常减压蒸馏装置脱丁烷塔进料-脱丁烷底油热交换器内漏分析
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摘要
某石化公司1 000万t/a常减压蒸馏装置中6台脱丁烷塔进料-脱丁烷底油热交换器自轻烃回收装置开工以来频繁发生内漏,介绍了热交换器的现场布置、工艺流程以及腐蚀泄漏情况。对热交换器内漏原因进行分析,认为壳程介质脱丁烷塔进料引起管束外部电化学腐蚀、换热管外部结垢、存在电位差以及氯离子腐蚀是造成热交换器内漏的主要原因。提出将热交换器管程、壳程介质调换的方法加以改进,流程改进后热交换器换热效果不受影响,有效避免了设备腐蚀内漏。
The inner leakage of 6 units of debutanizer feed-debutane bottom oil heat exchangers in a 10 Mt/a atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit has been discovered and analyzed. The heat exchanger site placement,process flow and corrosion condition have been introduced. The electrochemical corrosion outside the tube bundle caused by the heat exchanger shell side fluid debutanizer feed,fouling outside the heat exchange tube,potential difference,and chloride ion corrosion,have been determined as the main reason of the heat exchanger failure. The adjustment on the shell,tube side fluids has been proposed without impacts on the heat exchanging effects to avoid the corrosion and leakages effectively.
The inner leakage of 6 units of debutanizer feed-debutane bottom oil heat exchangers in a 10 Mt/a atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit has been discovered and analyzed. The heat exchanger site placement,process flow and corrosion condition have been introduced. The electrochemical corrosion outside the tube bundle caused by the heat exchanger shell side fluid debutanizer feed,fouling outside the heat exchange tube,potential difference,and chloride ion corrosion,have been determined as the main reason of the heat exchanger failure. The adjustment on the shell,tube side fluids has been proposed without impacts on the heat exchanging effects to avoid the corrosion and leakages effectively.
引文
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[16] 张成,王亚彪,王秋萍,等.原油常压蒸馏塔顶部系统工艺防腐流程技术探讨[J].石油炼制与化工,2018(1):21-25.ZHANG C,WANG Y B,WANG Q P,et al. Overhead system corrosion protection of atmospheric distillation column[J]. Petroleum processing and petrochemicals,2018(1):21-25.
[17] 黄宗友.缠绕管式换热器在常减压蒸馏装置上的应用[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2018,35(1):41-43.HUANG Z Y. Application of winding tube heat exchanger in atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit[J]. Corrosion & protection in petrochemical industry,2018,35(1):41-43.
[18] 王维华.常减压蒸馏装置常顶换热器的腐蚀分析与防护建议[J].广东化工,2016,43(20):233-236.WANG W H.The corrosion analysis and protection suggestion of atmospheric tower overhead heat exchanger in atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit[J]. Guangdong chemical industry,2016,43(20):233-236.
[19] 杨有文,王晓强,刁宇,等.常减压蒸馏装置节能优化措施及效果[J].中外能源,2017,22(5):88-93.YANG Y W,WANG X Q,DIAO Y,et al. Energy saving optimization measures for atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and the effect[J].Sino-global energy,2017,22(5):88-93.
[2] 潘亮亮.常减压蒸馏装置常顶换热器腐蚀原因分析及对策[J].炼油技术与工程,2016,46(4):37-41.PAN L L. Analysis of corrosion causes of overhead heat exchangers of atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit and countermeasures[J]. Petroleum refinery engineering,2016,46(4):37-41.
[3] 刘福桥,王国庆.四蒸馏装置腐蚀原因分析及对策[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2012,29(2):42-46.LIU F Q,WANG G Q. Analysis of corrosion causes of No.4 crude distillation unit and countermeasures[J]. Corrosion & protection in petrochemical industry,2012,29(2):42-46.
[4] 刘艺.常减压蒸馏装置长周期运行的影响因素及对策[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2015,32(2):50-53.LIU Y. Factors affecting long-term operation of atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit and countermeasures[J]. Corrosion & protection in petrochemical industry,2015,32(2):50-53.
[5] 赵敏,康强利,张万虎,等.蒸馏装置常顶热交换器腐蚀与防护探讨[J].石油化工设备,2016,45(5):49-54.ZHAO M,KANG Q L,ZHANG W H,et al. Discussion of corrosion and protection for atmospheric tower overhead heat exchangers in distillation unit[J]. Petro-chemical equipment,2016,45(5):49-54.
[6] 赵立福,董凤龙.加工高酸原油常减压装置的腐蚀与防护[J].腐蚀与防护,2016(6):513-516.ZHAO L F,DONG F L. Corrosion and protection of crude distillation unit processing high acidity crude[J]. Corrosion and protection,2016(6):513-516.
[7] 符长军.蒸馏装置塔顶冷凝系统腐蚀及对策[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2012(4):9-10,56.FU C J. Corrosion of overhead condensing system of crude distillation unit and countermeasures[J]. Corrosion & protection in petrochemical industry,2012(4):9-10,56.
[8] 欧阳文彬,胡海军,武玮,等.常压塔顶冷凝系统水露点预测[J].石油学报(石油加工),2017 (1):124-130.OUYANG W B,HU H J,WU W,et al. Prediction of water dew point in the overhead condensing system of crude atmospheric distillation unit[J]. Acta petrolei sinica(Petroleum processing section),2017(1):124-130.
[9] 刘洋,高威. 浅谈常顶热交换器管束选材[J].石油化工设备,2016,45(S1):44-47. LIU Y,GAO W.Discussion on selection of crude distillation unit hot overhead condenser tube bundle material[J]. Petro-chemical equipment,2016,45(S1):44-47.
[10] 陈浩,王刚,吴祥,等.常减压蒸馏装置的腐蚀调查与分析[J].理化检验-物理分册,2018(3):187-194.CHEN H,WANG G,WU X,et al. Corrosion investigation and analysis of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units[J]. Physical testing and chemical analysis Part A:Physical testing,2018(3):187-194.
[11] 马金伟,陈韶范,张富,等.高含硫天然气净化装置余热锅炉系统优化改造[J].石油化工设备,2018,47(1):60-63.MA J W,CHEN S F,ZHANG F,et al. Optimization and modification of waste heat boiler in high sulfur natural gas purification plant[J]. Petro-chemical equipment,2018,47(1):60-63.
[12] 梁佳,刘金才.高压加氢裂化装置高压热交换器腐蚀分析及防护[J].石油化工设备,2018,47(3):62-69.LIANG J,LIU J C. Corrosion analysis and protection of high-pressure heat exchangers in the high pressure hydrocracking unit[J]. Petro-chemical equipment,2018,47(3):62-69.
[13] 戚欣.炼油厂热交换器应力腐蚀开裂失效分析及防护措施[J].石油和化工设备,2007,10(3):58-62.QI X. Cause analysis of creaking of exchange-heat and preventive measures[J]. Petro & chemical equipment,2007,10(3):58-62.
[14] 刁宇,贾永杰,杨有文,等.常减压塔顶油气换热器换热效果分析及处理[J].炼油技术与工程,2016, 46(9):40-43,52.DIAO Y,JIA Y J,YANG Y W,et al. Heat exchange efficiency of overhead heat exchanger of atmospheric-vacuum distillation tower[J]. Petroleum refinery engineering,2016,46(9):40-43,52.
[15] 胡锦原.常减压装置空冷器低温腐蚀问题的探讨[J].广东化工,2015,42(18):140-141,151.HU J Y.Exploration of air cooler low-temperature corrosion of atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit[J]. Guangdong chemical industry,2015,42(18):140-141,151.
[16] 张成,王亚彪,王秋萍,等.原油常压蒸馏塔顶部系统工艺防腐流程技术探讨[J].石油炼制与化工,2018(1):21-25.ZHANG C,WANG Y B,WANG Q P,et al. Overhead system corrosion protection of atmospheric distillation column[J]. Petroleum processing and petrochemicals,2018(1):21-25.
[17] 黄宗友.缠绕管式换热器在常减压蒸馏装置上的应用[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2018,35(1):41-43.HUANG Z Y. Application of winding tube heat exchanger in atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit[J]. Corrosion & protection in petrochemical industry,2018,35(1):41-43.
[18] 王维华.常减压蒸馏装置常顶换热器的腐蚀分析与防护建议[J].广东化工,2016,43(20):233-236.WANG W H.The corrosion analysis and protection suggestion of atmospheric tower overhead heat exchanger in atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit[J]. Guangdong chemical industry,2016,43(20):233-236.
[19] 杨有文,王晓强,刁宇,等.常减压蒸馏装置节能优化措施及效果[J].中外能源,2017,22(5):88-93.YANG Y W,WANG X Q,DIAO Y,et al. Energy saving optimization measures for atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and the effect[J].Sino-global energy,2017,22(5):88-93.