污水胁迫下7种草本地被植物耐污性比较研究
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摘要
本研究选取7种草本地被植物为试验材料,采用双套盆法,研究7种植物在污水胁迫下的耐污性。通过观测植株胁迫期间形态表现,并测定植物叶片中的细胞膜透性变化、叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量等生理指标,运用隶属函数法对7种草本地被植物的耐污性进行综合评价。研究结果表明:随着胁迫天数的增加,7种植物的外部形态存在明显差异性,马蔺(Iris lactea)胁迫前后形态变化最大,基本整株褐化,耐污性最弱。葱兰(Zephy-ranthes candida)、黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus)和波斯菊(Cosmos bipinnata)形态变化很小,其耐污性较强。根据隶属函数综合评价得出马蔺的耐污性最弱,并得出7种草本地被植物耐污性顺序为:波斯菊(Cosmos bipinnata)>黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus)>葱兰(Zephyranthes candida)>狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides)>萱草(Hemerocallisfulva)>玉簪(Hosta plantaginea)>马蔺(Iris lactea),与形态观测记录基本一致。该研究结果可为园林绿地设计和海绵城市建设中植物的选择提供理论依据。
In this experiment,seven herbaceous ground cover plants were selected as experimental materials to study the stain resistance under sewage stress.By observing the morphological performance of plants during stress and measuring physiological indexes such as cell membrane permeability change,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde content and proline content in plant leaves,the comprehensive evaluation on the stain resistance of 7 herbaceous ground cover plants was made by the method of subordinate function.The main results were as follows:with increasing stress days,there were significant differences on the external morphology of seven plants.The morphological of Iris lactea had the greatest change before and after stress,whole plant browning and the weakest pollution resistance.The morphological changes of Cosmos bipinnata,Iris pseudacorus and Zephyranthes candida were small,and their stain resistance was strong.The comprehensive assessment of subordinate function showed that Irislacteahad the weakest stain resistance,and the order of the stain resistance of 7 garden herbaceous ground cover plants was:Cosmos bipinnata>Iris pseudacorus> Zephyranthes candida> Pennisetum alopecuroides> Hemerocallis fulva>Hosta plantaginea> Iris lactea,which was basically consistent with the morphological observation records.The results provided a theoretical basis for the selection of plants in garden green space design and sponge city construction.
In this experiment,seven herbaceous ground cover plants were selected as experimental materials to study the stain resistance under sewage stress.By observing the morphological performance of plants during stress and measuring physiological indexes such as cell membrane permeability change,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde content and proline content in plant leaves,the comprehensive evaluation on the stain resistance of 7 herbaceous ground cover plants was made by the method of subordinate function.The main results were as follows:with increasing stress days,there were significant differences on the external morphology of seven plants.The morphological of Iris lactea had the greatest change before and after stress,whole plant browning and the weakest pollution resistance.The morphological changes of Cosmos bipinnata,Iris pseudacorus and Zephyranthes candida were small,and their stain resistance was strong.The comprehensive assessment of subordinate function showed that Irislacteahad the weakest stain resistance,and the order of the stain resistance of 7 garden herbaceous ground cover plants was:Cosmos bipinnata>Iris pseudacorus> Zephyranthes candida> Pennisetum alopecuroides> Hemerocallis fulva>Hosta plantaginea> Iris lactea,which was basically consistent with the morphological observation records.The results provided a theoretical basis for the selection of plants in garden green space design and sponge city construction.
引文
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[21]何江,地里拜尔·苏力坦,蒲丹,等.城市二级污水灌溉对几种园林植物生长的影响[J].环境污染与防治,2005(03):161-164+155
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[23]解静芳,郭晓君,杨彪,等.污水灌溉和镉胁迫对菠菜品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2010,25(01):204-207
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[25]冯鹏,孙力,申晓慧,等.多年生黑麦草对Pb、Cd胁迫的响应及富集能力研究[J].草业学报,2016,25(01):153-162
[26]A.Thomas Ruley,Nilesh C.Sharma,Shivendra V.Sahi.Antioxidant defense in a lead accumulating plant,Sesbania drummondii[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2004,42(11):899-906
[27]汤章城.逆境条件下植物脯氨酸的累积及其可能的意义[J].植物生理学通讯,1984(01):15-21
[2]王建兵,彭重华,苏利英.湖南地被植物及其在园林绿地中的选择与应用[J].湖南林业科技,2005(02):45-47
[3]李聪.西咸新区海绵城市植物选择与配置研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2018:3-8
[4]钱瑭璜,雷江丽,庄雪影.华南地区7种常见园林地被植物水分适应性研究[J].中国园林,2012,28(12):95-99
[5]骆建霞,柴慈江,史燕山,等.盐胁迫对7种草本地被植物生长及光合特性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006(09):50-54
[6]朱云华,朱生树,徐友新,等.11种观赏地被植物引种栽培和耐荫性试验[J].金陵科技学院学报,2007(02):78-83
[7]鲁敏,裴翡翡,宁静,等.4种湿地植物受污水胁迫生理生化特性影响的相关性研究[J].山东建筑大学学报,2011,26(05):416-419
[8]马佳,覃晓艳,周希.四种水生植物在污水胁迫下的生理生化特性研究[J].绿色科技,2013(05):52-55
[9]李怀恩,刘增超,秦耀民,等.西安市融雪径流污染特性及其与降雨径流污染的比较[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(11):2795-2802
[10]路文静,李奕松.植物生理学实验教程[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012:169-233
[11]李京蓉,周学斌,马真,等.6种高寒牧区禾本科牧草抗旱性研究与评价[J].草地学报,2018,26(03):659-665
[12]陈晶晶,王英哲,金艳,等.铅胁迫对14个紫花苜蓿杂交组合生理生化指标的影响[J].草地学报,2018,26(05):1277-1282
[13]刘旭梅,赵冰,申惠翡,等.低温胁迫下二十个杜鹃花品种的抗寒性评价[J].北方园艺,2017(05):60-66
[14]何玲玲.六种草种耐生活污水的适应性研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2009:14-16
[15]Dat JF,Lopez-Delgado H,Foyer CH,et al.Parallel changes in H2O2and catalase during thermotolerance induced by salicylic acid or heat acclimation in mustard seedlings[J].Plant physiology,1998,116(4):1351-1357
[16]赵可夫,王韶唐.作物抗性生理[M].北京:农业出版社,1989:41-61
[17]盛玉辉,关维元,徐永星,等.东方水韭对人工污水胁迫的生理响应[J].热带生物学报,2015,6(03):298-303
[18]陈桂葵,陈桂珠,黄玉山等.人工污水对白骨壤幼苗生理生态特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,1999(01):97-100
[19]Quanzhen Wang,Chunhui Wu,Bao Xie,et al.Model analysing the antioxidant responses of leaves and roots of switchgrass to NaCl-salinity stress[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2012,58:288-296
[20]黄雪方,李冬林,金雅琴等.5种挺水植物对污水浸淹的生理反应及净水效果[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(05):66-70
[21]何江,地里拜尔·苏力坦,蒲丹,等.城市二级污水灌溉对几种园林植物生长的影响[J].环境污染与防治,2005(03):161-164+155
[22]李兆智.济南小清河污水灌溉对玉米早期生长发育及其某些生理指标影响的研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2006:29-32
[23]解静芳,郭晓君,杨彪,等.污水灌溉和镉胁迫对菠菜品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2010,25(01):204-207
[24]胡宏友,卢昌义,叶勇,等.生活污水对长春花生长及生理影响的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005(04):131-134
[25]冯鹏,孙力,申晓慧,等.多年生黑麦草对Pb、Cd胁迫的响应及富集能力研究[J].草业学报,2016,25(01):153-162
[26]A.Thomas Ruley,Nilesh C.Sharma,Shivendra V.Sahi.Antioxidant defense in a lead accumulating plant,Sesbania drummondii[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2004,42(11):899-906
[27]汤章城.逆境条件下植物脯氨酸的累积及其可能的意义[J].植物生理学通讯,1984(01):15-21