用于电容器降噪的穿孔板特性研究
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摘要
交流滤波电容器可听噪音是换流站中主要噪声来源之一,为进一步降低电容器的噪声水平,本文在对电容器噪声频率特性进行分析的基础上,提出了一种加装在电容器底部的穿孔板降噪结构。通过调节穿孔板声阻抗对穿孔板的共振频率进行控制,达到消除某频段噪声的目的。经过实验验证,当电容器加载的高次谐波电流在某一频率特别突出的情况下,穿孔板抑制这一激励产生的噪声效果最为明显。最佳效果可将底部方向的声压级降低14 dB,电容器平均声压级降低约5 dB。
The audible noise of the filter capacitors is one of the main noise sources in the convertorstation.For reducing the noise level of the capacitor further,in this paper,a kind of noise reduction structure of perforated plate which is mounted at the bottom of the capacitor is proposed on the basis of analysis of the noise frequency feature of the capacitor.The resonance frequency of the perforated plate is controlled by way of adjusting acoustic impedance of the perforated plate with purpose of eliminating the noise of certain section of frequency. It is proved by the experiment that in case of particularly high ultra-harmonic current at certain frequency loaded by capacitor,the result of suppressing the noise generated by the excitation to be suppressed by the perforated plate is remarkable.The best result is the noise level at bottom can be reduced by14 dB and the average noise level of the capacitor can be reduced by 5 dB.
The audible noise of the filter capacitors is one of the main noise sources in the convertorstation.For reducing the noise level of the capacitor further,in this paper,a kind of noise reduction structure of perforated plate which is mounted at the bottom of the capacitor is proposed on the basis of analysis of the noise frequency feature of the capacitor.The resonance frequency of the perforated plate is controlled by way of adjusting acoustic impedance of the perforated plate with purpose of eliminating the noise of certain section of frequency. It is proved by the experiment that in case of particularly high ultra-harmonic current at certain frequency loaded by capacitor,the result of suppressing the noise generated by the excitation to be suppressed by the perforated plate is remarkable.The best result is the noise level at bottom can be reduced by14 dB and the average noise level of the capacitor can be reduced by 5 dB.
引文
[1]伊克宁.电力电容器噪声的产生机理及其特性分析[J].电力电容器,1995(3):10-13.
[2]COX M D,GUAN H H.Vibration and audible noise of capacitors subjected to nonsinusoidal waveforms[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,1994,9(2):856-862.
[3]武立锋,曹晓珑.电力电容器噪声问题研究进展[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2009,30(2):32-36.WU Lifeng,CAO Xiaolong.Progress in study on power capacitor noise[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2009,30(2):32-36.
[4]中国电力科学研究院.三峡-广州±500 kV直流输电工程可听噪声测试报告[R].2004.
[5]李志远,黄国兴,黄莹,等.换流站滤波电容器可听噪声的测试与特性研究[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2013,34(4):35-39.LI Zhiyuan,HUANG Guoxing,HUANG Ying,et al.Test and characteristic study on audible noise of filter capacitor at converter station[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2013,34(4):35-39.
[6]汲胜昌,祝令瑜,沈琪,等.换流站用交流滤波电容器的噪声试验与仿真[J].高电压技术,2011,37(12):2897-2903.JI Shengchang,ZHU Lingyu,SHEN Qi,et al.Experiment and simulation of audible noise for AC filter capacitor used in converter station[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(12):2897-2903.
[7]吴鹏,汲胜昌,曹涛,等.换流站交流滤波电容器外壳振动研究[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2010,31(4):37-41.(WU Peng,JI Shengchang,CAO Tao,et al.Study on vibration of filter capacitor case at converter station[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2010,31(4):37-41.
[8]吴鹏,汲胜昌,曹涛,等.高压直流换流站交流滤波电容器降噪措施[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(1):162-169.WU Peng,JI Shengchang,CAO Tao,et al.Audible noise reduction measures for filter capacitors in HVDC converter station[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(1):162-169.
[9]P M.工程噪声和振动分析基础[M].北京:航空工业出版社,1993.
[10]BIES D,HANSEN C H.Engineering noise control.3ed[M].New York:E&FNSPON,2003.
[11]甘林.电力电容器噪声控制关键技术研究[D].桂林:桂林电子科技大学,2015.
[12]马大猷.噪声与振动控制工程手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[13]左言言,周晋花,刘海波,等.穿孔板吸声结构的吸声性能及其应用[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(7):778-780.ZUO Yanyan,ZHOU Jinhua,LIU Haibo,et al.Sound absorptivity and application of perforated panel structure[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2007,18(7):778-780.
[14]严青,何清怀,曾媛,等.500 kV变电站噪声源强迭算与预测方法优化研究[J].广东电力,2018,31(12):1-11.YAN Qing,HE Qinghuai,ZENG Yuan,et al.Calculation of noise source intensity and optimization on prediction method for 500 kV substation[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(12):1-11.
[15]刘辉,尹建光,张国英,等.110 kV户外变电站噪声污染分析与治理方案[J].广东电力,2018,31(12):12-19.LIU Hui,YIN Jianguang,ZHANG Guoying,et al.Analysis of noise pollution of 110 kV Outdoor substation and discussion of noise control[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(12):12-19.
[16]李德波,李冰阳,刘耀云,等.电力变压器振动噪声的多物理场耦合分析[J].广东电力,2017,30(6):115-119.LI Debo,LI Bingyang,LIU Yaoyun,et al.Multi-physical field coupling analysis on vibration noise of power transformer[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(6):115-119.
[17]声学声压法测定电力电容器单元的声功率级和指向特性第1部分:半消声室精密法:GB/T 32524.1-2016[S].2016.Acoustics determination of sound power level and directivity character of power capacitor unit using sound pressurePart 1:Precision method for hemianechoic rooms:GB/T32524.1-2016[S].2016.
[2]COX M D,GUAN H H.Vibration and audible noise of capacitors subjected to nonsinusoidal waveforms[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,1994,9(2):856-862.
[3]武立锋,曹晓珑.电力电容器噪声问题研究进展[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2009,30(2):32-36.WU Lifeng,CAO Xiaolong.Progress in study on power capacitor noise[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2009,30(2):32-36.
[4]中国电力科学研究院.三峡-广州±500 kV直流输电工程可听噪声测试报告[R].2004.
[5]李志远,黄国兴,黄莹,等.换流站滤波电容器可听噪声的测试与特性研究[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2013,34(4):35-39.LI Zhiyuan,HUANG Guoxing,HUANG Ying,et al.Test and characteristic study on audible noise of filter capacitor at converter station[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2013,34(4):35-39.
[6]汲胜昌,祝令瑜,沈琪,等.换流站用交流滤波电容器的噪声试验与仿真[J].高电压技术,2011,37(12):2897-2903.JI Shengchang,ZHU Lingyu,SHEN Qi,et al.Experiment and simulation of audible noise for AC filter capacitor used in converter station[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(12):2897-2903.
[7]吴鹏,汲胜昌,曹涛,等.换流站交流滤波电容器外壳振动研究[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2010,31(4):37-41.(WU Peng,JI Shengchang,CAO Tao,et al.Study on vibration of filter capacitor case at converter station[J].Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2010,31(4):37-41.
[8]吴鹏,汲胜昌,曹涛,等.高压直流换流站交流滤波电容器降噪措施[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(1):162-169.WU Peng,JI Shengchang,CAO Tao,et al.Audible noise reduction measures for filter capacitors in HVDC converter station[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(1):162-169.
[9]P M.工程噪声和振动分析基础[M].北京:航空工业出版社,1993.
[10]BIES D,HANSEN C H.Engineering noise control.3ed[M].New York:E&FNSPON,2003.
[11]甘林.电力电容器噪声控制关键技术研究[D].桂林:桂林电子科技大学,2015.
[12]马大猷.噪声与振动控制工程手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[13]左言言,周晋花,刘海波,等.穿孔板吸声结构的吸声性能及其应用[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(7):778-780.ZUO Yanyan,ZHOU Jinhua,LIU Haibo,et al.Sound absorptivity and application of perforated panel structure[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2007,18(7):778-780.
[14]严青,何清怀,曾媛,等.500 kV变电站噪声源强迭算与预测方法优化研究[J].广东电力,2018,31(12):1-11.YAN Qing,HE Qinghuai,ZENG Yuan,et al.Calculation of noise source intensity and optimization on prediction method for 500 kV substation[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(12):1-11.
[15]刘辉,尹建光,张国英,等.110 kV户外变电站噪声污染分析与治理方案[J].广东电力,2018,31(12):12-19.LIU Hui,YIN Jianguang,ZHANG Guoying,et al.Analysis of noise pollution of 110 kV Outdoor substation and discussion of noise control[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(12):12-19.
[16]李德波,李冰阳,刘耀云,等.电力变压器振动噪声的多物理场耦合分析[J].广东电力,2017,30(6):115-119.LI Debo,LI Bingyang,LIU Yaoyun,et al.Multi-physical field coupling analysis on vibration noise of power transformer[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(6):115-119.
[17]声学声压法测定电力电容器单元的声功率级和指向特性第1部分:半消声室精密法:GB/T 32524.1-2016[S].2016.Acoustics determination of sound power level and directivity character of power capacitor unit using sound pressurePart 1:Precision method for hemianechoic rooms:GB/T32524.1-2016[S].2016.
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