径流中氮和磷在生物滞留池中的迁移及去除机理
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摘要
生物滞留池是一种可以在源头控制地表径流污染物排放的措施。采用砂、土混合物(体积比为4∶6)作为填料,研究了生物滞留池对地表径流中氨氮、硝态氮和总磷的去除效果,并采用CXTFIT 2. 0软件对试验结果进行模拟。另外,利用吸附试验对氨氮、硝态氮和总磷在生物滞留池中的去除机理进行了解析。结果表明,生物滞留池对氨氮、硝态氮和总磷的去除过程可以采用CXTFIT 2. 0软件进行模拟;氨氮、硝态氮和总磷穿透过程拟合出的阻滞系数(R_d)越大,生物滞留池对其去除效果越好,其中,对氨氮的去除效果最好(R_d=8),对总磷的去除效果较好(R_d=7),对硝态氮的去除效果极其有限(R_d=0. 8);生物滞留池对氨氮和总磷的去除都是有利吸附,且以不均匀的吸附方式为主。
Bioretention tank is a measure to control surface runoff pollutant discharge from the source. The removal effect of NH_4~+ -N,NO_3~- -N and TP of surface runoff was investigated in a bioretention tank,which was filled with sand and soil mixture with a volume ratio of 4 ∶ 6. Moreover,the CXTFIT 2. 0 software was adopted to simulate the experimental results. The removal mechanism of TP,NH_4~+ -N and NO+3~- -N in the bioretention tank was analyzed by adsorption experiments. The results showed that the removal process of NH_4~+ -N,NO_3~- -N and TP in the bioretention tank could be simulated by CXTFIT 2. 0 software. The larger the retardation coefficient (Rd) fitted by penetration process of NH_4~+ -N,NO_3~- -N and TP,the better the removal effect of NH_4~+ -N,NO_3~- -N and TP could be obtained in the bioretention tank. Among them,the removal effect of NH_4~+ -N was the best (R_d= 8),and the removal effect of TP was better when R_d was equal to 7,while the removal effect of NO_3~- -N was extremely limited when the optimal R_d was 0. 8. The removal of NH_4~+ -N and TP in the bioretention tank were both effective adsorption,which were mainly uneven adsorption.
Bioretention tank is a measure to control surface runoff pollutant discharge from the source. The removal effect of NH_4~+ -N,NO_3~- -N and TP of surface runoff was investigated in a bioretention tank,which was filled with sand and soil mixture with a volume ratio of 4 ∶ 6. Moreover,the CXTFIT 2. 0 software was adopted to simulate the experimental results. The removal mechanism of TP,NH_4~+ -N and NO+3~- -N in the bioretention tank was analyzed by adsorption experiments. The results showed that the removal process of NH_4~+ -N,NO_3~- -N and TP in the bioretention tank could be simulated by CXTFIT 2. 0 software. The larger the retardation coefficient (Rd) fitted by penetration process of NH_4~+ -N,NO_3~- -N and TP,the better the removal effect of NH_4~+ -N,NO_3~- -N and TP could be obtained in the bioretention tank. Among them,the removal effect of NH_4~+ -N was the best (R_d= 8),and the removal effect of TP was better when R_d was equal to 7,while the removal effect of NO_3~- -N was extremely limited when the optimal R_d was 0. 8. The removal of NH_4~+ -N and TP in the bioretention tank were both effective adsorption,which were mainly uneven adsorption.
引文
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[3]胡爱兵,李子富,张书函,等.模拟生物滞留池净化城市机动车道路雨水径流[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(13):75-79.Hu Aibing,Li Zifu,Zhang Shuhan,et al.Simulated bioretention pond for improving quality of stormwater runoff on urban traffic road[J].China Water&Wastewater,2012,28(13):75-79(in Chinese).
[4]Mastrocicco M,Boz B,Colombani N,et al.Modelling groundwater residence time in a sub-irrigated buffer zone[J].Ecohydrology,2014,7(3):1054-1063.
[5]杨文涛,刘春平,文红艳.一种估计溶质运移参数的统计-确定性方法[J].勘察科学技术,2006(5):16-19.Yang Wentao,Liu Chunping,Wen Hongyan.A statisticdetermined method for estimation of solute transport parameters in porous media[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2006(5):16-19(in Chinese).
[6]赵雪松,胡小贞,卢少勇,等.不同粒径方解石在不同p H值时对磷的等温吸附特征与吸附效果[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(9):1872-1877.Zhao Xuesong,Hu Xiaozhen,Lu Shaoyong,et al.Phosphorus sorption by natural calcite and the effects of p H and grain size[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2008,28(9):1872-1877(in Chinese).
[7]卢少勇,万正芬,李锋民,等.29种湿地填料对氨氮的吸附解吸性能比较[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(8):1187-1194.Lu Shaoyong,Wan Zhengfen,Li Fengmin,et al.Ammonia nitrogen adsorption and desorption characteristics of twenty-nine kinds of constructed wetland substrates[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(8):1187-1194(in Chinese).
[8]Zinger Y,Blecken G T,Fletcher T D,et al.Optimising nitrogen removal in existing stormwater biofilters:Benefits and tradeoffs of a retrofitted saturated zone[J].Ecol Eng,2013,51:75-82.
[9]Kim H,Seagren E A,Davis A P.Engineered bioretention for removal of nitrate from stormwater runoff[J].Water Environ Res,2003,75(4):355-367.
[10]Li L,Davis A P.Urban stormwater runoff nitrogen composition and fate in bioretention systems[J].Environ Sci Technol,2014,48(6):3403-3410.
[11]Hatt B E,Fletcher T D,Deletic A.Hydraulic and pollutant removal performance of fine media stormwater filtration systems[J].Environ Sci Technol,2008,42(7):2535-2541.