不同施钙量对花生荚果发育时期农艺性状的影响
|
摘要
本研究以花育22(不耐低钙)和L-2010(耐低钙)为材料,采用盆栽试验,设置0(T0)、150(T1)和300kg/hm~2(T2)三个钙肥梯度处理,研究施钙对花生不同荚果发育时期植株农艺性状及干物重的影响。结果表明,施用钙肥对两品种花生主茎高、侧枝长、地上部干物重均有影响,花育22和L-2010茎和叶片干物重均在荚果定型期达到最大,之后开始缓慢减少,至籽仁成熟期,相对于荚果定型期而言,花育22茎干物重分别降低T0:2.5%,T1:30.0%,T2:2.5%,叶片干物重分别降低T0:60.2%,T1:69.5%,T2:66.3%,L-2010茎干物重分别降低T0:4.5%,T1:4.5%,T2:16.6%,叶片干物重分别降低T0:48.4%,T1:48.5%,T2:49.0%;花育22和L-2010根干物质积累在籽仁充实期达到最大,之后逐渐降低,至籽仁成熟期;相对于充实期而言,花育22根干物重分别降低T0:36.5%,T1:22.4%,T2:56.8%,L-2010分别降低T0:60.8%,T1:37.8%,T2:27.4%。表明施用钙肥可调节地上部和地下部干物质积累,为最终产量的提高打下基础。
In this study,Huayu22(low calcium intolerance)and L-2010(low calcium tolerance)were used as experimental materials and pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of calcium fertilizer application on the agronomic traits and dry matter accumulation of peanut plants at different pod development stages by applying 0(T0),150(T1)and 300 kg/ha(T2)calcium fertilizers.The results showed that the application of calcium fertilizer had an effect on the height of the main stem,the length of lateral branches and the accumulation of dry matter in the shoot of peanut varieties.The dry matter weight of stems and leaves of Huayu22 and L-2010 reached the maximum at the pod setting stage,then began to decrease slowly.At the seed ripening stage,compared with the pod setting stage,the dry matter weight of stems of Huayu22 decreased by T0:2.5%,T1:30.0%,T2:2.5%,and the dry matter weight of leaves decreased by T0:60.2%,T1:69.5%,T2:66.3%,respectively.Stem dry matter weight of L-2010 decreased by T0:4.5%,T1:4.5%,T2:16.6%,leaf dry weight decreased by T0:48.4%,T1:48.5%,T2:49%,respectively.The root dry matter accumulation of Huayu22 and L-2010 reached the maximum at the seed filling stage,then gradually decreased,until the seed ripening stage,root dry matter weight of Huayu22 decreased by T0:36.5%,T1:22.4%,T2:56.8%,respectively,and that of L-2010 decreased by T0:60.8%,T1:37.8%and T2:27.4%respectively.The results showed that the application of calcium fertilizer could regulate the accumulation of dry matter above and below ground,and lay a foundation for the improvement of final yield.
In this study,Huayu22(low calcium intolerance)and L-2010(low calcium tolerance)were used as experimental materials and pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of calcium fertilizer application on the agronomic traits and dry matter accumulation of peanut plants at different pod development stages by applying 0(T0),150(T1)and 300 kg/ha(T2)calcium fertilizers.The results showed that the application of calcium fertilizer had an effect on the height of the main stem,the length of lateral branches and the accumulation of dry matter in the shoot of peanut varieties.The dry matter weight of stems and leaves of Huayu22 and L-2010 reached the maximum at the pod setting stage,then began to decrease slowly.At the seed ripening stage,compared with the pod setting stage,the dry matter weight of stems of Huayu22 decreased by T0:2.5%,T1:30.0%,T2:2.5%,and the dry matter weight of leaves decreased by T0:60.2%,T1:69.5%,T2:66.3%,respectively.Stem dry matter weight of L-2010 decreased by T0:4.5%,T1:4.5%,T2:16.6%,leaf dry weight decreased by T0:48.4%,T1:48.5%,T2:49%,respectively.The root dry matter accumulation of Huayu22 and L-2010 reached the maximum at the seed filling stage,then gradually decreased,until the seed ripening stage,root dry matter weight of Huayu22 decreased by T0:36.5%,T1:22.4%,T2:56.8%,respectively,and that of L-2010 decreased by T0:60.8%,T1:37.8%and T2:27.4%respectively.The results showed that the application of calcium fertilizer could regulate the accumulation of dry matter above and below ground,and lay a foundation for the improvement of final yield.
引文
[1]VARSHNEY R K,PANDEY M K,PUPPALA N.The Peanut Genome:An Introduction[M].2017.DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-63935-2_1.
[2]陈华.钙对花生生长发育及其幼胚基因表达的影响[D].福州:福建农林大学,2009.
[3]农业部种植业管理司.全国大宗油料作物生产发展规划(2016-2020年)[J].中国农业信息,2017(1):6-15.
[4]LUO X,CHEN Q.Application of fuzzy mathematics in sensory evaluation of peanut red blood tonic oral liquid[J].Food Research&Development,2018,39(7):70-74.
[5]黄志鹏,李龙承,吴海宁,等.增施钙肥对酸性旱地幼龄果园间作花生的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2017,39(5):693-697.
[6]LI Y,MENG J,YANG S,et al.Transcriptome analysis of calcium-and hormone-related gene expressions during different stages of peanut pod development[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8.DOI:10.3389/fpls.2017.01241.
[7]吴晶华,李林,尹月皓,等.不同钙肥施用量对花生产量及经济效益的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(3):97-99.
[8]王媛媛.钙、硫肥不同用量及配比对花生生理特性、产量和品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2013.
[9]吴文新,陈家驹,周恩生,等.钙、硼对花生生长、产量和品质的影响[J].亚热带植物科学,2001,30(2):20-23.
[10]于鹏.不同时期光合碳和肥料氮在水稻-土壤系统中的分配[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2017.
[11]SWINNEN J,VAN VEEN J A,MERCKX R.Carbon fluxes in the rhizosphere of winter wheat and spring barley with conventional vs.integrated farming[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,1995,27:811-820.
[12]史晓龙,戴良香,宋文武,等.施用钙肥对盐胁迫条件下花生生长发育和产量的影响[J].花生学报,2017,46(2):40-46.
[13]张海平,单世华,蔡来龙,等.钙对花生植株生长和叶片活性氧防御系统的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2004(3):34-37.
[14]CHEN H,ZHANG C,CAI T C,et al.Identification of low Ca2+stress-induced embryo apoptosis response genes in Arachis hypogaea by SSH-associated library lift(SSHaLL)[J].Plant Biotechnology Journal,2016,14(2):682-698.
[15]JAIN M,PATHAK BP,HARMON A C,et al.Calcium-dependent protein kinase(CDPK)expression during fruit development in cultivated peanut(Arachis hypogaea)under Ca2+-sufficient and-deficient growth regimens[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2011,168(18):2272-2277.
[16]杨运萍,郭荣发.施磷施钙处理下花生农艺性状的相关分析及主成分分析[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(5):119-122.
[17]沈毓骏.花生控制下针栽培法的研究[J].耕作与栽培,1984(4):39-44.
[18]罗葆兴,李煜祥,温桂芳,等.花生荚果发育的形态解剖学研究[J].作物学报,1982,8(4):217-228.
[19]李安妮,叶柏荣,刘敏敏.花生荚果发育过程中形态及有机成分的变化[J].华南农学院学报,1983(1):21-30.
[20]修俊杰,刘学良.施钙对花生干物质积累及产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2018(1):48-50.
[2]陈华.钙对花生生长发育及其幼胚基因表达的影响[D].福州:福建农林大学,2009.
[3]农业部种植业管理司.全国大宗油料作物生产发展规划(2016-2020年)[J].中国农业信息,2017(1):6-15.
[4]LUO X,CHEN Q.Application of fuzzy mathematics in sensory evaluation of peanut red blood tonic oral liquid[J].Food Research&Development,2018,39(7):70-74.
[5]黄志鹏,李龙承,吴海宁,等.增施钙肥对酸性旱地幼龄果园间作花生的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2017,39(5):693-697.
[6]LI Y,MENG J,YANG S,et al.Transcriptome analysis of calcium-and hormone-related gene expressions during different stages of peanut pod development[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2017,8.DOI:10.3389/fpls.2017.01241.
[7]吴晶华,李林,尹月皓,等.不同钙肥施用量对花生产量及经济效益的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(3):97-99.
[8]王媛媛.钙、硫肥不同用量及配比对花生生理特性、产量和品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2013.
[9]吴文新,陈家驹,周恩生,等.钙、硼对花生生长、产量和品质的影响[J].亚热带植物科学,2001,30(2):20-23.
[10]于鹏.不同时期光合碳和肥料氮在水稻-土壤系统中的分配[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2017.
[11]SWINNEN J,VAN VEEN J A,MERCKX R.Carbon fluxes in the rhizosphere of winter wheat and spring barley with conventional vs.integrated farming[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,1995,27:811-820.
[12]史晓龙,戴良香,宋文武,等.施用钙肥对盐胁迫条件下花生生长发育和产量的影响[J].花生学报,2017,46(2):40-46.
[13]张海平,单世华,蔡来龙,等.钙对花生植株生长和叶片活性氧防御系统的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2004(3):34-37.
[14]CHEN H,ZHANG C,CAI T C,et al.Identification of low Ca2+stress-induced embryo apoptosis response genes in Arachis hypogaea by SSH-associated library lift(SSHaLL)[J].Plant Biotechnology Journal,2016,14(2):682-698.
[15]JAIN M,PATHAK BP,HARMON A C,et al.Calcium-dependent protein kinase(CDPK)expression during fruit development in cultivated peanut(Arachis hypogaea)under Ca2+-sufficient and-deficient growth regimens[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2011,168(18):2272-2277.
[16]杨运萍,郭荣发.施磷施钙处理下花生农艺性状的相关分析及主成分分析[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(5):119-122.
[17]沈毓骏.花生控制下针栽培法的研究[J].耕作与栽培,1984(4):39-44.
[18]罗葆兴,李煜祥,温桂芳,等.花生荚果发育的形态解剖学研究[J].作物学报,1982,8(4):217-228.
[19]李安妮,叶柏荣,刘敏敏.花生荚果发育过程中形态及有机成分的变化[J].华南农学院学报,1983(1):21-30.
[20]修俊杰,刘学良.施钙对花生干物质积累及产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2018(1):48-50.