两株植物内生拮抗菌对连作土盆栽平邑甜茶幼苗生长及土壤酶活性的影响
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摘要
为研发对苹果连作障碍有防治作用的微生物菌剂,以6种常见病原菌为供试病原菌,以连作苹果园中健康苹果树根部为材料,采用对峙法对内生拮抗菌进行筛选,获得了两株对病原菌有明显拮抗效果的内生拮抗细菌SRB-1和SRB-11。鉴定发现,SRB-1和SRB-11分别为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis和漠海威芽孢杆菌Bacillus mojavensis。通过苹果连作土盆栽平邑甜茶试验对菌株SRB-1和SRB-11菌肥防治连作障碍的效果进行验证,结果表明,连作土中施加菌肥对平邑甜茶幼苗生长有明显促生作用。与对照相比,株高、地径、鲜样质量和干样质量显著增加,根系超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)以及过氧化物酶(POD)活性分别增加了65%、51%和230%;同时土壤中的蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性分别提高了132%、57%、82%和146%。表明本研究中筛选的内生拮抗菌SRB-1和SRB-11所制成的微生物菌剂对苹果连作障碍有一定的防治作用。
In order to develop a microbial agent that can prevent and cure continuous cropping obstacles in apple,six common pathogens were tested,and the roots of healthy apple in continuous cropping orchard were used as materials to screen the antagonistic endophytes. Two strains SRB-1 and SRB-11 with significant antagonism were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mojavensis,respectively. The pot experiment was carried out to verify the effect of SRB-1 and SRB-11 on the continuous cropping obstacle of apple. The results of pot experiment showed that the application of bacterium fertilizer in soil significantly promoted the growth of Malus hupehensis seedlings under continuous cropping conditions and had a good effect on the soil. Compared with control treatment,the application of bacterium fertilizer significantly increased plant height,basal diameter,fresh weight and dry weight,increased the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)in the roots of Malus hupehensis by 65%,51% and 230%,respectively. Meanwhile,the activities of invertase,urease,phosphatase and catalase in soil were significantly increased by 132%,57%,82% and 146%,respectively. The above results indicate that the microbial agents prepared by the endogenous antagonistic SRB-1 and SRB-11 screened in this study have a certain preventive effect on apple continuous cropping disorders.
In order to develop a microbial agent that can prevent and cure continuous cropping obstacles in apple,six common pathogens were tested,and the roots of healthy apple in continuous cropping orchard were used as materials to screen the antagonistic endophytes. Two strains SRB-1 and SRB-11 with significant antagonism were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mojavensis,respectively. The pot experiment was carried out to verify the effect of SRB-1 and SRB-11 on the continuous cropping obstacle of apple. The results of pot experiment showed that the application of bacterium fertilizer in soil significantly promoted the growth of Malus hupehensis seedlings under continuous cropping conditions and had a good effect on the soil. Compared with control treatment,the application of bacterium fertilizer significantly increased plant height,basal diameter,fresh weight and dry weight,increased the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)in the roots of Malus hupehensis by 65%,51% and 230%,respectively. Meanwhile,the activities of invertase,urease,phosphatase and catalase in soil were significantly increased by 132%,57%,82% and 146%,respectively. The above results indicate that the microbial agents prepared by the endogenous antagonistic SRB-1 and SRB-11 screened in this study have a certain preventive effect on apple continuous cropping disorders.
引文
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Jin Li-rong,Wan Peng,Huang Wei.2018.Biocontrol effect on cotton verticillium wilt and identification of endophytic bacterium HB3S-20 from cotton.Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,47(3):70-75.(in Chinese)金利容，万鹏，黄薇.2018.棉花内生细菌HB3S-20对棉花黄萎病的生防效果评估及其鉴定.河南农业科学，47(3):70-75.
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Li Jia-jia.2016.Effects of Chinese onion and Malus hupehensis Rehd.seedling mixed cropping on replanted soil environment[M.D.Dissertation].Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University.(in Chinese)李家家.2016.葱与平邑甜茶幼苗混作对连作土壤环境的影响[硕士论文]．泰安：山东农业大学.
Li Jun,Li Bai,Gao Guangchun.2017.Research progress on endophytic bacteriostasis of medicinal plants.Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,58(11):1989-1992,1996.(in Chinese)李军，李白，高广春.2017.药用植物内生菌抑菌作用研究进展.浙江农业科学，58(11):1989-1992,1996.
Liu Liying,Liu Kexin,Chi Xiaoli,Zhang Xiao,Xu Chao,Zhu Hao,Jin Xiao,Liu Weiwei,Sun Zhongtao,Mao Zhiquan.2018.Effects of bioorganic fertilizer SNB-86 special for continuous cropping apple on Malus hupehensis seedlings and soil environment under replant disease condition.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,45(10):2008-2018.(in Chinese)刘丽英，刘珂欣，迟晓丽，张潇，许超，朱浩，金晓，刘维维，孙中涛，毛志泉.2018.枯草芽孢杆菌SNB-86菌肥对连作平邑甜茶幼苗生长及土壤环境的影响.园艺学报，45(10):2008-2018.
Liu Yong,Bao Jing,Jiang Xing-yin,Li Pei,Mao Zhi-quan.2015.Effects of four fungicides on soil fusarium oxysporum population and enzymes activity in successive cropping apple orchard.Journal of Fruit Science,32(1):115-122.(in Chinese)刘勇，鲍静，姜兴印，李配，毛志泉.2015.4种杀菌剂对连作苹果园土壤镰刀菌及土壤酶活性的影响.果树学报，32(1):115-122.
Luo Lin,Wang Qi-hui,Zhao Hai-xia,Zhang Dian-peng,Liu Ya.2017.Screening of bio-control strain against botrytis cinerea and preliminary research on its antagonistic mechanisms.China Brewing,36(4):93-98.(in Chinese)罗琳，王其慧，赵海霞，张殿朋，刘娅.2017.葡萄灰霉病生防菌株的筛选及其拮抗机理初探.中国酿造，36(4):93-98.
Ma Peng,Li Chang-xiao,Lei Ming,Yang Yu-jing,Ma Jun.2014.Responses of soil microorganisms and soil enzyme activities to different land use patterns in the water-level-fluctuating zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir region.Acta Ecologica Sinica,34(4):1010-1020.(in Chinese)马朋，李昌晓，雷明，杨予静，马骏.2014.三峡库区岸坡消落带草地、弃耕地和耕地土壤微生物及酶活性特征.生态学报，34(4):1010-1020.
Munjal V,Nadakkakath A V,Sheoran N,Kundu A,Venugopal V,Subaharan K.2016.Genotyping and identification of broad spectrum antimicrobial volatiles in black pepper root endophytic biocontrol agent,Bacillus megaterium BP17.Biological Control,92:66-76.
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