后代生产性能分析[J].中国家禽,2017(24):66-68.
[13]宁中华,王忠,徐桂云,等.高产蛋鸡放养对生产性能和鸡蛋品质的影响[J].中国家禽,2004,26(6):12-14.
[14]汪全生,庞利娜,邵磊,等.开产前体重对“京粉1号”父母代蛋种鸡生产性能的影响[J].中国家禽,2017,39(20):63-66.
[15]彭星,韦荣学,赵小玲,等.二郎山山地鸡肉用系SD02、SD03品系第一、二世代产蛋性能选育效果分析[J].四川农业大学学报,2013,31(2):208-210.
[16]李国辉,韩威,张会永,等.芦花鸡H系生长及累积产蛋数曲线拟合分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(20):60-62.
[17]邓炳真,温丽华,麦剑威,等.南海黄麻鸡不同产蛋阶段蛋品质研究[J].中国家禽,2016,38(5):10-13.
[18]刘子豪,韩顺顺,邹云峰,等.彭县黄鸡不同产蛋日龄蛋品质比较分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(14):13-16.
[19]JONES D R,ANDERSON K E,CURTIS P A,et al.Microbial contamination in inoculated shell eggs:I.Effects of layer strain and hen age[J].Poultry Science,2002,81(5):715.
[20]李光奇,樊世杰,韩文朋,等.褐壳蛋蛋壳颜色与鸡蛋品质相关性分析[J].中国家禽,2016,38(23):10-13.
[21]曾东慧.柑橘果皮类胡萝卜素提取物对鸡蛋蛋黄中类胡萝卜素成分及其色泽影响的研究[D].杭州:浙江师范大学,2013.
[22]王晶,杨林林,张海军,等.吡咯喹啉醌二钠对产蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化状态和血浆生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(2):667-677.
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