基于生物量、活性物质积累和抗氧化能力的当归种植茬口选择
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摘要
【目的】以当归根茎生物量、活性物质含量以及抗氧化能力为指标,选择适宜于提高当归品质的农作物茬口.【方法】在严格控制遗传因素条件下,以不同茬口(黄芪、油菜、党参、青稞、马铃薯、蚕豆和休耕地)两年生根茎为材料,分别对当归干质量生物量、活性物质含量以及抗氧化能力进行测定与分析.【结果】不同茬口对当归根茎生物量、活性物质含量以及抗氧化能力(干质量和单株)均具有显著影响(P<0.05);其中,青稞茬口最有利于根茎生物量的积累,尽管活性物质含量以及抗氧化能力(以干质量计算)在各茬口之间存在较大差异;以单株干质量计算,青稞茬口可溶性糖、酚和黄酮类化合物以及DPPH清除能力和FRAP值均显著高于其他茬口,蚕豆茬口次之,马铃薯茬口较低.【结论】青稞和蚕豆茬口有利于促进当归根茎生物量、活性物质的积累以及抗氧化能力的提高,可作为当归大面积种植栽培的首选茬口.
【Objective】To select of cropping rotations for improving the quality of Angelica sinensis based on biomass,bioactive compounds accumulation and antioxidant capacity in rhizome.【Method】The experiments were conducted on by measuring the dry weight(DW)biomass,bioactive compounds contents and antioxidant capacity in two-year old rhizome of A.sinensis grown at different cropping rotations(Astragalus membranaceus,Brassica napus,Codonopsis pilosula,Hordeum vulgare,Solanum tuberosum,Viciafabaand fallow).【Result】Significant differences(P<0.05) in biomass,bioactive compounds contents and antioxidant capacity on DW and individual plant basis between 7 cropping rotations were observed.The biomass of H.vulgare reached the highest level among 7 cropping rotations.On an individual plant basis,the contents of soluble sugar,phenolics(122mg/plant) and flavonoids as well as the levels of DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP value in rhizome of H.vulgare were significantly greater than that of other cropping rotations,followed by V.faba,and the rotation of S.tuberosum was relatively lower.【Conclusion】Biomass and bioactive compounds accumulation as well as antioxidant capacity in rhizome of A.sinensis were enhanced under the rotations of H.vulgare and V.faba.
【Objective】To select of cropping rotations for improving the quality of Angelica sinensis based on biomass,bioactive compounds accumulation and antioxidant capacity in rhizome.【Method】The experiments were conducted on by measuring the dry weight(DW)biomass,bioactive compounds contents and antioxidant capacity in two-year old rhizome of A.sinensis grown at different cropping rotations(Astragalus membranaceus,Brassica napus,Codonopsis pilosula,Hordeum vulgare,Solanum tuberosum,Viciafabaand fallow).【Result】Significant differences(P<0.05) in biomass,bioactive compounds contents and antioxidant capacity on DW and individual plant basis between 7 cropping rotations were observed.The biomass of H.vulgare reached the highest level among 7 cropping rotations.On an individual plant basis,the contents of soluble sugar,phenolics(122mg/plant) and flavonoids as well as the levels of DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP value in rhizome of H.vulgare were significantly greater than that of other cropping rotations,followed by V.faba,and the rotation of S.tuberosum was relatively lower.【Conclusion】Biomass and bioactive compounds accumulation as well as antioxidant capacity in rhizome of A.sinensis were enhanced under the rotations of H.vulgare and V.faba.
引文
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[2]刘雪东,李伟东,蔡宝昌.当归化学成分及对心脑血管系统作用研究进展[J].南京中医药大学学报,2010,26(2):155-157.
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[11]张宏意,罗连,余意,等.当归种质资源调查研究[J].中药材,2009,32(3):335-337.
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[14]王惠珍,张恩和,高素芳,等.海拔对岷县当归产量调控及关键影响因子分析[J].中草药,2013,44(14):1990-1994.
[15]马毅,晋玲,王振恒,等.甘肃岷县不同海拔栽培当归多糖含量比较研究[J].中兽医医药杂志,2013,32(2):7-9.
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[17]马占川.漳县当归生产现状及发展对策[J].甘肃农业科技,2002(1):44-45.
[18]王勇.甘肃渭源当归生长现状及近期行情走势[J].全国药材信息,2010,25:14.
[19]马清俊,姚永芳.临夏州当归产业发展现状分析[J].农业科技与信息,2017,18:18.
[20]王惠珍,张新慧,李应东,等.轮作与连作当归光合特性和挥发油的比较[J].草业学报,2011,20(1):69-74.
[21]王小琴,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.药用作物茬口对当归苗栽生理生化特性的影响[J].中药材,2017,40(9):2002-2006.
[22]王田涛,王琦,王惠珍,等.连作条件下间作模式对当归生长特性和产量的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(2):54-61.
[23]张新慧,张恩和,王永捷,等.不同前茬对当归药材产量及品质的影响[J].中药材,2010,33(11):1678-1680.
[24]张新慧,张恩和,郎多勇,等.不同茬口对当归根际土壤酶活性及其产量和品质的影响[J].中草药,2011,42(11):2322-2325.
[25]张新慧,张恩和.不同茬口对当归根际微生物数量和产量的影响[J].中草药,2008,39(2):267-269.
[26] Dubois M,Gilles K A,Hamilton J K,et al.Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J].Analytical Chemistry,1956,28(3):350-356.
[27]栗孟飞,姚园园,杨林贵,等.狭叶红景天引种驯化后抗氧化能力、主要活性物质含量及挥发性组分的变化[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(9):2947-2954.
[28] Beato V M,Orgaz F,Mansilla F,et al.Changes in phenolic compounds in garlic(Allium sativum L.)owing to the cultivar and location of growth[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,2011,66(3):218-223.
[29] Lay M M,Karsani S A,Mohajer S,et al.Phytochemical constituents,nutritional values,phenolics,flavonols,flavonoids,antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies on Phaleria macrocarpa(Scheff.)Boerl fruits[J].BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2014,14(8):1187-1198.
[30] Nencini C,Menchiari A,Franchi G G,et al.In vitro antioxidant activity of aged extracts of some Italian Alliumspecies[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,2011,66:11-16.
[21] Li M F,Zhou L L,Yang D L,et al.Biochemical composition and antioxidant capacity of extracts from Podophyllum hexandrumrhizome[J].BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2012,12:163.
[32] Benzie I F F,Strain J J.The ferric reducing ability of plasma(FRAP)as a measure of"antioxidant power":the FRAP assay[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1996,239(1):70-76.
[33]田秀萍,邱泳宁.茬口对农作物产量影响的研究[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2000,12(1):19-23.
[34]王庆锁,张玉发,苏加楷,等.苜蓿-作物轮作研究[J].中国生态农业学报,1999,7(3):35-38.
[35]马啸,张有杰,刘国顺,等.连作对作物生长发育及品质和产量影响的研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2009,38(10):26-30.
[36]王乐宝,付东波,潘红雨.合理轮作对大豆产量及品质的影响[J].现代化农业,2012(2):10-11.
[37]张新慧,张恩和,王惠珍.连作对当归药材挥发油含量的影响[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21(2):274-277.
[38]惠继瑞.当归自毒作用研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2008.
[39]焦多礼.五种前茬作物对当归药材品质的影响[J].中国保健营养,2012,22(12):2274-2274.
[40]曹享云.营养胁迫与根系分泌物[J].土壤学进展,1994,22(3):28-32.
[41]吴辉,郑师章.根分泌物及其生态作用[J].生态学杂志,1992,11(6):42-47.
[42]Kent N K.Alfalfa root exudates and compounds which promote or inhibition induce of rhizobium melilot nodulation genes[J].Plant Physiology,1988(90):396-400.
[43] Liljeroth E,Bath E,Mathisson I,Root exudation and rhizoplane bacterial abundance of barley in ration to nitrogenfertilization and root growth[J].Plant and soil,1984,16(4):315-322.
[44]柴强,黄高宝.根系分泌物在不同播种模式中的化感效应研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2004,39(2):163-167.
[45]张新慧,张恩和.不同茬口对当归根际微生物数量和产量的影响[J].中草药,2008,39(2):267-269.
[46]张新慧,张恩和,郎多勇,等.不同茬口对当归根际土壤酶活性及其产量和品质的影响[J].中草药,2011,42(11):2322-2325.
[47]温健.不同茬口当归根际微生物多样性研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2008.
[48]张为政,祝廷成,张镇媛,等.作物茬口对土壤酶活性和微生物的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,1993,5:12-14.
[49]楚玉山,李进朝.粮草轮作是提高我区土壤肥力的一项有效措施[J].西藏农业科技,1987,Z1:1-5.
[50]向莉,任玉梅,孔建平,等.青稞优质高产栽培技术[J].农村科技,2014(5):3-4.
[51]吴平顺.青稞优质高产栽培技术[J].科学种养,2017(5):13-14.
[2]刘雪东,李伟东,蔡宝昌.当归化学成分及对心脑血管系统作用研究进展[J].南京中医药大学学报,2010,26(2):155-157.
[3]李曦,张丽宏,王晓晓,等.当归化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中药材,2013,36(6):1023-1028.
[4] Yang X B,Zhao Y,Zhou Y J.Component and antioxidant properties of polysaccharide fractions isolated fromAngelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels[J].Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin,2007,30(10):1884-1890.
[5]林茂,朱朝德,孙庆民,等.当归化学成分的研究[J].药学学报,1979,14(9):529-534.
[6] Lu G H,Chan K,Leung K,et al.Assay of free ferulic acid and total ferulic acid for quality assessment of Angelica sinensis[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2005,1068(2):209-219.
[7]杨帆,肖远胜,章飞芳,等.当归化学成分的HPLCMS/MS分析[J].药学学报,2006,41(11):1078-1083.
[8] Lu X H,Zhang J J,Liang H,et al.Chemical constituents of Angelica sinensis[J].Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences[J].2004,13(1):1-3.
[9]宋秋月,付迎波,刘江,等.当归的化学成分研究[J].中草药,2011,42(10):1900-1904.
[10]李谷才,魏文亭,高堂杰,等.当归总黄酮提取及其体外抑菌活性研究[J].时珍国医国药,2011,22(2):310-311.
[11]张宏意,罗连,余意,等.当归种质资源调查研究[J].中药材,2009,32(3):335-337.
[12]张萌,范荣静.甘肃岷县当归种植系统保护现状[J].古今农业,2017,4:107-111.
[13]张新慧,张恩和,王惠珍,等.连作对当归生长的障碍效应及机制研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(10):1231-1234.
[14]王惠珍,张恩和,高素芳,等.海拔对岷县当归产量调控及关键影响因子分析[J].中草药,2013,44(14):1990-1994.
[15]马毅,晋玲,王振恒,等.甘肃岷县不同海拔栽培当归多糖含量比较研究[J].中兽医医药杂志,2013,32(2):7-9.
[16]晋玲,金尧,王惠珍,等.海拔对当归产量和阿魏酸含量的影响[J].中兽医医药杂志,2014(3):47-49.
[17]马占川.漳县当归生产现状及发展对策[J].甘肃农业科技,2002(1):44-45.
[18]王勇.甘肃渭源当归生长现状及近期行情走势[J].全国药材信息,2010,25:14.
[19]马清俊,姚永芳.临夏州当归产业发展现状分析[J].农业科技与信息,2017,18:18.
[20]王惠珍,张新慧,李应东,等.轮作与连作当归光合特性和挥发油的比较[J].草业学报,2011,20(1):69-74.
[21]王小琴,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.药用作物茬口对当归苗栽生理生化特性的影响[J].中药材,2017,40(9):2002-2006.
[22]王田涛,王琦,王惠珍,等.连作条件下间作模式对当归生长特性和产量的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(2):54-61.
[23]张新慧,张恩和,王永捷,等.不同前茬对当归药材产量及品质的影响[J].中药材,2010,33(11):1678-1680.
[24]张新慧,张恩和,郎多勇,等.不同茬口对当归根际土壤酶活性及其产量和品质的影响[J].中草药,2011,42(11):2322-2325.
[25]张新慧,张恩和.不同茬口对当归根际微生物数量和产量的影响[J].中草药,2008,39(2):267-269.
[26] Dubois M,Gilles K A,Hamilton J K,et al.Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J].Analytical Chemistry,1956,28(3):350-356.
[27]栗孟飞,姚园园,杨林贵,等.狭叶红景天引种驯化后抗氧化能力、主要活性物质含量及挥发性组分的变化[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(9):2947-2954.
[28] Beato V M,Orgaz F,Mansilla F,et al.Changes in phenolic compounds in garlic(Allium sativum L.)owing to the cultivar and location of growth[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,2011,66(3):218-223.
[29] Lay M M,Karsani S A,Mohajer S,et al.Phytochemical constituents,nutritional values,phenolics,flavonols,flavonoids,antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies on Phaleria macrocarpa(Scheff.)Boerl fruits[J].BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2014,14(8):1187-1198.
[30] Nencini C,Menchiari A,Franchi G G,et al.In vitro antioxidant activity of aged extracts of some Italian Alliumspecies[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,2011,66:11-16.
[21] Li M F,Zhou L L,Yang D L,et al.Biochemical composition and antioxidant capacity of extracts from Podophyllum hexandrumrhizome[J].BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2012,12:163.
[32] Benzie I F F,Strain J J.The ferric reducing ability of plasma(FRAP)as a measure of"antioxidant power":the FRAP assay[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1996,239(1):70-76.
[33]田秀萍,邱泳宁.茬口对农作物产量影响的研究[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2000,12(1):19-23.
[34]王庆锁,张玉发,苏加楷,等.苜蓿-作物轮作研究[J].中国生态农业学报,1999,7(3):35-38.
[35]马啸,张有杰,刘国顺,等.连作对作物生长发育及品质和产量影响的研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2009,38(10):26-30.
[36]王乐宝,付东波,潘红雨.合理轮作对大豆产量及品质的影响[J].现代化农业,2012(2):10-11.
[37]张新慧,张恩和,王惠珍.连作对当归药材挥发油含量的影响[J].天然产物研究与开发,2009,21(2):274-277.
[38]惠继瑞.当归自毒作用研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2008.
[39]焦多礼.五种前茬作物对当归药材品质的影响[J].中国保健营养,2012,22(12):2274-2274.
[40]曹享云.营养胁迫与根系分泌物[J].土壤学进展,1994,22(3):28-32.
[41]吴辉,郑师章.根分泌物及其生态作用[J].生态学杂志,1992,11(6):42-47.
[42]Kent N K.Alfalfa root exudates and compounds which promote or inhibition induce of rhizobium melilot nodulation genes[J].Plant Physiology,1988(90):396-400.
[43] Liljeroth E,Bath E,Mathisson I,Root exudation and rhizoplane bacterial abundance of barley in ration to nitrogenfertilization and root growth[J].Plant and soil,1984,16(4):315-322.
[44]柴强,黄高宝.根系分泌物在不同播种模式中的化感效应研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2004,39(2):163-167.
[45]张新慧,张恩和.不同茬口对当归根际微生物数量和产量的影响[J].中草药,2008,39(2):267-269.
[46]张新慧,张恩和,郎多勇,等.不同茬口对当归根际土壤酶活性及其产量和品质的影响[J].中草药,2011,42(11):2322-2325.
[47]温健.不同茬口当归根际微生物多样性研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2008.
[48]张为政,祝廷成,张镇媛,等.作物茬口对土壤酶活性和微生物的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,1993,5:12-14.
[49]楚玉山,李进朝.粮草轮作是提高我区土壤肥力的一项有效措施[J].西藏农业科技,1987,Z1:1-5.
[50]向莉,任玉梅,孔建平,等.青稞优质高产栽培技术[J].农村科技,2014(5):3-4.
[51]吴平顺.青稞优质高产栽培技术[J].科学种养,2017(5):13-14.