论21世纪西方科幻作品中的中国想象
摘要
21世纪中西方文化的发展越来越多元,彼此之间的交融越来越深刻,全球化的图景时刻投射在大众文化中,而科幻类型,无论是作为一种小说类型还是电影类型,无论在西方还是在中国,都业已成为大众文化中不可或缺的重要门类,同时也具有一定的严肃性,反映着文艺创作者对科技的反思、对未来的想象以及对诸多现实问题的关怀。本文关注的是在21世纪的西方科幻作品中,对于中国的描绘和想象经历从无到有、从单一到复杂的过程及其成因,从而探寻以美国为主的西方国家的科幻作品如何在想象与真实之间书写作为他者的中国,探寻审美内部折射出的文化、政治、经济等领域的大国关系变化。
In the 21 st century,Chinese and Western culture become more diverse,which leads to a more profound blending between them.Since globalization is projected on popular culture all the time,science fiction,whether as a novel type or a movie type,has become an indispensable and important category in popular culture both in the West and China.Science fiction reveals literary and artistic creators' reflection on science and technology,their imagination of the future and their concern for many practical problems.This paper focuses on the process and causes of the depiction and imagination of China from scratch,from singleness to complexity in Western science fiction works in the 21 st century,so as to explore how science fiction works of western countries dominated by United States describe China as the other between imagination and reality,and explore the changes of relations among big powers in the fields of culture,politics and economy reflected in aesthetics.
In the 21 st century,Chinese and Western culture become more diverse,which leads to a more profound blending between them.Since globalization is projected on popular culture all the time,science fiction,whether as a novel type or a movie type,has become an indispensable and important category in popular culture both in the West and China.Science fiction reveals literary and artistic creators' reflection on science and technology,their imagination of the future and their concern for many practical problems.This paper focuses on the process and causes of the depiction and imagination of China from scratch,from singleness to complexity in Western science fiction works in the 21 st century,so as to explore how science fiction works of western countries dominated by United States describe China as the other between imagination and reality,and explore the changes of relations among big powers in the fields of culture,politics and economy reflected in aesthetics.
引文
(1)这些电影分别是《变形金刚5:最后的骑士》《生化危机6:终章》《猩球崛起3:终极之战》《蜘蛛侠:英雄归来》《正义联盟》《银河护卫队2》《星球大战外传:侠盗一号》《星级特工:千星之城》《太空旅客》《异形:契约》《攻壳机动队》《刺客信条》《异星觉醒》《降临》等,该数据来源于时光网,http://news.mtime.com/2018/01/01/1576933.html#p2。
(1)汪晖:《韦伯与中国的现代性问题》,《汪晖自选集》,桂林:广西师范大学出版社,1997年,第13页。
(1)其实,姜峰楠作为华裔作家并非不熟悉中国文化,他在另一篇短篇小说《领悟》中,便提到了孔子的“仁”的概念,在之后发表的随笔中,他也阐发过对中国文化(例如汉字)的观点,但是《你一生的故事》和中国并无直接的关联。
(1)邝炳钊:《创世记注释》卷一,上海:上海三联书店,2010年,第543页。
(2)特德·姜:《你一生的故事》,李克勤等译,南京:译林出版社,2016年,第23页。
(1)汪晖:《韦伯与中国的现代性问题》,《汪晖自选集》,桂林:广西师范大学出版社,1997年,第13页。
(1)其实,姜峰楠作为华裔作家并非不熟悉中国文化,他在另一篇短篇小说《领悟》中,便提到了孔子的“仁”的概念,在之后发表的随笔中,他也阐发过对中国文化(例如汉字)的观点,但是《你一生的故事》和中国并无直接的关联。
(1)邝炳钊:《创世记注释》卷一,上海:上海三联书店,2010年,第543页。
(2)特德·姜:《你一生的故事》,李克勤等译,南京:译林出版社,2016年,第23页。