Halbach交替极永磁同步直线电机特性分析
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摘要
提出一种Halbach交替极永磁同步直线电机(HCP-PMLSM),利用有限元法对隐极、交替极和Halbach交替极三种次级结构永磁同步直线电机的空载电动势、电磁推力、磁阻力及推力波动等电磁特性进行计算与对比,并优化了HCP-PMLSM的磁极尺寸,以进一步提高其推力。针对HCP-PMLSM推力波动偏大的问题,提出一种次级双边错齿结构HCP-PMLSM对推力波动进行抑制,并分析了HCP-PMLSM的自感、反电动势、推力和推力波动等电磁特性。最后,制作了双边错齿结构HCP-PMLSM样机,并进行了实验,实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。
In this paper, a Halbach consequent-pole permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(HCP-PMLSM) is proposed. For the three different motor configurations of non-salient PMLSM(NSPMLSM), Consequent-pole PMLSM(CP-PMLSM) and HCP-PMLSM, their characteristics such as no-load back electromotive force(EMF), electromagnetic thrust, detent force and thrust fluctuation are calculated and compared by finite element method(FEM) in detail. The secondary pole size of HCPPMLSM is optimized to increase the thrust output. Furthermore, to obtain minimum force ripple for the HCP-PMLSM, a secondary staggered tooth structure scheme is presented to suppress thrust fluctuation.And the electromagnetic characteristics such as self-inductance, back EMF, thrust and thrust fluctuation for this structure scheme are investigated. Finally, a prototype of staggered tooth HCP-PMLSM is manufactured and experiments were carried out. The experimental results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
In this paper, a Halbach consequent-pole permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(HCP-PMLSM) is proposed. For the three different motor configurations of non-salient PMLSM(NSPMLSM), Consequent-pole PMLSM(CP-PMLSM) and HCP-PMLSM, their characteristics such as no-load back electromotive force(EMF), electromagnetic thrust, detent force and thrust fluctuation are calculated and compared by finite element method(FEM) in detail. The secondary pole size of HCPPMLSM is optimized to increase the thrust output. Furthermore, to obtain minimum force ripple for the HCP-PMLSM, a secondary staggered tooth structure scheme is presented to suppress thrust fluctuation.And the electromagnetic characteristics such as self-inductance, back EMF, thrust and thrust fluctuation for this structure scheme are investigated. Finally, a prototype of staggered tooth HCP-PMLSM is manufactured and experiments were carried out. The experimental results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
引文
[1]Xu Baoyu,Wang Xudong,Wang Yulin,et al.Finite element method and experimental modal analysis of PMLSM for ropeless elevator[C]//IEEE Conference and Expo Transportation Electrification Asia-Pacific,Beijing,China,2014:1-6.
[2]Lu Qinfen,Yao Yihua,Ye Yunyue,et al.Research on ropeless elevator driven by PMLSM[C]//Eleventh International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies,Monte Carlo,Monaco,2016:1-6.
[3]汪旭东.PMLSM垂直提升系统的应用研究[C]//全国直线电机、现代驱动及系统学术年会,焦作,2010:7-16.Wang Xudong.Application research of elevate system based on PMLSM[C]//National Conference on Linear Motors and Modern Drive Systems,Jiaozuo,2010:7-16.
[4]王利.现代直线电机关键控制技术及其应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[5]Chung S U,Lee H J,Hwang S M.A novel design of linear synchronous motor using FRM topology[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2008,44(6):1514-1517.
[6]Chung S U,Lee H J,Hong D K,et al.Development of flux reversal linear synchronous motor for precision position control[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2011,12(3):443-450.
[7]Chung S U,Kim J W,Woo B C,et al.Force ripple and magnetic unbalance reduction design for doubly salient permanent magnet linear synchronous motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):4207-4210.
[8]Chung S U,Lee H J,Hong D K,et al.Development of flux reversal linear synchronous motor for precision position control[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2011,12(3):443-450.
[9]Chung S U,Kim J M,Woo B C,et al.Development of doubly salient permanent magnet linear synchronous motor for general-purpose automation applications[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2013,14(12):2075-2080.
[10]Chung S U,Kim J W,Chun Y D,et al.Fractional slot concentrated winding PMSM with consequent pole rotor for a low-speed direct drive:reduction of rare earth permanent magnet[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2015,30(1):103-109.
[11]Wu Zhongze,Zhu Z Q.Partitioned stator flux reversal machine with consequent-pole PM stator[J].IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion,2015,30(4):1472-1482.
[12]Chung S U,Lee H J,Woo B C,et al.A feasibility study on a new doubly salient permanent magnet linear synchronous machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2010,46(6):1572-1575.
[13]Li Jian,Wang Kai,Li Feng.Analytical prediction of optimal split ratio of consequent-pole permanent magnet machines[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2018,12(3):365-372.
[14]Zhu Z Q.Recent development of halbach permanent magnet machines and applications[C]//Power Conversion Conference-Nagoya,Nagoya,Japan,2007:K-9-K-16.
[15]徐衍亮,姚福安,房建成.Halbach磁体结构电动机及其与常规磁体结构电动机的比较研究(I)--磁体结构及有导磁铁心电动机的对比研究[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(2):79-83.Xu Yanliang,Yao Fuan,Fang Jiancheng.Halbach array permanent magnet machine and performance comparison with the normal array one(I)-halbach array structure and comparison of different magnet array machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2004,19(2):79-83.
[16]徐衍亮,姚福安,房建成.HALBACH磁体结构电动机及其与常规磁体结构电动机的比较研究(II)--无导磁铁心电机的对比研究及样机实验[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(6):58-62.Xu Yanliang,Yao Fuan,Fang Jiancheng.Halbach array permanent magnet machine and its performance comparison with the normal array one(II)-comparison of different magnet array ironless machine and prototype experiment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2004,19(6):58-62.
[17]崔皆凡,蒋莉莉,王贺敏,等.Halbach磁体结构应用于永磁直线同步电机的研究[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2007,29(4):400-403.Cui Jiefan,Jiang Lili,Wang Hemin,et al.Research on permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with Halbach array[J].Journal of Shenyang University of Technology,2007,29(4):400-403.
[18]曹永娟,黄允凯,金龙,等.磁极组合型轴向磁场无铁心永磁电机的设计与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):903-909.Cao Yongjuan,Huang Yunkai,Jin Long,et al.Design and analysis of a stator coreless axial-flux permanent magnet machine with module poles[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(6):903-909.
[19]Zhang Xu,Wang Xudong,Xu Xiaozhuo,et al.Slotpole combinations research of permanent-magnet linear synchronous motor with concentrated windings[C]//2014 17th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,Hangzhou,China,2014:1322-1325.
[20]Wang Xudong,Zhang Zan,Xu Xiaozhuo,et al.Influence of using conditions on the performance of PM linear synchronous motor for ropeless elevator[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,Beijing,China,2011:1-5.
[21]许孝卓,汪旭东,封海潮,等.分数槽集中绕组永磁同步直线电机磁场解析计算[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):122-129.Xu Xiaozhuo,Wang Xudong,Feng Haichao,et al.Magnetic field calculation of the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with fractional-slot concentrated windings[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):122-129.
[22]韩守亮,崔淑梅,王铁成,等.分数槽集中绕组永磁电机在模块化级联电机系统上的应用[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(3):9-16.Han Shouliang,Cui Shumei,Wang Tiecheng,et al.Application of fractional-slot concentrated winding permanent magnet machines in modular cascade machine system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(3):9-16.
[23]韩雪岩,祁坤,张哲,等.永磁同步直线电机磁阻力分析及抑制措施[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):70-76.Han Xueyan,Qi Kun,Zhang Zhe,et al.Analysis and suppression measures of magnetic resistance force in permanent magnet linear synchronous motors[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(6):70-76.
[2]Lu Qinfen,Yao Yihua,Ye Yunyue,et al.Research on ropeless elevator driven by PMLSM[C]//Eleventh International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies,Monte Carlo,Monaco,2016:1-6.
[3]汪旭东.PMLSM垂直提升系统的应用研究[C]//全国直线电机、现代驱动及系统学术年会,焦作,2010:7-16.Wang Xudong.Application research of elevate system based on PMLSM[C]//National Conference on Linear Motors and Modern Drive Systems,Jiaozuo,2010:7-16.
[4]王利.现代直线电机关键控制技术及其应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[5]Chung S U,Lee H J,Hwang S M.A novel design of linear synchronous motor using FRM topology[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2008,44(6):1514-1517.
[6]Chung S U,Lee H J,Hong D K,et al.Development of flux reversal linear synchronous motor for precision position control[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2011,12(3):443-450.
[7]Chung S U,Kim J W,Woo B C,et al.Force ripple and magnetic unbalance reduction design for doubly salient permanent magnet linear synchronous motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):4207-4210.
[8]Chung S U,Lee H J,Hong D K,et al.Development of flux reversal linear synchronous motor for precision position control[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2011,12(3):443-450.
[9]Chung S U,Kim J M,Woo B C,et al.Development of doubly salient permanent magnet linear synchronous motor for general-purpose automation applications[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering&Manufacturing,2013,14(12):2075-2080.
[10]Chung S U,Kim J W,Chun Y D,et al.Fractional slot concentrated winding PMSM with consequent pole rotor for a low-speed direct drive:reduction of rare earth permanent magnet[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2015,30(1):103-109.
[11]Wu Zhongze,Zhu Z Q.Partitioned stator flux reversal machine with consequent-pole PM stator[J].IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion,2015,30(4):1472-1482.
[12]Chung S U,Lee H J,Woo B C,et al.A feasibility study on a new doubly salient permanent magnet linear synchronous machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2010,46(6):1572-1575.
[13]Li Jian,Wang Kai,Li Feng.Analytical prediction of optimal split ratio of consequent-pole permanent magnet machines[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2018,12(3):365-372.
[14]Zhu Z Q.Recent development of halbach permanent magnet machines and applications[C]//Power Conversion Conference-Nagoya,Nagoya,Japan,2007:K-9-K-16.
[15]徐衍亮,姚福安,房建成.Halbach磁体结构电动机及其与常规磁体结构电动机的比较研究(I)--磁体结构及有导磁铁心电动机的对比研究[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(2):79-83.Xu Yanliang,Yao Fuan,Fang Jiancheng.Halbach array permanent magnet machine and performance comparison with the normal array one(I)-halbach array structure and comparison of different magnet array machines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2004,19(2):79-83.
[16]徐衍亮,姚福安,房建成.HALBACH磁体结构电动机及其与常规磁体结构电动机的比较研究(II)--无导磁铁心电机的对比研究及样机实验[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(6):58-62.Xu Yanliang,Yao Fuan,Fang Jiancheng.Halbach array permanent magnet machine and its performance comparison with the normal array one(II)-comparison of different magnet array ironless machine and prototype experiment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2004,19(6):58-62.
[17]崔皆凡,蒋莉莉,王贺敏,等.Halbach磁体结构应用于永磁直线同步电机的研究[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2007,29(4):400-403.Cui Jiefan,Jiang Lili,Wang Hemin,et al.Research on permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with Halbach array[J].Journal of Shenyang University of Technology,2007,29(4):400-403.
[18]曹永娟,黄允凯,金龙,等.磁极组合型轴向磁场无铁心永磁电机的设计与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(6):903-909.Cao Yongjuan,Huang Yunkai,Jin Long,et al.Design and analysis of a stator coreless axial-flux permanent magnet machine with module poles[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(6):903-909.
[19]Zhang Xu,Wang Xudong,Xu Xiaozhuo,et al.Slotpole combinations research of permanent-magnet linear synchronous motor with concentrated windings[C]//2014 17th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,Hangzhou,China,2014:1322-1325.
[20]Wang Xudong,Zhang Zan,Xu Xiaozhuo,et al.Influence of using conditions on the performance of PM linear synchronous motor for ropeless elevator[C]//International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,Beijing,China,2011:1-5.
[21]许孝卓,汪旭东,封海潮,等.分数槽集中绕组永磁同步直线电机磁场解析计算[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(14):122-129.Xu Xiaozhuo,Wang Xudong,Feng Haichao,et al.Magnetic field calculation of the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with fractional-slot concentrated windings[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(14):122-129.
[22]韩守亮,崔淑梅,王铁成,等.分数槽集中绕组永磁电机在模块化级联电机系统上的应用[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(3):9-16.Han Shouliang,Cui Shumei,Wang Tiecheng,et al.Application of fractional-slot concentrated winding permanent magnet machines in modular cascade machine system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(3):9-16.
[23]韩雪岩,祁坤,张哲,等.永磁同步直线电机磁阻力分析及抑制措施[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(6):70-76.Han Xueyan,Qi Kun,Zhang Zhe,et al.Analysis and suppression measures of magnetic resistance force in permanent magnet linear synchronous motors[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(6):70-76.