肉仔鸡菜籽粕氨基酸标准回肠消化率的评定及预测方程的建立
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摘要
本试验旨在分析湖南省6种不同地区菜籽粕的18种氨基酸含量,测定14和28日龄肉仔鸡对6种不同地区菜籽粕中氨基酸的标准回肠消化率,并建立赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸及苏氨酸标准回肠消化率的预测方程。试验共选取700羽体重和健康状况一致的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,根据日龄分别进行2个阶段的试验。第1阶段(7～14日龄):将420羽肉仔鸡随机分为7个处理,每个处理10个重复,每个重复6羽;第2阶段(21～28日龄):将280羽肉仔鸡随机分为7个处理,每个处理10个重复,每个重复4羽。2个阶段中的7个处理分别为6个不同地区的菜籽粕采用全替代法设计的试验饲粮组和1个无氮饲粮组。分别在14和28日龄收集试验鸡回肠食糜用于测定菜籽粕氨基酸标准回肠消化率并通过回归分析建立预测方程。结果显示:14和28日龄肉仔鸡对菜籽粕中18种氨基酸标准回肠消化率的平均值波动范围分别为63.26%～79.58%和66.22%～80. 34%。14日龄肉仔鸡对菜籽粕中赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和色氨酸标准回肠消化率的预测方程分别为Lys=-90.81+4.562CP(R~2=0. 792,P <0. 05)、Met=110.644-2.810CF(R~2=0.845,P<0.05)、Trp=106.834-0.725NDF(R~2=0.989,P <0.05)和Thr=-79.357+4.284CP(R~2=0.715,P<0.05); 28日龄肉仔鸡对菜籽粕中赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和色氨酸标准回肠消化率的预测方程分别为Lys=161.02-2.002NDF(R~2=0. 957,P <0. 05)、Met=144.269-1.521NDF(R~2=0.831,P<0.05)、Trp=112.053-0.824NDF(R~2=0.999,P<0.05)和Thr=99.983-2.566CF(R~2=0.712,P<0.05)。上述预测方程中:Lys为赖氨酸标准回肠消化率; Met为蛋氨酸标准回肠消化率; Trp为色氨酸标准回肠消化率; Thr为苏氨酸标准回肠消化率; CP为粗蛋白质含量; CF为粗纤维含量; NDF为中性洗涤纤维含量。本试验通过分析粗蛋白质、粗纤维及中性洗涤纤维含量与氨基酸标准回肠消化率的相关关系,建立了14和28日龄肉仔鸡对湖南省菜籽粕中赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸和苏氨酸标准回肠消化率的预测方程,可为菜籽粕在肉仔鸡饲粮中的高效利用提供便利。
This experiment was aimed to analyze the contents of 18 kinds of amino acids of rapeseed meals in6 different areas from Hunan province,determine the amino acid standard ileal digestibility in rapeseed meals from 6 different areas in 14-day-old and 28-day-old broilers and establish the prediction equations of standard ileal digestibility of lysine (Lys),methionine (Met),tryptophan (Trp) and threonine (Thr). Seven hundred1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broiler chickens were divided into two test stages according to their age. The first stage (7 to 14 days of age) selected 420 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 7 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment and 6 broilers per replicate,the second stage (21 to 28 days of age) selected 280 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 7 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment and 4 broilers per replicate.The 7 treatments in two stages were made up of 6 experimental diet groups designed by full substitute for rapeseed meal from 6 different areas and 1 nitrogen free diet group. Collected to the ileal chyme of 14-day-old and28-day-old broilers to determine the standard ileal digestibility of amino acids in rapeseed meals and the prediction equations was established by regression analysis. The results showed as follows: the average fluctuation ranges of the standard ileal digestibility of amino acids in rapeseed meals in 14-day-old and 28-day-old broilers were 63.26% to 79.58% and 66.22% to 80.34%. For 14-day-old broilers,the prediction equations of standard ileal digestibility of Lys,M et,Trp and Thr in rapeseed meal were Lys =-90. 81 + 4. 562 CP (R~2= 0.792,P <0.05),Met = 110.644-2.810 CF (R~2= 0.845,P < 0.05),Trp = 106.834-0.725 NDF (R~2= 0.989,P < 0.05)and Thr =-79. 357 + 4.284 CP (R~2= 0. 715,P < 0. 05),respectively; for 28-day-old broilers,the prediction equations of standard ileal digestibility of Lys,Met,Trp and Thr in rapeseed meal were Lys = 161. 02-2.002 NDF (R~2= 0.957,P<0.05),Met = 144.269-1.521 NDF (R~2= 0.831,P < 0.05),Trp = 112.053-0.824 NDF (R~2= 0.999,P<0.05) and Thr = 99.983-2.566 CF (R~2= 0.712,P<0.05). In the above prediction equations,Lys was the standard ileal digestibility of Lys; Met was the standard ileal digestibility of M et; Trp was the standard ileal digestibility of Trp; Thr was the standard ileal digestibility of Thr; CP was the content of crude protein; CF was the content of crude fiber; NDF was the content of neutral detergent fiber. This experiment through analyzing the correlations between the contents of crude protein,crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber with the standard ileal digestibility of amino acids,established the prediction equations of standard ileal digestibility of Lys,M et,Trp and Thr in rapeseed meal from Hunan province of broilers aged 14 and 28 days,which can provide convenience for the efficient utilization of rapeseed meal in the diet of broiler chickens.
This experiment was aimed to analyze the contents of 18 kinds of amino acids of rapeseed meals in6 different areas from Hunan province,determine the amino acid standard ileal digestibility in rapeseed meals from 6 different areas in 14-day-old and 28-day-old broilers and establish the prediction equations of standard ileal digestibility of lysine (Lys),methionine (Met),tryptophan (Trp) and threonine (Thr). Seven hundred1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broiler chickens were divided into two test stages according to their age. The first stage (7 to 14 days of age) selected 420 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 7 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment and 6 broilers per replicate,the second stage (21 to 28 days of age) selected 280 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 7 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment and 4 broilers per replicate.The 7 treatments in two stages were made up of 6 experimental diet groups designed by full substitute for rapeseed meal from 6 different areas and 1 nitrogen free diet group. Collected to the ileal chyme of 14-day-old and28-day-old broilers to determine the standard ileal digestibility of amino acids in rapeseed meals and the prediction equations was established by regression analysis. The results showed as follows: the average fluctuation ranges of the standard ileal digestibility of amino acids in rapeseed meals in 14-day-old and 28-day-old broilers were 63.26% to 79.58% and 66.22% to 80.34%. For 14-day-old broilers,the prediction equations of standard ileal digestibility of Lys,M et,Trp and Thr in rapeseed meal were Lys =-90. 81 + 4. 562 CP (R~2= 0.792,P <0.05),Met = 110.644-2.810 CF (R~2= 0.845,P < 0.05),Trp = 106.834-0.725 NDF (R~2= 0.989,P < 0.05)and Thr =-79. 357 + 4.284 CP (R~2= 0. 715,P < 0. 05),respectively; for 28-day-old broilers,the prediction equations of standard ileal digestibility of Lys,Met,Trp and Thr in rapeseed meal were Lys = 161. 02-2.002 NDF (R~2= 0.957,P<0.05),Met = 144.269-1.521 NDF (R~2= 0.831,P < 0.05),Trp = 112.053-0.824 NDF (R~2= 0.999,P<0.05) and Thr = 99.983-2.566 CF (R~2= 0.712,P<0.05). In the above prediction equations,Lys was the standard ileal digestibility of Lys; Met was the standard ileal digestibility of M et; Trp was the standard ileal digestibility of Trp; Thr was the standard ileal digestibility of Thr; CP was the content of crude protein; CF was the content of crude fiber; NDF was the content of neutral detergent fiber. This experiment through analyzing the correlations between the contents of crude protein,crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber with the standard ileal digestibility of amino acids,established the prediction equations of standard ileal digestibility of Lys,M et,Trp and Thr in rapeseed meal from Hunan province of broilers aged 14 and 28 days,which can provide convenience for the efficient utilization of rapeseed meal in the diet of broiler chickens.
引文
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[11]章双杰,吕晓娟,吴华俊,等.饲料中使用棉仁粕、菜籽粕对种鸡生产性能的影响[J].中国家禽,2007,29(17):21-23.
[12]HUANG K H,RAVINDRAN V,LI X,et al.Influence of age on the apparent ileal amino acid digestibility of feed ingredients for broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science,2005,46(2):236-245.
[13]阮晖,牛冬.热应激降低肉鸡小肠消化酶活性的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2001,37(3):16-17.
[14]张铁鹰,汪儆,李永清.0~49日龄肉仔鸡消化参数的变化规律研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2005,32(1):6-10.
[15]刘宇,董平,梁兴国.胃蛋白酶的分离现状及其活性研究进展[J].生物学杂志,2016,33(3):75-79.
[16]雷廷,呙于明,王耀辉,等.饼粕类饲料原料中添加果胶酶对肉鸡回肠氨基酸消化率和代谢能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(2):453-465.
[17]徐敏.华中地区菜籽粕营养价值及其代谢率预测方程研究[D].硕士学位论文.武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[18]李明.菜籽饼粕饲料猪消化能及养分消化率预测模型的研究[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2011.
[2]苗静平.菜籽粕在饲料生产上的应用前景[J].饲料广角,2014(5):40-41,51.
[3]张涛,李蕾,朴香淑.菜籽饼(粕)营养特点及其在猪饲料中的应用[J].饲料研究,2013(9):26-31.
[4]岳隆耀,谯仕彦.菜籽粕营养价值总结[J].饲料与畜牧,2009(3):13-16.
[5]蒋纯卫,呙于明,王永伟,等.无氮饲粮对肉鸡盲肠微生物菌群结构及内源氨基酸基础损失量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(10):1878-1887.
[6]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T14699.1-2005/ISO6497:2002饲料采样[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.
[7]熊本海,罗清尧,周正奎,等.中国饲料成分及营养价值表(2017年第28版)制订说明[J].中国饲料,2017(21):31-41.
[8]孙晓东,王雅琴.新型蛋氨酸测定方法的建立[J].食品科学,2004,25(12):159-161.
[9]BAIDOO S K,AHERNE F X,MITARU B N,et al.Canola meal as a protein supplement for grow ing-finishing pigs[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1987,18(1):37-44.
[10]胡永娜.微生物发酵菜籽粕营养价值的评定及其对肉仔鸡生长发育的影响[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2011.
[11]章双杰,吕晓娟,吴华俊,等.饲料中使用棉仁粕、菜籽粕对种鸡生产性能的影响[J].中国家禽,2007,29(17):21-23.
[12]HUANG K H,RAVINDRAN V,LI X,et al.Influence of age on the apparent ileal amino acid digestibility of feed ingredients for broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science,2005,46(2):236-245.
[13]阮晖,牛冬.热应激降低肉鸡小肠消化酶活性的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2001,37(3):16-17.
[14]张铁鹰,汪儆,李永清.0~49日龄肉仔鸡消化参数的变化规律研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2005,32(1):6-10.
[15]刘宇,董平,梁兴国.胃蛋白酶的分离现状及其活性研究进展[J].生物学杂志,2016,33(3):75-79.
[16]雷廷,呙于明,王耀辉,等.饼粕类饲料原料中添加果胶酶对肉鸡回肠氨基酸消化率和代谢能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(2):453-465.
[17]徐敏.华中地区菜籽粕营养价值及其代谢率预测方程研究[D].硕士学位论文.武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[18]李明.菜籽饼粕饲料猪消化能及养分消化率预测模型的研究[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2011.
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