烟嘧·辛酰溴油悬浮剂在玉米和土壤中的残留及安全使用评价
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摘要
为了评价烟嘧·辛酰溴油悬浮剂在玉米上的使用安全性,在山东、安徽两地采用田间试验及液相、气相分析方法研究了烟嘧·辛酰溴油悬浮剂在玉米和土壤中的消解动态及最终残留量。试验结果表明:烟嘧·辛酰溴油悬浮剂在玉米和土壤中的降解行为均符合一级降解动力学方程,烟嘧磺隆在玉米植株中的半衰期为2.8～3.9 d,在土壤中的半衰期为5.5～8.8 d;辛酰溴苯腈在玉米植株中的半衰期为1.5～2.4 d,在土壤中的半衰期为1.3～1.6 d,烟嘧·辛酰溴油悬浮剂在玉米上未检出最终残留量(<0.01 mg/kg)。推荐20%烟嘧·辛酰溴油悬浮剂用于防除玉米田杂草时,以300～450 g a.i./hm~2、于玉米田杂草2～4叶期、每公顷用药液600 kg茎叶喷雾一次为宜。
To evaluate the safety of nicosulfuron and bromoxynil octanoate used on corn, the samples were collected from Shandong and Anhui provinces, and the digestion dynamics and final residues in corn and soil were analyzed by liquid and gas chromatograph methods. The results showed that the degradation of cyhalothrin and bromoxynil octanoate OF in corn and soil both could be described by the first-order degradation kinetics equation. The half-life of nicosulfuron in corn was 2.8～3.9 days, while that in soil was 5.5～8.8 days. The half-life of bromoxynil octanoate in corn was 1.5～2.4 days, while that in soil was 1.3～1.6 days. None of the final residues of cyhalothrin and bromoxynil octanoate OF in corn was detected(<0.01 mg/kg). The application of 20% nicosulfuron and bromoxynil octanoate OF for weed control in corn fields was recommended as spraying stem and leaves one time with 600 kg per hectare at 300～450 g a.i./hm~2 during 2～4-leaf period of weeds in corn fields.
To evaluate the safety of nicosulfuron and bromoxynil octanoate used on corn, the samples were collected from Shandong and Anhui provinces, and the digestion dynamics and final residues in corn and soil were analyzed by liquid and gas chromatograph methods. The results showed that the degradation of cyhalothrin and bromoxynil octanoate OF in corn and soil both could be described by the first-order degradation kinetics equation. The half-life of nicosulfuron in corn was 2.8～3.9 days, while that in soil was 5.5～8.8 days. The half-life of bromoxynil octanoate in corn was 1.5～2.4 days, while that in soil was 1.3～1.6 days. None of the final residues of cyhalothrin and bromoxynil octanoate OF in corn was detected(<0.01 mg/kg). The application of 20% nicosulfuron and bromoxynil octanoate OF for weed control in corn fields was recommended as spraying stem and leaves one time with 600 kg per hectare at 300～450 g a.i./hm~2 during 2～4-leaf period of weeds in corn fields.
引文
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[2] 林长福.苄嘧磺隆在我国的开发与应用[J].农药,2000,39(3):11-12.
[3] 刘洋.唑草酮的应用领域和使用技术[J].农药市场信息,2014(15):42-43.
[4] 吴绪金,钟红剑,马朝旺,等.烟嘧磺隆在玉米和土壤中的残留及消解动态研究[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(1):87-91.
[5] 陈柏.气相色谱法同时测定玉米中氯氟吡氧乙酸和辛酰溴苯腈残留[J].农药,2014,53(7):502-503.
[6] 中华人民共和国农业部.农药残留试验准则:NY/T788—2004[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[7] 王运浩,季颖,龚勇,等.农药登记残留田间试验标准操作规程[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[8] 刘同金,李瑞娟,于建垒,等.8%氟虫腈悬浮种衣剂在玉米和土壤中的残留研究及安全评价[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(22):251-257.
[9] Li R J,Liu T J,Cui S H,et al.Residue behaviors and dietary risk assessment of dinotefuran and its metabolites in Oryza sativa by a new HPLC-MS/MS method[J].Food Chemistry,2017,235:188-193.
[10] 刘同金,李瑞娟,于建垒,等.吡草醚在小麦和土壤中的残留及安全使用评价[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(2):125-128.
[11] 范德芳.农药残留分析与检测[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1982:18-20.
[12] 农业部农药检定所.农药残留量实用检测方法手册[M].第3卷.北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[13] 刘英伟,刘同金,田伟,等.氟酰胺在花生和土壤中的残留行为及安全使用评价[J].山东农业科学,2015,47(10):106-111.
[14] 毛江胜,赵永红,张广霞,等.超高效液相色谱串联质谱法研究烟嘧磺隆在玉米和土壤中的降解动力学及残留[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(10):121-125.