秸秆还田下配施石灰、尿素和腐熟剂对水稻Cd吸收累积的影响研究
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摘要
为安全利用秸秆资源,选取四川省绵竹市Cd污染稻田为研究对象,开展小区试验,研究秸秆还田配施石灰、尿素和腐熟剂对土壤特性以及2个水稻品种(低富集水稻品种‘川优6203’、高富集水稻品种‘宜香2115’)的Cd吸收累积和产量的影响。结果表明:与对照(CK)相比,秸秆还田配施石灰后土壤pH值显著提高(P<0.05),土壤溶解性有机碳(DOC)含量轻微增加,土壤有效态Cd含量有效降低;配施尿素后土壤p H值、DOC含量和有效态Cd含量轻微增加;而配施腐熟剂则能有效降低土壤pH值,显著提高DOC含量和土壤有效态Cd含量(P<0.05)。秸秆还田配施石灰后,稻米Cd含量减少13.1%～14.4%,而配施尿素和腐熟剂后,稻米Cd含量则分别增加3.4%～13.1%和21.2%～35.6%;配施石灰、尿素和腐熟剂均能增加水稻产量,增幅分别为5.7%～7.1%、9.4%～9.7%和10.6%～11.4%。综合考虑水稻Cd吸收累积以及产量,成都平原秸秆还田配施石灰技术是较为理想的秸秆安全利用模式。
To make use of straw resources safely,we select the Cd-contaminated paddy in Mianzhu County of Sichuan Province as the research object to carry out plot experiment,and study the effects of returning straw added with lime,urea and straw-decomposing inoculant on soil properties,Cd accumulation and yields of two rice varieties(low-enriched rice variety'Chuanyou 6203'and high-enriched rice variety 'Yixiang 2115').The results showed that compared with the control(CK),returning straw added with lime significantly increased soil pH value(P<0.05),slightly increased the concentration of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC),and decreased the concentration of soil available Cd;returning straw added with urea slightly increased soil pH value,DOC,and available Cd concentrations,while returning straw added with straw-decomposing inoculant decreased soil pH value,significantly increased soil DOC and available Cd concentrations(P<0.05).Compared with CK,returning straw added with lime decreased the rice Cd concentration by 13.1%-14.4%,while straw returning combined with urea and straw-decomposing inoculant application increased the rice Cd concentration by 3.4%-13.1% and 21.2%-35.6%,respectively.Straw returning with lime,urea and strawdecomposing inoculant increased the yields of rice by 5.7%-7.1%,9.4%-9.7% and 10.6%-11.4%,respectively.Considering Cd absorption and yields of rice,we suggest that straw returning with lime is an ideal model for the safe utilization of straw in Chengdu Plain.
To make use of straw resources safely,we select the Cd-contaminated paddy in Mianzhu County of Sichuan Province as the research object to carry out plot experiment,and study the effects of returning straw added with lime,urea and straw-decomposing inoculant on soil properties,Cd accumulation and yields of two rice varieties(low-enriched rice variety'Chuanyou 6203'and high-enriched rice variety 'Yixiang 2115').The results showed that compared with the control(CK),returning straw added with lime significantly increased soil pH value(P<0.05),slightly increased the concentration of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC),and decreased the concentration of soil available Cd;returning straw added with urea slightly increased soil pH value,DOC,and available Cd concentrations,while returning straw added with straw-decomposing inoculant decreased soil pH value,significantly increased soil DOC and available Cd concentrations(P<0.05).Compared with CK,returning straw added with lime decreased the rice Cd concentration by 13.1%-14.4%,while straw returning combined with urea and straw-decomposing inoculant application increased the rice Cd concentration by 3.4%-13.1% and 21.2%-35.6%,respectively.Straw returning with lime,urea and strawdecomposing inoculant increased the yields of rice by 5.7%-7.1%,9.4%-9.7% and 10.6%-11.4%,respectively.Considering Cd absorption and yields of rice,we suggest that straw returning with lime is an ideal model for the safe utilization of straw in Chengdu Plain.
引文
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[29]韩春梅,王林山,巩宗强,等.土壤中重金属形态分析及其环境学意义[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(12):1499-1502.
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[31]秦越,李彬彬,武兰芳.不同耕作措施下秸秆还田土壤CO2排放与溶解性有机碳的动态变化及其关系[J].农业环境科学学报2014,33(7):1442-1449.
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[36]李瀚,邓欧平,胡佳,等.成都平原农业废弃物施用下稻田田面水氮磷动态变化特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(3):485-493.
[37]张静,温晓霞,廖允成,等.不同玉米秸秆还田量对土壤肥力及冬小麦产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(3):612-619.
[38]李录久,王家嘉,吴萍萍,等.秸秆还田下氮肥运筹对白土田水稻产量和氮吸收利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):254-262.
[39]侯文峰,李小坤,王思潮,等.石灰与秸秆配施对冷浸田水稻产量与土壤特性的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2015,34(5):58-62.
[40]柏彦超,陈国华,路平,等.秸秆还田对稻田渗漏液DOC含量及土壤Cd活度的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(12):2491-2495.
[41]倪中应,沈倩,章明奎.秸秆还田配施石灰对水田土壤铜、锌、铅、镉活性的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报, 2017, 34(3):215-225.
[42]胡诚,陈云峰,乔艳,等.秸秆还田配施腐熟剂对低产黄泥田的改良作用[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):59-66.
[43]李录久,王家嘉,吴萍萍,等.秸秆还田下氮肥运筹对白土田水稻产量和氮吸收利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):254-262.
[2] Eneman J D, Potts R J, Osier M, et al. Suppressed oxidant inducedapoptosis in cadmium adapted alveolar epithelial cells and itspotential involvement in cadmium carcinogenesis[J]. Toxicology,2000,147:215-228.
[3] World Health Organization(WHO). Trace elements in humannutrition and health[M]. Geneva:World Health Organization, 1996.
[4]唐海明,汤文光,肖小平,等.冬种黑麦草对6种水稻土重金属含量及晚稻不同器官重金属累积与分配的影响[J].作物学报,2012,38(6):1121-1126.
[5]朱智伟,陈铭学,牟仁祥,等.水稻镉代谢与控制研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(18):3633-3640.
[6]赵士诚,曹彩云,李科江,等.长期秸秆还田对华北潮土肥力、氮库组分及作物产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(6):1441-1449.
[7]杨滨娟,黄国勤,钱海燕.秸秆还田配施化肥对土壤温度,根际微生物及酶活性的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(1):150-157.
[8] Cui Y S, Du X, Weng L P, et al. Effects of rice straw on thespeciation of cadmium(Cd)and copper(Cu)in soils[J]. Geoderma,2008,146(1):370-377.
[9] Nayak A K, Gangwar B, Shukla A K, et al. Long-term effect ofdifferent integrated nutrient management on soil organic carbon andits fractions and sustainability of rice-wheat system in Indo GangeticPlains of India[J]. Field Crops Research,2012,127:129-139.
[10] Li S, Zhang S R, Pu Y L, et al. Dynamics of soil labile organiccarbon fractions and C-cycle enzyme activities under straw mulchin Chengdu Plain[J]. Soil and Tillage Research,2016,155:289-297.
[11] Malhi S S, Nyborg M, Solberg E D, et al. Improving crop yield andN uptake with long-term straw retention in two contrasting soiltypes[J]. Field Crops Research,2011,124(3):378-391.
[12]黄欣欣,廖文华,刘建玲,等.长期秸秆还田对潮土土壤各形态磷的影响[J].土壤学报,2016(3):779-789.
[13]谢光辉,王晓玉,任兰天.中国作物秸秆资源评估研究现状[J].生物工程学报,2010,26(7):855-863.
[14] Lou Y L, Xu M G, Wang W, et al. Return rate of straw residueaffects soil organic C sequestration by chemical fertilization[J]. Soiland Tillage Research,2011,113(1):70-73.
[15]杨滨娟,钱海燕,黄国勤,等.秸秆还田及其研究进展[J].农学学报,2012,2(5):1-4.
[16]王艮梅,周立祥,占新华,等.水田土壤中水溶性有机物的产生动态及对土壤中重金属活性的影响:田间微区试验[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(5):858-864.
[17]单玉华,李昌贵,陈晨,等.施用秸秆对淹水土壤镉、铜溶出的影响[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(8):1362-1366.
[18]贾乐,朱俊艳,苏德纯.秸秆还田对镉污染农田土壤中镉生物有效性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(10):1992-1998.
[19]曹晓玲,罗尊长,黄道友,等.镉污染稻草还田对土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(9):1786-1792.
[20]周相玉,冯文强,秦鱼生,等.镁,锰,活性炭和石灰及其交互作用对小麦镉吸收的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(14):4289-4296.
[21]向倩,许超,张杨珠,等.控释尿素对污染土壤镉有效性的影响[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(12):3150-3156.
[22]胡诚,陈云峰,乔艳,等.秸秆还田配施腐熟剂对低产黄泥田的改良作用[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,22(1):59-66.
[23]张青,徐明岗,罗涛,等.3种不同性质改良剂对镉锌污染水稻土的修复效果及评价[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(4):541-5466.
[24] Zhao J, Dong Y, Xie X B, et al. Effect of annual variation in soil pHon available soil nutrients in pear orchards[J]. Acta EcologicaSinica, 2011,31(4):212-216.
[25]徐国伟,段骅,王志琴,刘立军,等.麦秸还田对土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(3):934-942.
[26]单玉华,蔡祖聪,韩勇,等.淹水土壤有机酸积累与秸秆碳氮比及氮供应的关系[J].土壤学报,2006,43(6):941-947.
[27]李继福,鲁剑巍,李小坤,等.麦秆还田配施不同腐秆剂对水稻产量、秸秆腐解和土壤养分的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(35):270-276.
[28] Li S, Zhang S R, Pu Y L, et al. Dynamics of soil labile organiccarbon fractions and C-cycle enzyme activities under straw mulchin Chengdu Plain[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2016,155:289-297.
[29]韩春梅,王林山,巩宗强,等.土壤中重金属形态分析及其环境学意义[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(12):1499-1502.
[30] Kalbitz K, Solinger S, Park J H, et al. Controls on the dynamics ofdissolved organic matter in soils:a review[J]. Soil Science, 2000,165:277-304.
[31]秦越,李彬彬,武兰芳.不同耕作措施下秸秆还田土壤CO2排放与溶解性有机碳的动态变化及其关系[J].农业环境科学学报2014,33(7):1442-1449.
[32]李玲,仇少君,刘京涛,等.土壤溶解性有机碳在陆地生态系统碳循环中的作用[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(5):1407-1414.
[33]卢萍,单玉华,杨林章,等.秸秆还田对稻田土壤溶液中溶解性有机质的影响[J].土壤学报,2006,43(5):736-741.
[34]杨定清,李霞,周娅,等.影响水稻吸收镉的环境因子分析[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(10):2496-2500.
[35]林鸾芳,王昌全,李冰,等.秸秆还田下改良剂对水稻生长和Cd吸收积累的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(9):1492-1497.
[36]李瀚,邓欧平,胡佳,等.成都平原农业废弃物施用下稻田田面水氮磷动态变化特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(3):485-493.
[37]张静,温晓霞,廖允成,等.不同玉米秸秆还田量对土壤肥力及冬小麦产量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(3):612-619.
[38]李录久,王家嘉,吴萍萍,等.秸秆还田下氮肥运筹对白土田水稻产量和氮吸收利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):254-262.
[39]侯文峰,李小坤,王思潮,等.石灰与秸秆配施对冷浸田水稻产量与土壤特性的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2015,34(5):58-62.
[40]柏彦超,陈国华,路平,等.秸秆还田对稻田渗漏液DOC含量及土壤Cd活度的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(12):2491-2495.
[41]倪中应,沈倩,章明奎.秸秆还田配施石灰对水田土壤铜、锌、铅、镉活性的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报, 2017, 34(3):215-225.
[42]胡诚,陈云峰,乔艳,等.秸秆还田配施腐熟剂对低产黄泥田的改良作用[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):59-66.
[43]李录久,王家嘉,吴萍萍,等.秸秆还田下氮肥运筹对白土田水稻产量和氮吸收利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):254-262.