强激光辐照前后钕玻璃中铂金颗粒夹杂物的电子探针显微分析
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摘要
采用电子探针显微分析(EPMA)技术分析和研究了强激光辐照前后连续熔炼钕玻璃中铂金颗粒的各种形态。强激光辐照后的铂金颗粒夹杂物呈现出3种典型的EPMA形貌,这是铂金颗粒吸收激光能量引起的热应力和蒸气压共同作用的结果,钕玻璃的热力学性质对其形态也有一定影响。对比锆和锡夹杂物的EPMA分布特性可以发现铂、锆、锡被共同包裹的现象。
The electron probe micro-analyzer(EPMA) technology is used to analyze and study various forms of platinum(Pt) particle inclusions in continuous-smelted Nd:glass before and after intense laser irradiation. After intense laser irradiation, platinum particle inclusions exhibit three typical EPMA morphology. Their forms come from the joint result of the thermal stress and vapor pressure caused by platinum particles absorbing laser energy. The thermodynamic properties of Nd:glass also have an effect on the morphology. The phenomenon of Pt-Zr-Sn being co-wrapped is found by comparing the EPMA distribution characteristics of zirconium and stannum impurity inclusions.
The electron probe micro-analyzer(EPMA) technology is used to analyze and study various forms of platinum(Pt) particle inclusions in continuous-smelted Nd:glass before and after intense laser irradiation. After intense laser irradiation, platinum particle inclusions exhibit three typical EPMA morphology. Their forms come from the joint result of the thermal stress and vapor pressure caused by platinum particles absorbing laser energy. The thermodynamic properties of Nd:glass also have an effect on the morphology. The phenomenon of Pt-Zr-Sn being co-wrapped is found by comparing the EPMA distribution characteristics of zirconium and stannum impurity inclusions.
引文
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[2] Zhuo D S, Liu G P, Zhang J Z, et al. Relationship between absorption spectrum of ionic platinum and density N of platinum particles in N21 phosphate laser glass[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 1993, 20(12): 926-930. 卓敦水, 刘国平, 张俊洲, 等. N21型磷酸盐激光玻璃中铂离子的吸收光谱及其与铂微粒的关系[J]. 中国激光, 1993, 20(12): 926-930.
[3] Suratwala T I, Campbell J H, Miller P E, et al. Phosphate laser glass for NIF: production status, slab selection, and recent technical advances[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 2004, 5341: 102-114.
[4] Schwartz S, Jennings R T, Kimmons J F, et al. Vendor-based laser damage metrology equipment supporting the National Ignition Facility[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 1999, 3492: 933-939.
[5] Kelly J H, Shoup M J, Tedrow M T. Effect of ionic and particulate platinum on the performance of large-aperture Nd:phosphate glass rod amplifiers[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 1992, 1627: 175-182.
[6] Rainer F. Mapping and inspection of damage and artifacts in large-scale optics[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 1998, 3244: 272-281.
[7] Campbell J H, Wallerstein E P, Hayden J S, et al. Elimination of platinum inclusions in phosphate laser glasses[R]. Livermor: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 1989: UCRL-53932.
[8] Sparks M, Duthler C J. Theory of infrared absorption and material failure in crystals containing inclusions[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1973, 44(7): 3038-3045.
[9] Huang P, Gan Z B, Li W Q, et al. Four-outputs Nd:glass pump source for large aperture Ti:sapphire amplifier[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2018, 45(8): 0801001. 黄培, 甘泽彪, 李文启, 等. 用于大口径钛宝石放大器的四路钕玻璃抽运源[J]. 中国激光, 2018, 45(8): 0801001.
[10] Liu J, Li L, Chen R F, et al. 100 J level active mirror Nd:glass laser amplifier[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2018, 45(5): 0501001. 刘晶, 李磊, 陈汝风, 等. 百焦耳级有源反射镜钕玻璃激光放大器[J]. 中国激光, 2018, 45(5): 0501001.
[11] He S B, Chen L, Chen Y B, et al. Thermal effect of N41 Nd:glass slab with 400 mm aperture[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2017, 44(5): 0501007. 贺少勃, 陈林, 陈远斌, 等. 400 mm口径N41钕玻璃片的热效应[J]. 中国激光, 2017, 44(5): 0501007.
[12] Hopper R W, Uhlmann D R. Mechanism of inclusion damage in laser glass[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1970, 41(10): 4023-4037.
[13] Bonneau F, Combis P, Rullier J L, et al. Study of UV laser interaction with gold nanoparticles embedded in silica[J]. Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics, 2002, 75(8): 803-815.
[14] Bonneau F, Combis P, Rullier J L, et al. Numerical simulations for description of UV laser interaction with gold nanoparticles embedded in silica[J]. Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics, 2004, 78(3/4): 447-452.
[15] Gruzdev V E, Gruzdeva A S. Blow-up behavior of high-power laser field in tiny nonabsorbing defects in transparent materials[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 1998, 3244: 634-641.
[16] Raze G, Loiseau M, Taroux D, et al. Growth of damage sites due to platinum inclusions in Nd-doped laser glass irradiated by the beam of a large-scale Nd: glass laser[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 2003, 4932: 415-421.
[17] Cheng J M, Zhou Q L, Chen W, et al. Detection of platinum particles in large diameter Nd:glass blank by high power laser radiation[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(11): 1106001. 程继萌, 周秦岭, 陈伟, 等. 大口径钕玻璃坯片中铂金颗粒的强激光辐照检测[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2017, 46(11): 1106001.
[18] Li Q, Wang X Y, Zhou B, et al. The solid defects in substrate glass for flat panel displays[J]. Materials Review, 2017, 31(S1): 108-112. 李青, 王肖义, 周波, 等. 平板显示基板玻璃中的固态缺陷[J]. 材料导报, 2017, 31(S1): 108-112.
[19] Hu P, Chen F L. Inclusion damage mechanisms of optical glass under laser irradiation[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2005, 17(7): 961-965. 胡鹏, 陈发良. 激光辐照下杂质诱导光学玻璃损伤的两种机理[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2005, 17(7): 961-965.
[20] Iida S, Sinzen H, Ono K, et al. Physics common datasheet[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1979. 饭田修一, 大野和郎, 神前熙, 等. 物理学常用数表[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1979.
[21] Gan F X, Dai Y M, Jiang Y S, et al. Optical glass[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing: Science Press, 1985. 干福熹, 戴英明, 蒋亚丝, 等. 光学玻璃[M]. 2版. 北京: 科学出版社, 1985.