LED光色和光照强度对肉仔鸡生产性能和行为的影响
|
摘要
【目的】研究LED光色和光照强度对肉仔鸡生产性能和行为的影响,为提高肉仔鸡生产性能和福利水平提供理论参考。【方法】将18日龄的爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡分别用不同光强(5,50和100lx)的LED红光(RL)、白光(WL)和蓝光(BL)照射,每日16h光照、8h黑暗(06:00开灯,22:00关灯),共21d,测定光色和光强对肉仔鸡生产性能(平均日采食量、平均日增重和料肉比)和行为(采食、饮水和行走等)的影响。【结果】不同LED光色下光照强度对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响不同,红光下5,50和100lx 3种光强对肉仔鸡的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)及料肉比(F/G)均无显著影响(P>0.05);5lx白光下肉仔鸡的平均日增重显著高于50lx(P<0.05);而50lx蓝光下肉仔鸡的平均日采食量显著高于5lx(P<0.05)。不同LED光色下的光照强度对肉仔鸡行为的影响也不一致,红光下光强显著影响肉仔鸡的采食、饮水和站立时间(P<0.05),极显著影响其行走和趴卧时间(P<0.01);白光下光强显著影响肉仔鸡的采食时间(P<0.05),极显著影响其趴卧时间(P<0.01);蓝光下光强显著影响肉仔鸡的采食、趴卧和伸展时间(P<0.05)。【结论】5lx白光有利于肉仔鸡生长,50lx蓝光则会促进肉仔鸡采食。5lx光强下红、白和蓝光均可使肉仔鸡的趴卧时间延长,并减少采食时间;5lx红光可增加肉仔鸡站立时间,而减少饮水和行走时间;100lx蓝光可延长肉仔鸡伸展时间。
【Objective】This experiment investigated the effects of LED light color and intensity on productive performance and behavior of broilers to provide reference for improving productive performance and welfare of broiler chickens.【Method】Arbor Acres(AA)broilers at the age of 18 days were reared in three light intensities(5,50 and 100lx)and three colors(red light(RL),white light(WL)and blue light(BL)).It was scheduled for 16 hof light and 8hof dark(lights on at 06:00and off at 22:00)each day,and the experiment lasted 21 d.Effects of light color and intensity on productive performance(ADFI,ADG and F/G)and behaviors(feeding,drinking,and walking)of broilers were measured during the entire experi-ment.【Result】Effects of LED light color and intensity on productive performance of broilers were different.No significant differences in ADFI,ADG,F/G of broilers were found in 5,50 and 100lx at RL(P>0.05).ADG in 5lx was better than that in 50 lx at WL(P<0.05).However,ADFI in 50 lx was higher than that in 5lx at BL(P<0.05).Effects of LED light color and intensity on behaviors of broilers were inconsistent.Light intensity at RL significantly affected time spent in feeding,drinking and standing(P<0.05),and extremely significantly affected time spent in walking and lying(P<0.01).Light intensity at WL significantly affected time spent in feeding(P<0.05),and extremely significantly affected on time spent in lying(P<0.01).Light intensity of BL significantly affected time spent in feeding,lying and stretching(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Growth of broilers was increased in 5lx at WL,while ADFI was enhanced in 50 lx at BL.RL,WL and BL at 5lx increased the time spent in lying while reduced time spent in feeding.Application of 5lx at RL led to significant increase of time spent in standing and decrease of time spent in drinking and walking.Time spent in stretching of broilers was enhanced by 100 lx at BL.
【Objective】This experiment investigated the effects of LED light color and intensity on productive performance and behavior of broilers to provide reference for improving productive performance and welfare of broiler chickens.【Method】Arbor Acres(AA)broilers at the age of 18 days were reared in three light intensities(5,50 and 100lx)and three colors(red light(RL),white light(WL)and blue light(BL)).It was scheduled for 16 hof light and 8hof dark(lights on at 06:00and off at 22:00)each day,and the experiment lasted 21 d.Effects of light color and intensity on productive performance(ADFI,ADG and F/G)and behaviors(feeding,drinking,and walking)of broilers were measured during the entire experi-ment.【Result】Effects of LED light color and intensity on productive performance of broilers were different.No significant differences in ADFI,ADG,F/G of broilers were found in 5,50 and 100lx at RL(P>0.05).ADG in 5lx was better than that in 50 lx at WL(P<0.05).However,ADFI in 50 lx was higher than that in 5lx at BL(P<0.05).Effects of LED light color and intensity on behaviors of broilers were inconsistent.Light intensity at RL significantly affected time spent in feeding,drinking and standing(P<0.05),and extremely significantly affected time spent in walking and lying(P<0.01).Light intensity at WL significantly affected time spent in feeding(P<0.05),and extremely significantly affected on time spent in lying(P<0.01).Light intensity of BL significantly affected time spent in feeding,lying and stretching(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Growth of broilers was increased in 5lx at WL,while ADFI was enhanced in 50 lx at BL.RL,WL and BL at 5lx increased the time spent in lying while reduced time spent in feeding.Application of 5lx at RL led to significant increase of time spent in standing and decrease of time spent in drinking and walking.Time spent in stretching of broilers was enhanced by 100 lx at BL.
引文
[1] Lewis P D,Morris T R.Poultry and coloured light[J].World’s Poultry Science Journal,2000,56(3):189-207.
[2]谢电,陈耀星,王子旭,等.单色光对肉鸡免疫功能的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2007,38(7):744-747.Xie D,Chen Y X,Wang Z X,et al.Effects of monochromatic light on immune function of broilers[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2007,38(7):744-747.
[3]泮进明,王小双,蒋劲松,等.家禽规模养殖LED光环境调控技术进展与趋势分析[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(9):231-241.Pan J M,Wang X S,Jiang J S,et al.Advancement and trend of LED light environment control technology for intensive poultry production[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(9):231-241.
[4] Parvin R,Mushtaq M M H,Kim M J,et al.Light emitting diode(LED)as a source of monochromatic light:a novel lighting approach for immunity and meat quality of poultry[J].Worlds Poultry Science Journal,2014,70(3):543-556.
[5] Mendes A S,Paix2o S J,Restelatto R,et al.Performance and preference of broiler chickens exposed to different lighting sources[J].Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2013,22(1):62-70.
[6] Huth J C,Archer G S.Comparison of two LED light bulbs to a dimmable CFL and their effects on broiler chicken growth,stress,and fear[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(9):2027-2036.
[7] Archer G S.Comparison of incandescent,CFL,LED and bird level LED lighting:growth,fear and stress[J].International Journal of Poultry Science,2015,14(8):449-455.
[8] Rogers A G,Pritchett E M,Alphin R L,et al.Evaluation of the impact of alternative light technology on male broiler chicken growth,feed conversion,and allometric characteristics[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(3):408-414.
[9] Olanrewaju H A,Purswell J L,Collier S D,et al.Effects of color temperatures(Kelvin)of LED bulbs on blood physiological variables of broilers grown to heavy weights[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(8):1721-1728.
[10] Newberry R C,Hunt J R,Gardiner E E.Influence of light intensity on behavior and performance of broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,1988,67(7):1020-1025.
[11] Alvino G M,Archer G S,Mench J A.Behavioural time budgets of broiler chickens reared in varying light intensities[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2009,118(2):54-61.
[12] Yahav S,Hurwitz S,Rozenboim I.The effect of light intensity on growth and development of turkey toms[J].British Poultry Science,2000,41(1):101-106.
[13] Rozenboim I,Biran I,Uni Z,et al.The effect of monochromatic light on broiler growth and development[J].Poultry Science,1999,78(1):135-138.
[14] Cao J,Liu W,Wang Z,et al.Green and blue monochromatic lights promote growth and development of broilers via stimulating testosterone secretion and myofiber growth[J].The Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2008,17(2):211-218.
[15] Prayitno D S,Phillips C J,Omed H.The effects of color of lighting on the behavior and production of meat chickens[J].Poultry Science,1997,76(3):452-457.
[16] Prayitno D S,Phillips C J,Stokes D K.The effects of color and intensity of light on behavior and leg disorders in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,1997,76(12):1674-1681.
[17] Senaratna D,Samarakone T S,Madusanka A A P,et al.Preference of broiler chicken for different light colors in relation to age,session of the day and behavior[J].Tropical Agricultural Research,2012,23(3):193-203.
[18] Kristensen H H,Prescott N B,Perry G C,et al.The behaviour of broiler chickens in different light sources and illuminances[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2007,103(1):75-89.
[19] Kim N,Lee S R,Lee S J.Effects of light color on energy expenditure and behavior in broiler chickens[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(7):1044-1049.
[20] Lien R J,Hess J B,Mckee S R.Effect of light intensity and photoperiod on live performance,heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and processing yields of broilers[J].Poultry Science,2007,86(7):1287-1293.
[21] Mobarkey N,Avital N,Heiblum R,et al.The role of retinal and extra-retinal photostimulation in reproductive activity in broiler breeder hens[J].Domestic Animal Endocrinology,2010,38(4):235-243.
[22] Alvino G M,Blatchford R A,Archer G S,et al.Light intensity during rearing affects the behavioural synchrony and resting patterns of broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science,2009,50(3):275-283.
[23] Bookkers E A M,Koene P.Behaviour of fast-and slow growing broilers to 12weeks of age and the physical consequences[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2003,81(1):59-72.
[24] Kristensen H H,Perry G C,Prescott N B,et al.Leg health and performance of broiler chickens reared in different light environments[J].British Poultry Science,2006,47(3):257-263.
[25] Kristensen H H,Aerts J M,Leroy T.Modelling the dynamic activity of broiler chickens in response to step-wise changes in light intensity[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2006,101(1):125-143.
[26] Newberry R C,Hunt J R,Gardiner E E.Effect of alternating lights and strain on behavior and leg disorders of roaster chickens[J].Poultry Science,1985,64(10):1863-1868.
[27] Boshouwers F M G,Nicaise E.Physical activity and energy expenditure of laying hens as affected by light intensity[J].British Poultry Science,1987,28(1):155-163.
[28] Charles R G,Robinson F E,Hardin R T,et al.Growth,body composition,and plasma androgen concentration of male broiler chickens subjected to different regimens of photoperiod and light intensity[J].Poultry Science,1992,71(10):1595-1605.
[29] Blatchford R A,Klasing K C,Shivaprasad H L,et al.The effect of light intensity on the behavior,eye and leg health,and immune function of broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2009,88(1):20-28.
[30] Chen F,Reheman A,Cao J,et al.Effect of melatonin on monochromatic light-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation in the thymus of chickens[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:Biology,2016,161:9-16.
[31] Li S,Cao J,Wang Z,et al.Melatonin mediates monochromatic light-induced insulin-like growth factor 1secretion of chick liver:involvement of membrane receptors[J].Photochemistry and Photobiology,2016,92(4):595-603.
[32] Bai X,Wang Y,Wang Z,et al.In ovo exposure to monochromatic lights affect posthatch muscle growth and satellite cell proliferation of chicks:role of IGF-1[J].Growth Factors,2016,34(3/4):107-118.
[33]曹静,陈耀星,王子旭,等.单色光对肉鸡生长发育的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(10):2350-2354.Cao J,Chen Y X,Wang Z X,et al.Effect of monochromatic light on broiler growth[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(10):2350-2354.
[34] Xie D,Wang Z X,Dong Y L,et al.Effects of monochromatic light on immune response of broilers[J].Poultry Science,2008,87(8):1535-1539.
[35]胡易,姜楠,陈耀星,等.单色光对肉鸡体质量和小肠免疫应激相关因子IL-6与TNF-α表达的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(9):1479-1482.Hu Y,Jiang N,Chen Y X,et al.Effect of monochromatic light on body weight and expression of IL-6and TNF-αin small intestine of broilers[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2012,43(9):1479-1482.
[36] Hughes B O,Black A J.The effect of environmental factors on activity,selected behaviour patterns and“fear”of fowls in cages and pens[J].British Poultry Science,1974,15(4):375-380.
[37]王永芬,席磊,赵亚军,等.栖架式舍饲散养模式对蛋鸡行为与鸡舍环境的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(1):21-27.Wang Y F,Xi L,Zhao Y J,et al.Effects of housing range mode with perches on behavior of laying hens and environment of henhouse[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Nat Sci Ed),2017,45(1):21-27.
[38] Deep A,Schwean-Lardner K,Crowe T G,et al.Effect of light intensity on broiler behaviour and diurnal rhythms[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2012,136(1):50-56.
[39] Sultana S,Hassan M R,Choe H S,et al.The effect of monochromatic and mixed LED light colour on the behaviour and fear responses of broiler chicken[J].Avian Biology Research,2013,6(3):207-214.
[40] Olanrewaju H A,Miller W W,Maslin W R,et al.Effects of light sources and intensity on broilers grown to heavy weights:Part 1.Growth performance,carcass characteristics,and welfare indices[J].Poultry Science,2016,95(4):727-735.
[2]谢电,陈耀星,王子旭,等.单色光对肉鸡免疫功能的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2007,38(7):744-747.Xie D,Chen Y X,Wang Z X,et al.Effects of monochromatic light on immune function of broilers[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2007,38(7):744-747.
[3]泮进明,王小双,蒋劲松,等.家禽规模养殖LED光环境调控技术进展与趋势分析[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(9):231-241.Pan J M,Wang X S,Jiang J S,et al.Advancement and trend of LED light environment control technology for intensive poultry production[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(9):231-241.
[4] Parvin R,Mushtaq M M H,Kim M J,et al.Light emitting diode(LED)as a source of monochromatic light:a novel lighting approach for immunity and meat quality of poultry[J].Worlds Poultry Science Journal,2014,70(3):543-556.
[5] Mendes A S,Paix2o S J,Restelatto R,et al.Performance and preference of broiler chickens exposed to different lighting sources[J].Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2013,22(1):62-70.
[6] Huth J C,Archer G S.Comparison of two LED light bulbs to a dimmable CFL and their effects on broiler chicken growth,stress,and fear[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(9):2027-2036.
[7] Archer G S.Comparison of incandescent,CFL,LED and bird level LED lighting:growth,fear and stress[J].International Journal of Poultry Science,2015,14(8):449-455.
[8] Rogers A G,Pritchett E M,Alphin R L,et al.Evaluation of the impact of alternative light technology on male broiler chicken growth,feed conversion,and allometric characteristics[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(3):408-414.
[9] Olanrewaju H A,Purswell J L,Collier S D,et al.Effects of color temperatures(Kelvin)of LED bulbs on blood physiological variables of broilers grown to heavy weights[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(8):1721-1728.
[10] Newberry R C,Hunt J R,Gardiner E E.Influence of light intensity on behavior and performance of broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,1988,67(7):1020-1025.
[11] Alvino G M,Archer G S,Mench J A.Behavioural time budgets of broiler chickens reared in varying light intensities[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2009,118(2):54-61.
[12] Yahav S,Hurwitz S,Rozenboim I.The effect of light intensity on growth and development of turkey toms[J].British Poultry Science,2000,41(1):101-106.
[13] Rozenboim I,Biran I,Uni Z,et al.The effect of monochromatic light on broiler growth and development[J].Poultry Science,1999,78(1):135-138.
[14] Cao J,Liu W,Wang Z,et al.Green and blue monochromatic lights promote growth and development of broilers via stimulating testosterone secretion and myofiber growth[J].The Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2008,17(2):211-218.
[15] Prayitno D S,Phillips C J,Omed H.The effects of color of lighting on the behavior and production of meat chickens[J].Poultry Science,1997,76(3):452-457.
[16] Prayitno D S,Phillips C J,Stokes D K.The effects of color and intensity of light on behavior and leg disorders in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,1997,76(12):1674-1681.
[17] Senaratna D,Samarakone T S,Madusanka A A P,et al.Preference of broiler chicken for different light colors in relation to age,session of the day and behavior[J].Tropical Agricultural Research,2012,23(3):193-203.
[18] Kristensen H H,Prescott N B,Perry G C,et al.The behaviour of broiler chickens in different light sources and illuminances[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2007,103(1):75-89.
[19] Kim N,Lee S R,Lee S J.Effects of light color on energy expenditure and behavior in broiler chickens[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(7):1044-1049.
[20] Lien R J,Hess J B,Mckee S R.Effect of light intensity and photoperiod on live performance,heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and processing yields of broilers[J].Poultry Science,2007,86(7):1287-1293.
[21] Mobarkey N,Avital N,Heiblum R,et al.The role of retinal and extra-retinal photostimulation in reproductive activity in broiler breeder hens[J].Domestic Animal Endocrinology,2010,38(4):235-243.
[22] Alvino G M,Blatchford R A,Archer G S,et al.Light intensity during rearing affects the behavioural synchrony and resting patterns of broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science,2009,50(3):275-283.
[23] Bookkers E A M,Koene P.Behaviour of fast-and slow growing broilers to 12weeks of age and the physical consequences[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2003,81(1):59-72.
[24] Kristensen H H,Perry G C,Prescott N B,et al.Leg health and performance of broiler chickens reared in different light environments[J].British Poultry Science,2006,47(3):257-263.
[25] Kristensen H H,Aerts J M,Leroy T.Modelling the dynamic activity of broiler chickens in response to step-wise changes in light intensity[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2006,101(1):125-143.
[26] Newberry R C,Hunt J R,Gardiner E E.Effect of alternating lights and strain on behavior and leg disorders of roaster chickens[J].Poultry Science,1985,64(10):1863-1868.
[27] Boshouwers F M G,Nicaise E.Physical activity and energy expenditure of laying hens as affected by light intensity[J].British Poultry Science,1987,28(1):155-163.
[28] Charles R G,Robinson F E,Hardin R T,et al.Growth,body composition,and plasma androgen concentration of male broiler chickens subjected to different regimens of photoperiod and light intensity[J].Poultry Science,1992,71(10):1595-1605.
[29] Blatchford R A,Klasing K C,Shivaprasad H L,et al.The effect of light intensity on the behavior,eye and leg health,and immune function of broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2009,88(1):20-28.
[30] Chen F,Reheman A,Cao J,et al.Effect of melatonin on monochromatic light-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation in the thymus of chickens[J].Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:Biology,2016,161:9-16.
[31] Li S,Cao J,Wang Z,et al.Melatonin mediates monochromatic light-induced insulin-like growth factor 1secretion of chick liver:involvement of membrane receptors[J].Photochemistry and Photobiology,2016,92(4):595-603.
[32] Bai X,Wang Y,Wang Z,et al.In ovo exposure to monochromatic lights affect posthatch muscle growth and satellite cell proliferation of chicks:role of IGF-1[J].Growth Factors,2016,34(3/4):107-118.
[33]曹静,陈耀星,王子旭,等.单色光对肉鸡生长发育的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(10):2350-2354.Cao J,Chen Y X,Wang Z X,et al.Effect of monochromatic light on broiler growth[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(10):2350-2354.
[34] Xie D,Wang Z X,Dong Y L,et al.Effects of monochromatic light on immune response of broilers[J].Poultry Science,2008,87(8):1535-1539.
[35]胡易,姜楠,陈耀星,等.单色光对肉鸡体质量和小肠免疫应激相关因子IL-6与TNF-α表达的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(9):1479-1482.Hu Y,Jiang N,Chen Y X,et al.Effect of monochromatic light on body weight and expression of IL-6and TNF-αin small intestine of broilers[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2012,43(9):1479-1482.
[36] Hughes B O,Black A J.The effect of environmental factors on activity,selected behaviour patterns and“fear”of fowls in cages and pens[J].British Poultry Science,1974,15(4):375-380.
[37]王永芬,席磊,赵亚军,等.栖架式舍饲散养模式对蛋鸡行为与鸡舍环境的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(1):21-27.Wang Y F,Xi L,Zhao Y J,et al.Effects of housing range mode with perches on behavior of laying hens and environment of henhouse[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Nat Sci Ed),2017,45(1):21-27.
[38] Deep A,Schwean-Lardner K,Crowe T G,et al.Effect of light intensity on broiler behaviour and diurnal rhythms[J].Applied Animal Behaviour Science,2012,136(1):50-56.
[39] Sultana S,Hassan M R,Choe H S,et al.The effect of monochromatic and mixed LED light colour on the behaviour and fear responses of broiler chicken[J].Avian Biology Research,2013,6(3):207-214.
[40] Olanrewaju H A,Miller W W,Maslin W R,et al.Effects of light sources and intensity on broilers grown to heavy weights:Part 1.Growth performance,carcass characteristics,and welfare indices[J].Poultry Science,2016,95(4):727-735.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |