某海洋石油工程装备制造项目职业病危害因素识别与防护措施评价
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摘要
目的识别某海洋石油工程装备制造项目职业病危害因素,并评价其防护措施。方法通过对某海洋石油工程装备制造项目进行工作场所职业卫生学调查、职业病危害因素检测及职业健康检查,确定该建设项目职业病危害关键控制点并评价其防护措施。结果该建设项目存在的职业病危害因素主要为化学毒物、噪声、粉尘、高温、手传振动、紫外辐射和工频电磁场。超过职业接触限值的职业病危害因素及其超标率分别为:锰及其无机化合物(7.70%)、电焊烟尘(33.33%)、噪声(68.75%)和其他粉尘(14.29%)。其他职业病危害因素检测结果均符合职业接触限值要求。结论该建设项目职业病危害因素关键控制点为切割车间的焊接、切割和打磨区,涂装车间的喷漆间、调漆间、喷砂间及空压机房。企业应加强易超标岗位局部抽排风设施的设置及维护,降低毒物/粉尘浓度,加强高噪声作业场所人员的个体防护。
Objective To identify occupational hazards of offshore oil engineering equipment manufacturing project and assess the control effect of its occupational hazards protection measures.Methods Occupational hygiene investigation and occupational hazards detection of workplace and occupational health examination with workers in an offshore oil engineering equipment manufacturing project were carried out. The critical control points were determined and control effect of occupational hazards protective measures were assessed.Results The occupational hazards in the workplace of offshore oil engineering equipment manufacturing project were chemical poisons,noise,dusts,high temperature,hand-transmitted vibration,ultraviolet radiation and power frequency electromagnetic field. The result showed that over standard rates of occupational hazards were manganese and its inorganic compounds( 7. 70%),welding fume( 33. 33%),noise( 68. 75%) and other dust( 14.29%). Other concentrations or levels of occupational hazards were below occupational exposure limits.Conclusion The critical control points of occupational hazards are welding,cutting and grinding area in cutting workshop,paint spraying room,paint mixing room,sand-blasting chamber room in painting workshop,and air compressor room. The enterprise should strengthen the setting and maintenance of local exhaust ventilation facilities of workplaces to reduce the concentrations of chemical poison or dust and further strengthen the individual protection in high noise workplaces.
Objective To identify occupational hazards of offshore oil engineering equipment manufacturing project and assess the control effect of its occupational hazards protection measures.Methods Occupational hygiene investigation and occupational hazards detection of workplace and occupational health examination with workers in an offshore oil engineering equipment manufacturing project were carried out. The critical control points were determined and control effect of occupational hazards protective measures were assessed.Results The occupational hazards in the workplace of offshore oil engineering equipment manufacturing project were chemical poisons,noise,dusts,high temperature,hand-transmitted vibration,ultraviolet radiation and power frequency electromagnetic field. The result showed that over standard rates of occupational hazards were manganese and its inorganic compounds( 7. 70%),welding fume( 33. 33%),noise( 68. 75%) and other dust( 14.29%). Other concentrations or levels of occupational hazards were below occupational exposure limits.Conclusion The critical control points of occupational hazards are welding,cutting and grinding area in cutting workshop,paint spraying room,paint mixing room,sand-blasting chamber room in painting workshop,and air compressor room. The enterprise should strengthen the setting and maintenance of local exhaust ventilation facilities of workplaces to reduce the concentrations of chemical poison or dust and further strengthen the individual protection in high noise workplaces.
引文
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[6]张士怀,张放,曲玮,等.某海洋平台生产企业电焊烟尘危害调查[J].中国工业医学杂志,2015,28(6):473-474.
[7]周金鹏,张方方,吴子俊.海上平台作业人员代谢综合征患病率调查[J].中国热带医学,2014,14(7):878-879.
[8]魏志强,欧阳隆绪,汤乃军,等.海洋石油钻井平台作业人员职业紧张状况和社会心理因素研究[J].职业与健康,2015,31(8):1018-1021.
[9]王璇,李忠涛.海洋石油作业职业病危害因素识别与分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2013,12(3):194-196.
[2]赵金楼,徐鑫亮.中国海洋工程装备制造业发展问题研究[J].学习与探索,2014,(4):110-112.
[3]李旭东,苏世标,陈建雄,等.深水海洋工程装备制造职业病危害预测与控制措施分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2012,11(5):356-359.
[4] Leszczyńska I,Jez.ewska M. Psychosocial burden among offshore drilling platform employees[J]. Int Marit Health,2010,62(3):159-167.
[5]张键,张雪艳,邵华.三种健康风险评估方法在海洋石油平台职业噪声危害评价中的比较[J].中国工业医学杂志,2017,30(3):163-167.
[6]张士怀,张放,曲玮,等.某海洋平台生产企业电焊烟尘危害调查[J].中国工业医学杂志,2015,28(6):473-474.
[7]周金鹏,张方方,吴子俊.海上平台作业人员代谢综合征患病率调查[J].中国热带医学,2014,14(7):878-879.
[8]魏志强,欧阳隆绪,汤乃军,等.海洋石油钻井平台作业人员职业紧张状况和社会心理因素研究[J].职业与健康,2015,31(8):1018-1021.
[9]王璇,李忠涛.海洋石油作业职业病危害因素识别与分析[J].中国卫生工程学,2013,12(3):194-196.