喀斯特石漠化地区不同退化程度花椒光合日动态及其与环境因子的关系
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摘要
花椒是中国喀斯特石漠化地区重要的生态经济树种。为分析花椒在石漠化脆弱生境中光合生产能力,以轻度退化(LD)、中度退化(MD)、重度退化(SD)花椒为对象,研究花椒日光合特征变化及其与环境因子的关系,并采用通径分析法分析各环境因子对花椒净光合速率的直接或间接作用。结果表明:不同退化花椒的净光合速率日均值分别为3.53(LD)、2.85(MD)、2.32(SD)μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1); LD、MD、SD日光合同化量分别为141.21、113.44和94.97 mmol·m~(-2),SD光合同化能力显著低于LD、MD; LD表现出较高水分利用效率和叶片羧化效率,其值均高于MD、SD;各退化花椒气孔限制值日均值没有明显变化; LD净光合速率主要受空气CO2浓度和光合有效辐射的影响,同时空气温度与空气相对湿度之间的相互作用共同制约着净光合速率大小;光合有效辐射、空气相对湿度分别是MD、SD净光合速率的主导因子,而空气温度为其主要限制因子。因此,不同退化花椒光合作用对生理状况和自然环境条件的变化敏感性较强,光合生产力总体偏低。
Zanthoxylum bungeanum is an important ecological and economic tree species in karst rocky desertification area of China. We measured the photosynthetic productivity of Z. bungeanum in the fragile habitat with rocky desertification,including lightly degraded( LD),moderately degraded( MD) and severe degraded( SD) Z. bungeanum. Daily photosynthesis variations of Z.bungeanum and their relationships with environmental factors were examined. Moreover,the path analysis method was used to analyze the direct or indirect effects of environmental factors on the net photosynthetic rate( Pn) of Z. bungeanum. Average daily Pnof LD,MD and SD were 3.53,2.85 and 2.32 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),respectively. Diurnal photosynthesis assimilations of LD,MD and SD were 141.21,113.44 and 94.97 mmol·m~(-2),with significantly lower value of SD than those of LD and MD. LD had higher water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency than MD and SD. Z. bungeanum with different degraded degrees showed no significant difference in average daily stomatal limiting value. Pnof LD was mainly influenced by CO_2 concentration and photosynthetically available radiation( PAR). The interaction between air temperature( Ta) and relative humidity( RH) jointly restricted the value of Pn. PAR and RH were dominant factors influencing MD and SD respectively,with Taas the major limiting factor. In conclusion,photosynthesis of different degraded Z. bungeanum was sensitive to the dynamics of physiological conditions and natural environment conditions,with relatively low photosynthetic productivity.
Zanthoxylum bungeanum is an important ecological and economic tree species in karst rocky desertification area of China. We measured the photosynthetic productivity of Z. bungeanum in the fragile habitat with rocky desertification,including lightly degraded( LD),moderately degraded( MD) and severe degraded( SD) Z. bungeanum. Daily photosynthesis variations of Z.bungeanum and their relationships with environmental factors were examined. Moreover,the path analysis method was used to analyze the direct or indirect effects of environmental factors on the net photosynthetic rate( Pn) of Z. bungeanum. Average daily Pnof LD,MD and SD were 3.53,2.85 and 2.32 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),respectively. Diurnal photosynthesis assimilations of LD,MD and SD were 141.21,113.44 and 94.97 mmol·m~(-2),with significantly lower value of SD than those of LD and MD. LD had higher water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency than MD and SD. Z. bungeanum with different degraded degrees showed no significant difference in average daily stomatal limiting value. Pnof LD was mainly influenced by CO_2 concentration and photosynthetically available radiation( PAR). The interaction between air temperature( Ta) and relative humidity( RH) jointly restricted the value of Pn. PAR and RH were dominant factors influencing MD and SD respectively,with Taas the major limiting factor. In conclusion,photosynthesis of different degraded Z. bungeanum was sensitive to the dynamics of physiological conditions and natural environment conditions,with relatively low photosynthetic productivity.
引文
曹生奎,冯起,司建华,等.2012.胡杨光合蒸腾与影响因子间关系的研究.干旱区资源与环境,26(4):155-159.
邓振义,孙丙寅,康克功,等.2005.不同产地花椒主要营养成分的比较研究.西北农业学报,14(3):107-109.
郭春燕,李晋川,岳建英,等.2013.两种高质牧草不同生育期光合生理日变化及光响应特征.生态学报,33(6):1751-1761.
杭红涛,吴沿友,邢德科,等.2018.贵州玉舍国家森林公园三种造林植物光合生理特征研究.广西植物,38(1):36-47.
黄滔,唐红,廖菊阳,等.2015.长果安息香夏季光合蒸腾日变化与其环境因子的关系.中南林业科技大学学报,35(7):62-68.
计玮玮,邱翠花,焦云,等.2012.高温强光胁迫对砂梨叶片光合作用、D1蛋白和Deg1蛋白酶的影响.果树学报,29(5):794-799.
靳甜甜,傅伯杰,刘国华,等.2011.不同坡位沙棘光合日变化及其主要环境因子.生态学报,31(7):1783-1793.
郎莹,汪明.2015.春、夏季土壤水分对连翘光合作用的影响.生态学报,35(9):3043-3051.
李明,王有科,李捷,等.2010.5个花椒品种光合特性的研究.甘肃农业大学学报,45(6):128-132.
李安定,杨瑞,林昌虎,等.2011.典型喀斯特区不同覆盖下顶坛花椒林地生态需水量研究.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,35(1):57-61.
李安定,喻理飞,卢永飞.2007.喀斯特区顶坛花椒适生的土壤水分环境.福建林业科技,34(3):117-121.
刘红明,龙春瑞,李进学,等.2017.3个柠檬品种在云南干热河谷区的光合特性及结果性能分析.果树学报,34(1):59-68.
容丽,熊康宁.2007.花江喀斯特峡谷适生植物的抗旱特征.I.顶坛花椒根系与土壤环境.贵州师范大学学报:自然科学版,25(4):1-7.
田日昌,陈洪松,王克林.2008.雨季红壤坡地油茶林土壤水势变化特征及耗水规律.生态与农村环境学报,23(3):123-125.
万素梅,贾志宽,杨宝平.2009.苜蓿光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的关系.草地学报,17(1):27-31.
韦昌盛,左祖伦.2016.顶坛花椒产业衰退原因分析及对策研究.贵州林业科技,(1):60-64.
吴芹,张光灿,裴斌,等.2013.不同土壤水分下山杏光合作用CO2响应过程及其模拟.应用生态学报,24(6):1517-1524.
肖华,熊康宁.2016.小流域石漠化综合治理技术空间优化配置---以毕节撒拉溪示范区为例.中国人口·资源与环境,26(S2):236-239.
熊康宁,陈永毕,陈浒,等.2011.点石成金---贵州石漠化治理技术与模式.贵阳:贵州科技出版社.
熊康宁,黎平,周忠发,等.2002.喀斯特石漠化的遥感-GIS典型研究---以贵州省为例.北京:地质出版社:17-30.
徐炳成,山仑,黄瑾.2003.黄土丘陵区不同立地条件下沙棘光合生理日变化特征比较.西北植物学报,23(6):949-953.
喻阳华,杨丹丽,秦仕亿,等.2018.黔中石漠化区衰老退化与正常生长顶坛花椒根区土壤质量特征.广西植物,DOI:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201806012.
袁蕊,聂磊云,郝兴宇,等.2017.大气CO2浓度升高对辣椒光合作用及相关生理特性的影响.生态学杂志,36(12):3510-3516.
袁志发,周静芋,郭满才,等.2001.决策系数---通径分析中的决策指标.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,29(5):131-133.
张玮,李晓燕,李连国,等.2007.内蒙古西部地区沙棘光合与蒸腾特性研究.华北农学报,22(3):97-100.
张绪成,于显枫,马一凡.2011.施氮和大气CO2浓度升高对小麦旗叶光合电子传递和分配的影响.应用生态学报,22(3):673-680.
张治安,杨福,陈展宇,等.2006.菰叶片净光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的相互关系.中国农业科学,39(3):502-509.
周宁,沈士博,景立权.等.2016.自由空气中CO2浓度和温度增高对粳稻叶片光合作用日变化的影响.生态学杂志,35(9):2404-2416.
周洪华,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.2008.塔里木河下游胡杨气体交换特性及其环境解释.中国沙漠,28(4):665-672.
Athanasiou K,Dyson BC,Webster RE,et al.2010.Dynamic acclimation of photosynthesis increases plant fitness in changing environments.Plant Physiology,152:366-373.
Dias MC,Brüggemann W.2007.Differential inhibition of photosynthesis under drought stress in Flaveria species with different degrees of development of the C4syndrome.Photosynthetica,45:75-84.
Guo YP,Guo DP,Zhou HF,et al.2006.Photoinhibition and xanthophylls cycle activity in bayberry(Myrica rubra)leaves induced by high irradiance.Photosynthetica,44:439-446.
Huang B,Xu C.2008.Identification and characterization of proteins associated with plant tolerance to heat stress.Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,50:1230-1237.
Jiang ZH,Wang CS,Zhang J,et al.2013.Online monitoring and analysis of plant photosynthetic physiology and environmental factors.Applied Mechanics&Materials,241-244:75-80.
Kim SH,Sicher RC,Bae H,et al.2006.Canopy photosynthesis,evapotranspiration,leaf nitrogen,and transcription profiles of maize in response to CO2enrichment.Global Change Biology,12:588-600.
Pinker RT,Zhang B,Dutton EG.2005.Do satellites detect trends in surface solar radiation.Science,308:850-854.
Robredo A,PérezLópez U,Maza HS,et al.2007.Elevated CO2alleviates the impact of drought on barley improving water status by lowering stomatal conductance and delaying its effects on photosynthesis.Environmental and Experimental Botany,59:252-263.
Xu Y,Ibrahim IM,Harxey PJ.2016.The influence of photoperiod and light intensity on the growth and photosynthesis of Dunaliella salina(chlorophyta)CCAP 19/30.Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,106:305-315.
邓振义,孙丙寅,康克功,等.2005.不同产地花椒主要营养成分的比较研究.西北农业学报,14(3):107-109.
郭春燕,李晋川,岳建英,等.2013.两种高质牧草不同生育期光合生理日变化及光响应特征.生态学报,33(6):1751-1761.
杭红涛,吴沿友,邢德科,等.2018.贵州玉舍国家森林公园三种造林植物光合生理特征研究.广西植物,38(1):36-47.
黄滔,唐红,廖菊阳,等.2015.长果安息香夏季光合蒸腾日变化与其环境因子的关系.中南林业科技大学学报,35(7):62-68.
计玮玮,邱翠花,焦云,等.2012.高温强光胁迫对砂梨叶片光合作用、D1蛋白和Deg1蛋白酶的影响.果树学报,29(5):794-799.
靳甜甜,傅伯杰,刘国华,等.2011.不同坡位沙棘光合日变化及其主要环境因子.生态学报,31(7):1783-1793.
郎莹,汪明.2015.春、夏季土壤水分对连翘光合作用的影响.生态学报,35(9):3043-3051.
李明,王有科,李捷,等.2010.5个花椒品种光合特性的研究.甘肃农业大学学报,45(6):128-132.
李安定,杨瑞,林昌虎,等.2011.典型喀斯特区不同覆盖下顶坛花椒林地生态需水量研究.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,35(1):57-61.
李安定,喻理飞,卢永飞.2007.喀斯特区顶坛花椒适生的土壤水分环境.福建林业科技,34(3):117-121.
刘红明,龙春瑞,李进学,等.2017.3个柠檬品种在云南干热河谷区的光合特性及结果性能分析.果树学报,34(1):59-68.
容丽,熊康宁.2007.花江喀斯特峡谷适生植物的抗旱特征.I.顶坛花椒根系与土壤环境.贵州师范大学学报:自然科学版,25(4):1-7.
田日昌,陈洪松,王克林.2008.雨季红壤坡地油茶林土壤水势变化特征及耗水规律.生态与农村环境学报,23(3):123-125.
万素梅,贾志宽,杨宝平.2009.苜蓿光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的关系.草地学报,17(1):27-31.
韦昌盛,左祖伦.2016.顶坛花椒产业衰退原因分析及对策研究.贵州林业科技,(1):60-64.
吴芹,张光灿,裴斌,等.2013.不同土壤水分下山杏光合作用CO2响应过程及其模拟.应用生态学报,24(6):1517-1524.
肖华,熊康宁.2016.小流域石漠化综合治理技术空间优化配置---以毕节撒拉溪示范区为例.中国人口·资源与环境,26(S2):236-239.
熊康宁,陈永毕,陈浒,等.2011.点石成金---贵州石漠化治理技术与模式.贵阳:贵州科技出版社.
熊康宁,黎平,周忠发,等.2002.喀斯特石漠化的遥感-GIS典型研究---以贵州省为例.北京:地质出版社:17-30.
徐炳成,山仑,黄瑾.2003.黄土丘陵区不同立地条件下沙棘光合生理日变化特征比较.西北植物学报,23(6):949-953.
喻阳华,杨丹丽,秦仕亿,等.2018.黔中石漠化区衰老退化与正常生长顶坛花椒根区土壤质量特征.广西植物,DOI:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201806012.
袁蕊,聂磊云,郝兴宇,等.2017.大气CO2浓度升高对辣椒光合作用及相关生理特性的影响.生态学杂志,36(12):3510-3516.
袁志发,周静芋,郭满才,等.2001.决策系数---通径分析中的决策指标.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,29(5):131-133.
张玮,李晓燕,李连国,等.2007.内蒙古西部地区沙棘光合与蒸腾特性研究.华北农学报,22(3):97-100.
张绪成,于显枫,马一凡.2011.施氮和大气CO2浓度升高对小麦旗叶光合电子传递和分配的影响.应用生态学报,22(3):673-680.
张治安,杨福,陈展宇,等.2006.菰叶片净光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的相互关系.中国农业科学,39(3):502-509.
周宁,沈士博,景立权.等.2016.自由空气中CO2浓度和温度增高对粳稻叶片光合作用日变化的影响.生态学杂志,35(9):2404-2416.
周洪华,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.2008.塔里木河下游胡杨气体交换特性及其环境解释.中国沙漠,28(4):665-672.
Athanasiou K,Dyson BC,Webster RE,et al.2010.Dynamic acclimation of photosynthesis increases plant fitness in changing environments.Plant Physiology,152:366-373.
Dias MC,Brüggemann W.2007.Differential inhibition of photosynthesis under drought stress in Flaveria species with different degrees of development of the C4syndrome.Photosynthetica,45:75-84.
Guo YP,Guo DP,Zhou HF,et al.2006.Photoinhibition and xanthophylls cycle activity in bayberry(Myrica rubra)leaves induced by high irradiance.Photosynthetica,44:439-446.
Huang B,Xu C.2008.Identification and characterization of proteins associated with plant tolerance to heat stress.Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,50:1230-1237.
Jiang ZH,Wang CS,Zhang J,et al.2013.Online monitoring and analysis of plant photosynthetic physiology and environmental factors.Applied Mechanics&Materials,241-244:75-80.
Kim SH,Sicher RC,Bae H,et al.2006.Canopy photosynthesis,evapotranspiration,leaf nitrogen,and transcription profiles of maize in response to CO2enrichment.Global Change Biology,12:588-600.
Pinker RT,Zhang B,Dutton EG.2005.Do satellites detect trends in surface solar radiation.Science,308:850-854.
Robredo A,PérezLópez U,Maza HS,et al.2007.Elevated CO2alleviates the impact of drought on barley improving water status by lowering stomatal conductance and delaying its effects on photosynthesis.Environmental and Experimental Botany,59:252-263.
Xu Y,Ibrahim IM,Harxey PJ.2016.The influence of photoperiod and light intensity on the growth and photosynthesis of Dunaliella salina(chlorophyta)CCAP 19/30.Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,106:305-315.