不同产业集聚对区域创新的影响及其空间溢出效应
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摘要
产业集聚对区域创新的促进作用已经得到证实,但不同的产业集聚对区域创新是否存在差异性影响尚不清楚。本文采用2000—2016年长三角地区县级行政区的行业数据,运用动态空间杜宾模型考察了不同产业集聚对区域创新的影响。研究发现,不同部门的产业集聚和同部门内不同产业的集聚对区域创新的影响均存在差异,同一产业集聚对不同区域创新产出的影响亦存在差异。区域创新具有显著的空间溢出效应,邻近地区的区域创新和产业集聚均对本地的区域创新存在正向促进作用。构建区域创新共同体应充分利用产业协同通道,利用产业集聚促进区域创新的政策实践中不可忽视产业异质性影响,与区域创新功能相匹配的产业集聚可最大程度发挥集聚外部性对区域创新的促进作用。
The promotion effect of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation has been proved, but it is not clear whether the difference of industrial agglomeration affects regional innovation. This paper adopts the industry data of the county administrative region of the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2016, and uses the dynamic Spatial Durbin Model to investigate the influence of heterogeneous industrial agglomeration on regional innovation. Results show that there are differences on regional innovation between the industry agglomeration of different departments and different industrial agglomeration within departments effect, and the influence of the same industrial agglomeration on different regional innovation output also differ. Regional innovation has a significant spatial spillover effect, regional innovation and industrial agglomeration in adjacent areas have positive promoting effect on local regional innovation. We suggest that the construction of regional innovation community should make full use of industrial cooperative channels, and we should not ignore the industrial heterogeneity effect in the practice policy of using advantage of industrial agglomeration to promote regional innovation, and industrial agglomeration which matches the regional innovation function can be maximizing agglomeration externalities on regional innovation.
The promotion effect of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation has been proved, but it is not clear whether the difference of industrial agglomeration affects regional innovation. This paper adopts the industry data of the county administrative region of the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2016, and uses the dynamic Spatial Durbin Model to investigate the influence of heterogeneous industrial agglomeration on regional innovation. Results show that there are differences on regional innovation between the industry agglomeration of different departments and different industrial agglomeration within departments effect, and the influence of the same industrial agglomeration on different regional innovation output also differ. Regional innovation has a significant spatial spillover effect, regional innovation and industrial agglomeration in adjacent areas have positive promoting effect on local regional innovation. We suggest that the construction of regional innovation community should make full use of industrial cooperative channels, and we should not ignore the industrial heterogeneity effect in the practice policy of using advantage of industrial agglomeration to promote regional innovation, and industrial agglomeration which matches the regional innovation function can be maximizing agglomeration externalities on regional innovation.
引文
[1] SULTAN S S, DIJK M P. Palestinian Clusters: From Agglomeration to Innovation [J]. European Scientific Journal, 2017(13): 323-336.
[2] 董晓芳, 袁燕. 企业创新, 生命周期与聚集经济 [J]. 经济学(季刊), 2014(1): 767-792.
[3] 汪少华, 佳蕾. 浙江省企业集群成长与创新模式研究 [J]. 科研管理, 2003(1): 129-133.
[4] 黎继子, 刘春玲, 邹德文. 产业集中, 集群式供应链组织衍续和技术创新——以“武汉·中国光谷”光电子产业为例 [J]. 财经研究, 2006(7): 41-52.
[5] FELDMAN M, AUDRETSCHT D. Innovation in Cities: Science Based Diversity, Specialization and Localized Competition [J]. European Economic Review, 1999(2): 409-429.
[6] BAPTISTA R, SWANN G M P. Do Firms in Clusters Innovate More? [J]. Research Policy, 1998, 27(5): 525-540.
[7] 彭向, 蒋传海. 产业集聚, 知识溢出与地区创新——基于中国工业行业的实证检验 [J]. 经济学(季刊), 2011(3): 913-914.
[8] 程中华, 刘军. 产业集聚, 空间溢出与制造业创新——基于中国城市数据的空间计量分析 [J]. 山西财经大学学报, 2015(4): 34-44.
[9] CHUNG W, ALCáCER J. Knowledge Seeking and Location Choice of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States [J]. Management Science, 2002(12): 1534-1554.
[10] GOLDMAN B, KLIER T, WALSTRUM T. Evidence on the Within-industry Agglomeration of R&D, Production, and Administrative Occupations [R]. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Working Paper, 2016.
[11] AUDRETSCH D B, LEHMANN E E. Does the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship Hold for Regions? [J]. Research Policy, 2005(8): 1191-1202.
[12] MURATA Y, et al. Localized Knowledge Spillovers and Patent Citations: A Distance-Based Approach [J]. Review of Economics and Statistics, 2015, 96(3): 967-985.
[13] 张可, 汪东芳. 经济集聚与环境污染的交互影响及空间溢出 [J]. 中国工业经济, 2014(6): 70-82.
[14] 白俊红, 蒋伏心. 协同创新, 空间关联与区域创新绩效 [J]. 经济研究, 2015(7): 174-187.
[15] PAPAGEORGIOU T. Worker Sorting and Agglomeration Economies [R]. Penn State University Working Paper, 2013.
[16] ANDERSSON R, QUIGLEY J, WILHELMSSON M. Higher Education, Localization and Innovation: Evidence from a Natural Experiment [R]. Electronic Working Paper Series, 2005.
[17] CARLINO G, KERR W R. Agglomeration and Innovation [J]. Handbook of Regional & Urban Economics, 2014(5): 349-404.
[18] LIN J. Technological Adaptation, Cities, and New Work, Review of Economics and Statistics [J]. 2011(2): 554-574.
[19] ALMEIDA P, BRUCE K. Localization of Knowledge and the Mobility of Engineers in Regional Networks [J]. Management Science, 1999(7): 905-917.
(1)限于篇幅,表2至表5未报告控制变量及其空间滞后项的估计结果。
(2)限于篇幅,未给出第二和第三产业部门内部不同产业集聚对区域创新的进一步检验的估计结果,以及基于就业人口计算得到的区位熵和产业集中度估计的结果、地理阀值和经济权重空间矩阵以及广义空间二阶段估计的结果。有兴趣的读者可向笔者索要相关结果。
[2] 董晓芳, 袁燕. 企业创新, 生命周期与聚集经济 [J]. 经济学(季刊), 2014(1): 767-792.
[3] 汪少华, 佳蕾. 浙江省企业集群成长与创新模式研究 [J]. 科研管理, 2003(1): 129-133.
[4] 黎继子, 刘春玲, 邹德文. 产业集中, 集群式供应链组织衍续和技术创新——以“武汉·中国光谷”光电子产业为例 [J]. 财经研究, 2006(7): 41-52.
[5] FELDMAN M, AUDRETSCHT D. Innovation in Cities: Science Based Diversity, Specialization and Localized Competition [J]. European Economic Review, 1999(2): 409-429.
[6] BAPTISTA R, SWANN G M P. Do Firms in Clusters Innovate More? [J]. Research Policy, 1998, 27(5): 525-540.
[7] 彭向, 蒋传海. 产业集聚, 知识溢出与地区创新——基于中国工业行业的实证检验 [J]. 经济学(季刊), 2011(3): 913-914.
[8] 程中华, 刘军. 产业集聚, 空间溢出与制造业创新——基于中国城市数据的空间计量分析 [J]. 山西财经大学学报, 2015(4): 34-44.
[9] CHUNG W, ALCáCER J. Knowledge Seeking and Location Choice of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States [J]. Management Science, 2002(12): 1534-1554.
[10] GOLDMAN B, KLIER T, WALSTRUM T. Evidence on the Within-industry Agglomeration of R&D, Production, and Administrative Occupations [R]. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Working Paper, 2016.
[11] AUDRETSCH D B, LEHMANN E E. Does the Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship Hold for Regions? [J]. Research Policy, 2005(8): 1191-1202.
[12] MURATA Y, et al. Localized Knowledge Spillovers and Patent Citations: A Distance-Based Approach [J]. Review of Economics and Statistics, 2015, 96(3): 967-985.
[13] 张可, 汪东芳. 经济集聚与环境污染的交互影响及空间溢出 [J]. 中国工业经济, 2014(6): 70-82.
[14] 白俊红, 蒋伏心. 协同创新, 空间关联与区域创新绩效 [J]. 经济研究, 2015(7): 174-187.
[15] PAPAGEORGIOU T. Worker Sorting and Agglomeration Economies [R]. Penn State University Working Paper, 2013.
[16] ANDERSSON R, QUIGLEY J, WILHELMSSON M. Higher Education, Localization and Innovation: Evidence from a Natural Experiment [R]. Electronic Working Paper Series, 2005.
[17] CARLINO G, KERR W R. Agglomeration and Innovation [J]. Handbook of Regional & Urban Economics, 2014(5): 349-404.
[18] LIN J. Technological Adaptation, Cities, and New Work, Review of Economics and Statistics [J]. 2011(2): 554-574.
[19] ALMEIDA P, BRUCE K. Localization of Knowledge and the Mobility of Engineers in Regional Networks [J]. Management Science, 1999(7): 905-917.
(1)限于篇幅,表2至表5未报告控制变量及其空间滞后项的估计结果。
(2)限于篇幅,未给出第二和第三产业部门内部不同产业集聚对区域创新的进一步检验的估计结果,以及基于就业人口计算得到的区位熵和产业集中度估计的结果、地理阀值和经济权重空间矩阵以及广义空间二阶段估计的结果。有兴趣的读者可向笔者索要相关结果。