4种生物农药对尖唇散白蚁的室内药效评价
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摘要
[目的]了解10%苦参碱OL、40%鱼藤酮DP、50%除虫菊素OL、98%蛇床子素DP对尖唇散白蚁的毒杀效果。[方法]农药对白蚁的毒力与实验室药效(NY/T 1153.1—2013)。[结果] 50%除虫菊素OL 250 mg/L及以上质量浓度的触杀处理组,试验第3天白蚁均全部死亡;胃毒处理组白蚁平均死亡率均低于90%。40%鱼藤酮DP 500 mg/L及以上质量浓度触杀处理组试验第3天白蚁平均死亡率均大于95%;胃毒处理组白蚁平均死亡率均低于30%。10%苦参碱OL、98%蛇床子素DP对尖唇散白蚁触杀和胃毒的最大平均致死率分别为(1.33±0.67)%、(3.33±0.67)%和(21.33±2.91)%、(4.00±1.15)%。[结论] 4种植物源对尖唇散白蚁胃毒性由大到小排序为50%除虫菊素OL>40%鱼藤酮DP>10%苦参碱OL>98%蛇床子素DP;对尖唇散白蚁触杀性由大到小排序为50%除虫菊素OL>40%鱼藤酮DP>98%蛇床子素DP≥10%苦参碱OL。50%除虫菊素OL对尖唇散白蚁有较好的触杀和胃毒作用,具有开发为白蚁触杀剂和胃毒剂的潜力,40%鱼藤酮DP对尖唇散白蚁有较好的触杀作用,具有开发为白蚁触杀剂的潜力。
[Aims] This study aims to understand the efficacy of matrine 10% OL, rotenone 40% DP, pyrethrins 50% OL and osthole 98% DP against Reticulitermes aculabialis. [Methods] The toxicity and laboratory efficacy of pesticids against termites(NY/T 1153—2013) were conducted. [Results] All termites died on the third day treated with pyrethrins 50% OL at 250 mg/L and above; the mortality rate of termites were less than 90% in stomach poisoning treatment. The mortality rate of termites were more than 95% treated with rotenone 40% DP at 500 mg/L and above on the third day; the mortality rate of termites were less than 30% in stomach poisoning treatment. The maximum mortality of matrine 10% OL and osthole 98% DP were(1.33±0.67) and(3.33±0.67)%, respectively, in contact treatment. The maximum mortality of matrine 10% OL and osthole 98% DP were(21.33±2.91) and(4.00±1.15)%, respectively, in stomach treatment. [Conclusions] The efficacy of the 4 botanical pesticides on R. aculabialis by stomach toxicity was pyrethrins 50% OL>rotenone 40% DP>matrine 10% OL>osthole 98% DP; and the toxicity by contact was: pyrethrins50% OL>rotenone 40% DP>osthole 98% DP≥ matrine 10% OL. Pyrethrins 50% OL had a good contact and stomach toxicity to R. aculabialis. Rotenone 40% DP had a good contact toxicity to R. aculabialis.
[Aims] This study aims to understand the efficacy of matrine 10% OL, rotenone 40% DP, pyrethrins 50% OL and osthole 98% DP against Reticulitermes aculabialis. [Methods] The toxicity and laboratory efficacy of pesticids against termites(NY/T 1153—2013) were conducted. [Results] All termites died on the third day treated with pyrethrins 50% OL at 250 mg/L and above; the mortality rate of termites were less than 90% in stomach poisoning treatment. The mortality rate of termites were more than 95% treated with rotenone 40% DP at 500 mg/L and above on the third day; the mortality rate of termites were less than 30% in stomach poisoning treatment. The maximum mortality of matrine 10% OL and osthole 98% DP were(1.33±0.67) and(3.33±0.67)%, respectively, in contact treatment. The maximum mortality of matrine 10% OL and osthole 98% DP were(21.33±2.91) and(4.00±1.15)%, respectively, in stomach treatment. [Conclusions] The efficacy of the 4 botanical pesticides on R. aculabialis by stomach toxicity was pyrethrins 50% OL>rotenone 40% DP>matrine 10% OL>osthole 98% DP; and the toxicity by contact was: pyrethrins50% OL>rotenone 40% DP>osthole 98% DP≥ matrine 10% OL. Pyrethrins 50% OL had a good contact and stomach toxicity to R. aculabialis. Rotenone 40% DP had a good contact toxicity to R. aculabialis.
引文
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[14]蒋晶晶,王春明,杜蕙.蛇床子素对6种植物病原真菌的毒力测定[J].甘肃农业科技,2017(11):33-35.
[15]王晶磊,徐威,刘天德,等.蛇床子素在实仓防治储粮害虫中的研究与应用[J].粮食与食品工业,2013,20(4):95-99.
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[17]王晶磊,徐秀环.植物源杀虫剂蛇床子素对储粮害虫的防治效果[J].粮食科技与经济,2013,38(4):47-49.
[18]张庭英,徐汉虹,王长宏.鱼藤酮的应用现状及存在问题[J].农药,2005,44(8):352-355.
[19]卢洁,石冠超,覃桂聪.7.5%鱼藤酮乳油对蔬菜蚜虫和柑桔红蜘蛛的防效[J].长江蔬菜,2009(10):65-67.
[20]郑竹胜,王建民.不同浓度鱼藤酮防治效果研究[J].中国果菜,2016,36(7):31-32.
[21]CHEN Li-ming.Application of Rotenone to Preparation of Termite Insecticide Capable of Killing Termites Effectively:CN,102090406 A[P].
[22]熊桂莲,袁子鸿,杨广东.5%除虫菊素防治菜青虫药效试验初报[J].现代园艺,2007(11):25.
[23]田育天,闫克玉,何成兴,等.天然除虫菊素对烟草蚜虫的毒力测定及田间药效试验[J].云南农业科技,2011(1):47-50.
[24]刘广宇.白蚁植物源诱杀剂的筛选(硕士论文)[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2016.
[25]刘广宇,金道超,郭建军,等.三种植物对狭胸散白蚁的毒杀效果[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(3):611-617.
[26]李凌云,许晓敏,林桓,等.超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测蔬菜中除虫菊素残留[J].分析测试学报,2018,37(1):98-102.
[2]邢连喜,胡萃,程家安.尖唇散白蚁(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)取食群体大小与活动范围[J].浙江农业大学学报(农业与生命科学版),1998,24(2):167-170.
[3]王一鸣.浅谈植物源农药[J].山东教育学院学报,2007(3):116-120.
[4]MAO Li-xin,HENDERSON G.Antifeedant Activity and Acute and Residual Toxicity of Alkaloids from Sophora flavescens(Leguminosae)against Formosan Subterranean Termites(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2007,100(3):866-870.
[5]梁佳丽,曾智,龚恒亮,等.鱼藤酮40%鱼藤酮DP的杀虫机理及其在白蚁防治上的应用前景[J].农业灾害研究,2015,5(9):13-14.
[6]范华锋,卢正秋,徐承龙.天然除虫菊素除虫菊素杀虫气雾剂对淡色库蚊、家蝇及蟑螂的药效试验研究[J].医学动物防制,2006(6):414-415.
[7]卢川川,谢荣坚,钟浩泉,等.印楝素对家白蚁趋向和取食的影响[J].白蚁科技,1998(1):18-21.
[8]戴自容,黄珍友.木本楝科植物抗白蚁作用的初步观察[J].白蚁科技,1986,3(4):4-7.
[9]BESSETTE S M.Pesticidal Compositions Containing Plant Essentials Oils against Termites:US,6858653[P].2005.
[10]HENDERSON G,LAINE R A,HEUMANN D O,et al.Vetiver Oil Extracts as Termite Repellent and Toxicant:US,6890960[P].2005-05-10.
[11]韩鹏杰,牛国飞,秦楠,等.苦参碱水剂对甘蓝蚜虫的防治效果研究[J].吉林农业,2018(17):56-57.
[12]张权炳.苦参碱水剂等药剂防治矢尖蚧试验[J].中国南方树,2010,39(1):19-21.
[13]孙光忠,刘元明,邓劲松,等.苦参碱对茶树茶毛虫杀虫效果和应用技术[J].华中昆虫研究,2015(11):172-174.
[14]蒋晶晶,王春明,杜蕙.蛇床子素对6种植物病原真菌的毒力测定[J].甘肃农业科技,2017(11):33-35.
[15]王晶磊,徐威,刘天德,等.蛇床子素在实仓防治储粮害虫中的研究与应用[J].粮食与食品工业,2013,20(4):95-99.
[16]王晶磊.蛇床子素实仓防治储粮害虫效果研究[J].粮食加工,2016,41(1):69-72.
[17]王晶磊,徐秀环.植物源杀虫剂蛇床子素对储粮害虫的防治效果[J].粮食科技与经济,2013,38(4):47-49.
[18]张庭英,徐汉虹,王长宏.鱼藤酮的应用现状及存在问题[J].农药,2005,44(8):352-355.
[19]卢洁,石冠超,覃桂聪.7.5%鱼藤酮乳油对蔬菜蚜虫和柑桔红蜘蛛的防效[J].长江蔬菜,2009(10):65-67.
[20]郑竹胜,王建民.不同浓度鱼藤酮防治效果研究[J].中国果菜,2016,36(7):31-32.
[21]CHEN Li-ming.Application of Rotenone to Preparation of Termite Insecticide Capable of Killing Termites Effectively:CN,102090406 A[P].
[22]熊桂莲,袁子鸿,杨广东.5%除虫菊素防治菜青虫药效试验初报[J].现代园艺,2007(11):25.
[23]田育天,闫克玉,何成兴,等.天然除虫菊素对烟草蚜虫的毒力测定及田间药效试验[J].云南农业科技,2011(1):47-50.
[24]刘广宇.白蚁植物源诱杀剂的筛选(硕士论文)[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2016.
[25]刘广宇,金道超,郭建军,等.三种植物对狭胸散白蚁的毒杀效果[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(3):611-617.
[26]李凌云,许晓敏,林桓,等.超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测蔬菜中除虫菊素残留[J].分析测试学报,2018,37(1):98-102.