改进的自适应遗传算法在TDOA定位中的应用
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摘要
针对无线通信到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)定位技术位置解算为复杂的非线性方程最优化问题,采用实数编码遗传算法,提出了改进的自适应遗传算法。该算法设计了自适应交叉率和变异率的计算公式,考虑了随着进化代数增加种群的整体变化,同时考虑了每代种群不同个体适应度的作用,并引入最优保存策略防止优良个体的破坏,能有效产生新的个体进而摆脱局部最优值的搜索达到全局最优解。仿真结果表明,改进的遗传算法性能稳定,进化收敛速度和TDOA定位估计精度都有较大的提高。
The solution of time difference of arrival(TDOA)location technology for wireless communication is a complex nonlinear equation optimization problem.This paper adopts a real-encoded genetic algorithm,and proposes an improved adaptive genetic algorithm which designs the adaptive crossover rate and mutation rate formula,considers not only the influence of evolutionary generations on the population,but also the fitness of different individuals in each generation.The elitist strategy is introduced to prevent the destruction of good individuals,effectively generate new individuals and then get rid of the local optimal value search to achieve the global optimal solution.The simulation results show that the performance of the algorithm is stable,and the speed of evolutionary convergence and the accuracy of TDOA location estimation are greatly improved.
The solution of time difference of arrival(TDOA)location technology for wireless communication is a complex nonlinear equation optimization problem.This paper adopts a real-encoded genetic algorithm,and proposes an improved adaptive genetic algorithm which designs the adaptive crossover rate and mutation rate formula,considers not only the influence of evolutionary generations on the population,but also the fitness of different individuals in each generation.The elitist strategy is introduced to prevent the destruction of good individuals,effectively generate new individuals and then get rid of the local optimal value search to achieve the global optimal solution.The simulation results show that the performance of the algorithm is stable,and the speed of evolutionary convergence and the accuracy of TDOA location estimation are greatly improved.
引文
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[15]王小平,曹立明.遗传算法-理论、应用与软件实现[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002:1-344.WANG X P,CAO L M.Genetic algorithm-theory,application and software implementation[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University Press,2002:1-344.
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[17]李立春,冉崇森,魏峰.采用改进遗传算法解决TDOA定位估计中的非线性优化问题[J].系统工程与电子技术,2003,25(8):971-973.LI L C,RAN C S,WEI F.An enhanced genetic algorithm for the nonlinear optimization in TDOA-based location[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2003,25(8):971-973.
[18]RUDOLPH G.Convergence analysis of canonical genetic algorithms[J].IEEE Trans.on Neural Networks,1994,5(1):96-101.
[19]EIBEN A E,AARTS E H L,HEE K M V.Global convergence of genetic algorithms:a markov chain analysis[M]∥Parallel Problem Solving from Nature.Berlin:Springer Heidelberg,1991:3-12.
[20]毕惟红,任红民,吴庆标.一种新的遗传算法最优保存策略[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2006,33(1):32-35.BI W H,REN H M,WU Q B.A new elitist strategy in genetic algorithms[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Science Edition),2006,33(1):32-35.
[21]ZHANG M D,ZHAN Z H,LI J J,et al.Tournament selection based artificial bee colony algorithm with elitist strategy[C]∥Proc.of the Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence,2014:387-396.
[22]LENO I J,SANKAR S S,RAJ M V,et al.An elitist strategy genetic algorithm for integrated layout design[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2013,66(9/12):1573-1589.
[23]DE JONG K A.An analysis of the behavior of a class of genetic adaptive systems[D].Michigan:University of Michigan,1975.
[2]范平志,邓平,刘林.蜂窝网无线定位[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002:1-208.FAN P Z,DENG P,LIU L.Wireless location in cellular network[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2002:1-208.
[3]雷文英,陈伯孝,杨明磊,等.基于TOA和TDOA的三维无源目标定位方法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2014,36(5):816-823.LEI W Y,CHEN B X,YANG M L,et al.Passive 3Dtarget location method based on TOA and TDOA[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2014,36(5):816-823.
[4]韩霜,罗海勇,陈颖,等.基于TDOA的超声波室内定位系统的设计与实现[J].传感技术学报,2010,23(3):347-353.HAN S,LUO H Y,CHEN Y,et al.The design and implementation of a TDOA-based ultrasonic indoor localizing system[J].Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2010,23(3):347-353.
[5]SHI G,MING Y.Survey of indoor positioning systems based on ultra-wideband(UWB)technology[M]∥Wireless Communications,Networking and Applications.India:Springer,2016:1269-1278.
[6]FANG B.T.Simple solutions for hyperbolic and related position fixes[J].IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1990,26(5):748-753.
[7]FRIEDLANDER B.A passive localization algorithm and its accuracy analysis[J].IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,1987,12(1):234-245.
[8]SCHAU HC,ROBINSON AZ.Passive source localization employing inter-secting spherical surfaces from time-of arrival differences[J].IEEE Trans.on Acoustics,Speech,Signal Processing,1987,35(8):1223-1225.
[9]ABEL J S,SMITH J.The spherical interpolation method for closed-form passive source localization using range difference measurements[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,&Signal Processing,1987:471-474.
[10]FOY W H.Position-location solutions by Taylor-series estimation[J].IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1976,12(2):187-194.
[11]CHAN Y T,HO K C.A simple and efficient estimator for hyperbolic location[J].IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing,1994,42(8):1905-1915.
[12]邓平.蜂窝网络移动台定位技术研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2002.DENG P.Investigation of mobile station location in cellular network[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2002.
[13]蒋康荣.蜂窝网络中基于TDOA的定位算法研究[D].南京:南京邮电大学,2016.JIANG K R.Study on positioning algorithms based on TDOA in cellular networks[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2016.
[14]杨凡凡.基于UWB的无线定位算法的研究与实现[D].沈阳:东北大学,2014.YANG F F.Research and implementation of wireless location algorithm based on UWB[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2014.
[15]王小平,曹立明.遗传算法-理论、应用与软件实现[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2002:1-344.WANG X P,CAO L M.Genetic algorithm-theory,application and software implementation[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University Press,2002:1-344.
[16]KRAMER O.Genetic algorithm essentials[M].Switzerland:Springer International Publishing,2017:1-84.
[17]李立春,冉崇森,魏峰.采用改进遗传算法解决TDOA定位估计中的非线性优化问题[J].系统工程与电子技术,2003,25(8):971-973.LI L C,RAN C S,WEI F.An enhanced genetic algorithm for the nonlinear optimization in TDOA-based location[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2003,25(8):971-973.
[18]RUDOLPH G.Convergence analysis of canonical genetic algorithms[J].IEEE Trans.on Neural Networks,1994,5(1):96-101.
[19]EIBEN A E,AARTS E H L,HEE K M V.Global convergence of genetic algorithms:a markov chain analysis[M]∥Parallel Problem Solving from Nature.Berlin:Springer Heidelberg,1991:3-12.
[20]毕惟红,任红民,吴庆标.一种新的遗传算法最优保存策略[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2006,33(1):32-35.BI W H,REN H M,WU Q B.A new elitist strategy in genetic algorithms[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Science Edition),2006,33(1):32-35.
[21]ZHANG M D,ZHAN Z H,LI J J,et al.Tournament selection based artificial bee colony algorithm with elitist strategy[C]∥Proc.of the Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence,2014:387-396.
[22]LENO I J,SANKAR S S,RAJ M V,et al.An elitist strategy genetic algorithm for integrated layout design[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2013,66(9/12):1573-1589.
[23]DE JONG K A.An analysis of the behavior of a class of genetic adaptive systems[D].Michigan:University of Michigan,1975.
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