高效石油烃降解菌的筛选及其对原油污染土壤的修复
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摘要
从陕北原油污染土壤中筛选出7株高效石油烃降解菌,其中黄杆菌属CC-2、不动细菌属SC-5、假单胞菌属SC-6表现出较强的石油烃降解能力。通过单因素试验和正交试验考察总石油烃(TPH)降解效果的影响因素,得出各因素对TPH降解率影响程度的大小次序为:溶液p H>降解温度>降解菌接种量>摇床转速,且在降解菌接种量为7%(φ)、溶液p H为7、降解温度为30℃、摇床转速为150 r/min的最适处理条件下,菌株SC-6的TPH降解率可达61.23%。原油污染土壤生物修复实验结果表明:高效石油烃降解菌的投加有利于土壤TPH降解率和酶活性的提高;"菌株SC-6+营养剂"组修复处理42 d后的TPH降解率可达57.59%。
The 7 strains of high-efficiency petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were screened from crude oil contaminated soil in Northern Shaanxi. Among them,the strain CC-2 was Flavobacteriaceae sp.,SC-5 was Acinetobactersp. and SC-6 was Pseudomonas sp.,showing a strong ability of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation. The factors affecting total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH)degradation were investigated by a single factor test and orthogonal experiment,with the results showing that the order of influence was as follows:solution p H>degradation temperature>degradation bacteria inoculation amount> shaking speed. Under the optimum processing conditions of degradation bacteria inoculation amount 7%(φ),solution p H 7,degradation temperature 30 ℃ and shaking speed 150 r/min,the TPH degradation rate by strain SC-6 reached 61.23%. The experimental results of bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil showed that:The addition of high-efficiency petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria was beneficial to the improvement of soil TPH degradation rate and enzyme activity;The TPH degradation rate of the "strain SC-6 + nutrient" group was 57.59% after 42 days' treatment.
The 7 strains of high-efficiency petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were screened from crude oil contaminated soil in Northern Shaanxi. Among them,the strain CC-2 was Flavobacteriaceae sp.,SC-5 was Acinetobactersp. and SC-6 was Pseudomonas sp.,showing a strong ability of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation. The factors affecting total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH)degradation were investigated by a single factor test and orthogonal experiment,with the results showing that the order of influence was as follows:solution p H>degradation temperature>degradation bacteria inoculation amount> shaking speed. Under the optimum processing conditions of degradation bacteria inoculation amount 7%(φ),solution p H 7,degradation temperature 30 ℃ and shaking speed 150 r/min,the TPH degradation rate by strain SC-6 reached 61.23%. The experimental results of bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil showed that:The addition of high-efficiency petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria was beneficial to the improvement of soil TPH degradation rate and enzyme activity;The TPH degradation rate of the "strain SC-6 + nutrient" group was 57.59% after 42 days' treatment.
引文
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[18]杨立琼.石油降解菌的筛选及降解条件的优化[D].沈阳:沈阳大学,2014.
[19]王华金,朱能武,杨崇,等.石油污染土壤生物修复对土壤酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(6):1178-1184.
[20]张超,陈文兵,吴道吉,等.混合菌修复石油污染土壤[J].化工环保,2014,34(1):19-23.
[21]蔺昕,李培军,孙铁珩,等.石油污染土壤的生物修复与土壤酶活性关系[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(10):1226-1229.
[2]王辉,赵春燕,李宝明,等.石油污染土壤中细菌的分离筛选[J].土壤通报,2005,36(2):237-239.
[3]杨茜,吴蔓莉,曹碧霄,等.石油降解菌的筛选、降解特性及其与基因的相关性研究[J].安全与环境学报,2014,14(1):187-192.
[4]童玲,陈伟胜,郑西来,等.石油污染土壤修复技术的进展[J].化工环保,2012,32(4):311-315.
[5]FREGUSON S H,WOINARSKI A Z,SNAPE I.A field trial of in situ chemical oxidation to remediate long-term diesel contaminated Antarctic soil[J].Cold Reg Sci Technol,2004,40:47-60.
[6]魏小芳,张忠智,罗一普,等.重质石油污染土壤的生物修复[J].化学与生物工程,2005,22(7):7-9.
[7]中国科学院南京土壤研究所微生物室.土壤微生物研究法[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:40-64.
[8]东秀珠,蔡妙英.常见细菌系统鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:162-171,182,188-189.
[9]长春市环境监测中心.水质石油类和动植物油类的测定红外分光光度法:HJ 637—2012[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012.
[10]鞍山市环境监测中心站.土壤石油类的测定红外光度法(征求意见稿)[EB/OL].[2018-05-21].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgth/201011/W020101110594629841357.pdf?COLLCC=211162121&.
[11]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1986.
[12]李海花,单爱琴,周海霞.石油降解菌的筛选及降解性能研究[J].污染防治技术,2008,21(5):10-12.
[13]徐金兰,黄廷林,唐智新,等.高效石油降解菌的筛选及石油污染土壤生物修复特性的研究[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(4):622-628.
[14]韩旭,李广云,尹宁宁,等.Fenton氧化—微生物法降解土壤中石油烃[J].化工环保,2017,37(2):237-242.
[15]袁红莉,杨金水,王占生.降解石油微生物菌种的筛选及降解特性[J].中国环境科学,2003,23(2):157-161.
[16]阮志勇.石油降解菌株的筛选、鉴定及其石油降解特性的初步研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2006.
[17]张秀霞,郑茂盛,王荣靖,等.石油污染土壤中高效石油烃降解菌Y-16的筛选及其降解特性[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(8):1913-1920.
[18]杨立琼.石油降解菌的筛选及降解条件的优化[D].沈阳:沈阳大学,2014.
[19]王华金,朱能武,杨崇,等.石油污染土壤生物修复对土壤酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(6):1178-1184.
[20]张超,陈文兵,吴道吉,等.混合菌修复石油污染土壤[J].化工环保,2014,34(1):19-23.
[21]蔺昕,李培军,孙铁珩,等.石油污染土壤的生物修复与土壤酶活性关系[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(10):1226-1229.
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