内蒙古大塔-何家塔铁路风沙路基综合防护体系
|
摘要
内蒙古大塔-何家塔铁路全线风沙路基长61.5 km,占正线长度的48.7%,风沙危害已严重威胁到线路的正常运营,并制约了区域矿产资源的外运。通过对当地气候条件、植被类型、沙丘分布等因素的调查,确定了植物防护和工程防护相结合的综合治理方案。选用沙柳、柠条、杨柴、胡杨多种植物,采取高立式沙障、HDPE网方格、沙柳活沙障树枝方格、水冲沙柳种植和灌木植物防护带多措施并举,在半固定沙丘和流动沙丘区段,依据风沙路基的不同危害程度,采用不同层次的风沙防护措施,构建了具有严密性、整体性的防沙体系。实践证明,活沙障与植物防护林带等措施形成了完整的绿色防护体系,阻沙、固沙作用显著,大大降低了风沙上道等危害铁路的可能性,保障了铁路的安全运营,为同类地区沙漠铁路的风沙治理工作积累了宝贵经验。
There is 61.5 kilometers wind-sand subgrade in the Data-Hejiata Railway, accounting for 48.7% of the entire line length. The blown sand hazard has seriously threatened the normal operation of the line and the external transport of mineral resources. Based on the investigation of the local climate, vegetation types, distribution of dunes and other factors, a comprehensive treatment scheme combining engineering and plant protections was determined. The plants including Salix mongolica, Caraganakorshinskii, Hedysarumlaeve Maxim and Populus diversifolia were chosen, many protection measures were carried out, for example, high vertical barrier, HDPE nylon net barrier, live sand barrier of Salix mongolica squares. The different levels of sand prevention measures were carried out at semi-fixed sand dune and mobile dune zone according to different damage degree of the wind-sand subgrade, a sand prevention system of rigorous and integrated was constructed. Practice has proved that a complete green protection system has been formed by building the live sand barrier and the plant protection forest belt, this system prevents and stabilizes the blown sand, greatly reduces the possibility of blown sand damaging, guarantees the safe operation of the railway, and accumulates valuable experience for blown sand control of the desert railway in similar areas.
There is 61.5 kilometers wind-sand subgrade in the Data-Hejiata Railway, accounting for 48.7% of the entire line length. The blown sand hazard has seriously threatened the normal operation of the line and the external transport of mineral resources. Based on the investigation of the local climate, vegetation types, distribution of dunes and other factors, a comprehensive treatment scheme combining engineering and plant protections was determined. The plants including Salix mongolica, Caraganakorshinskii, Hedysarumlaeve Maxim and Populus diversifolia were chosen, many protection measures were carried out, for example, high vertical barrier, HDPE nylon net barrier, live sand barrier of Salix mongolica squares. The different levels of sand prevention measures were carried out at semi-fixed sand dune and mobile dune zone according to different damage degree of the wind-sand subgrade, a sand prevention system of rigorous and integrated was constructed. Practice has proved that a complete green protection system has been formed by building the live sand barrier and the plant protection forest belt, this system prevents and stabilizes the blown sand, greatly reduces the possibility of blown sand damaging, guarantees the safe operation of the railway, and accumulates valuable experience for blown sand control of the desert railway in similar areas.
引文
[1] 王磊.浅谈大何铁路风沙特征危害及勘测选线要点[J].科技信息,2011(6):359-361.
[2] 铁澄宇.大何铁路风沙路基防护[J].科技信息,2011(6):335.
[3] 刘辉.太中银铁路沙害特点及其防治措施研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.
[4] 程旭.风沙两相流中沙粒起动规律的实验研究[D].北京:清华大学,2003.
[5] 铁道部第一勘察设计院.铁路工程设计技术手册路基[M].修订版.北京:中国铁道出版社,1995:297-298.
[6] 铁道第四勘察设计院.TB10035-2006铁路特殊路基设计规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2006:45-49.
[7] 姚宏乐.敦煌-格尔木铁路高大沙丘区的风沙环境特征及风沙危害综合防护体系[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(3):555-564.
[8] 梅运生,肖艳斌,曹莉.拉日铁路风沙防护研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2014,25(2):96-103.
[9] 吕晓星.太中银铁路风沙灾害治理措施及防护体系建立研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2014.
[10] 孟祥连,李鲲,谢胜波,等.兰新高铁大风区风况特征及防风工程设计分区[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(5):972-977.
[11] 蔡迪文,张克存,安志山,等.青藏铁路格拉段风动力环境及其对铁路沙害的影响[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(1):40-47.
[2] 铁澄宇.大何铁路风沙路基防护[J].科技信息,2011(6):335.
[3] 刘辉.太中银铁路沙害特点及其防治措施研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.
[4] 程旭.风沙两相流中沙粒起动规律的实验研究[D].北京:清华大学,2003.
[5] 铁道部第一勘察设计院.铁路工程设计技术手册路基[M].修订版.北京:中国铁道出版社,1995:297-298.
[6] 铁道第四勘察设计院.TB10035-2006铁路特殊路基设计规范[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2006:45-49.
[7] 姚宏乐.敦煌-格尔木铁路高大沙丘区的风沙环境特征及风沙危害综合防护体系[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(3):555-564.
[8] 梅运生,肖艳斌,曹莉.拉日铁路风沙防护研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2014,25(2):96-103.
[9] 吕晓星.太中银铁路风沙灾害治理措施及防护体系建立研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2014.
[10] 孟祥连,李鲲,谢胜波,等.兰新高铁大风区风况特征及防风工程设计分区[J].中国沙漠,2018,38(5):972-977.
[11] 蔡迪文,张克存,安志山,等.青藏铁路格拉段风动力环境及其对铁路沙害的影响[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(1):40-47.