人工沙棘林沙棘木蠹蛾灾害预警指标体系的构建与应用
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摘要
沙棘是防风固沙、保持水土和改良土壤的先锋树种,是区域经济发展、维护生物多样性的重要生物资源,但人工沙棘林易遭受蛀干、蛀根害虫——沙棘木蠹蛾(Eogystia hippophaecolus)的危害。为了提供沙棘木蠹蛾防控的量化测报和预警结果,指导钻蛀性害虫防控,结合指标预警法和对象属性解析法,计算了沙棘木蠹蛾灾变过程中警源、警兆和警情等不同要素的综合预警指标值,构建了沙棘木蠹蛾的灾害预警指标体系。进一步以山西晋中市人工沙棘林为样区,利用本体系预测沙棘木蠹蛾灾害发生情况。结果表明,该调查区警源、警兆和警情值分别为22.9、23.2和20.7,综合警度值为66.8,处于中警等级。该体系不但预估了害虫危害程度,还作出精准定位、发布预警信号,为进一步量化防控措施提供资料,减少虫害带来的经济损失。为农林业有害生物灾害监测和预警系统的构建提供有效支撑和参考。
Seabuckthorn( Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.) is a pioneer tree species for windbreak and sand fixation,soil and water conservation and soil improvement, and is an important biological resource for regional economic development and biodiversity conservation. However,Hippophae rhamnoides plantation is susceptible to Eogystia hippophaecolus,a stem and root-boring pest. In order to explore and establish a quantitative early warning system for E. hippophaecolus disasters,and guide the prevention and control of inner feeding insects,this paper provided quantitative monitoring and early warning results for prevention and control of E. hippophaecolus. The index system of hazard warning for E. hippophaecolus was established combining indicator early-warning method with object property parsing method,and the police source,warning signs and police intelligence during the catastrophe process of E. hippophaecolus were evaluated as well. Taking the seabuckthorn plantation in Jinzhong city of Shanxi province as the sample area,the occurrence of the disasters of E. hippophaecolus was predicted. The results showed that the warning source,warning sign and police intelligence value were 22.9,23.2 and 20.7,respectively,and the integrated warning value was 66. 8,which meet the requirements of the police rating. The accuracy and practicability of the system were verified by applying the system to the prediction of the E. hippophaecolus disaster in artificial seabuckthorn forest in Jinzhong region of Shanxi province. It provided effective support for the construction of a forest pest hazard monitoring and early warning system,and provided a reference for the construction of disaster warning index systems for other wood borers. The pest damage degree was estimated,and the accurate positioning and early warning signals were issued as well,which provided information for further quantification of prevention and control measures to reduce the economic losses caused by the pest.
Seabuckthorn( Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.) is a pioneer tree species for windbreak and sand fixation,soil and water conservation and soil improvement, and is an important biological resource for regional economic development and biodiversity conservation. However,Hippophae rhamnoides plantation is susceptible to Eogystia hippophaecolus,a stem and root-boring pest. In order to explore and establish a quantitative early warning system for E. hippophaecolus disasters,and guide the prevention and control of inner feeding insects,this paper provided quantitative monitoring and early warning results for prevention and control of E. hippophaecolus. The index system of hazard warning for E. hippophaecolus was established combining indicator early-warning method with object property parsing method,and the police source,warning signs and police intelligence during the catastrophe process of E. hippophaecolus were evaluated as well. Taking the seabuckthorn plantation in Jinzhong city of Shanxi province as the sample area,the occurrence of the disasters of E. hippophaecolus was predicted. The results showed that the warning source,warning sign and police intelligence value were 22.9,23.2 and 20.7,respectively,and the integrated warning value was 66. 8,which meet the requirements of the police rating. The accuracy and practicability of the system were verified by applying the system to the prediction of the E. hippophaecolus disaster in artificial seabuckthorn forest in Jinzhong region of Shanxi province. It provided effective support for the construction of a forest pest hazard monitoring and early warning system,and provided a reference for the construction of disaster warning index systems for other wood borers. The pest damage degree was estimated,and the accurate positioning and early warning signals were issued as well,which provided information for further quantification of prevention and control measures to reduce the economic losses caused by the pest.
引文
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[9]鞠瑞亭,王凤,李跃忠,等.褐边绿刺蛾灾害预警指标体系构建及应用[J].植物保护学报,2008,35(4):345-350.Ju R T,Wang F,Li Y Z,et al..Construction and applicaton of early-warning index system to calamity of Parasa consocia Walker[J].Acta Phytophy.Sin.,2008,35(4):345-350.
[10]吴建军,王兆骞,胡秉民.生态农业综合评价的指标体系及其权重[J].应用生态学报,1992,3(1):42-47.Wu J J,Wang Z Q,Hu B M.Index system and its weights for integrated evaluation of ecological agriculture[J].Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,1992,3(1):42-47.
[11]吴延熊,周国模,郭仁鉴.区域森林资源预警指标的研究[J].浙江林学院学报,1999,16(1):14-19.Wu Y X,Zhou G M,Guo R J.Early-warning indicators of regional forest resources[J].J.Zhejiang For.Coll.,1999,16(1):14-19.
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[13]常原飞,武红敢,董振辉,等.国家级林业有害生物灾害监测与预警系统[J].林业科学,2011,47(6):93-100.Chang Y F,Wu H G,Dong Z H,et al..A national monitoring and warning system for forest pest based on service-oriented architecture[J].Sci.Silvae Sin.,2011,47(6):93-100.
[14]赵仁辉,刘丽,王志宝,等.基于开源GIS的林业有害生物监测与预警系统[J].计算机工程与设计,2015,36(3):802-808.Zhao R H,Liu L,Wang Z B,et al..Monitoring and warning system for forest pest based on open source GIS[J].Computer Engin.Design,2015,36(3):802-808.
[15]王志宝,刘丽,常原飞,等.基于模型驱动的省级林业有害生物灾害监测与预警平台[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(7):155-159.Wang Z B,Liu L,Chang Y F,et al..A provincial level monitoring and warning platform for forest pest based on model driven architecture[J].J.Northeast For.Univ.,2013,41(7):155-159.
[16]陈引珍,程金花,张洪江,等.缙云山几种林分水源涵养和保土功能评价[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(2):66-70.Chen Y Z,Cheng J H,Zhang H J,et al..Evaluation of soil and water conservation capacity of several forest in Jinyun Mountain[J].J.Soil Water Conserv.,2009,23(2):66-70.
[17]骆有庆,路常宽,许志春.林木新害虫沙棘木蠹蛾的控制策略[J].中国森林病虫,2003,22(5):25-28.Luo Y Q,Lu C K,Xu Z C.Control strategies on a new serious forest pest insect-seabuckthorn carpenterworm,Holcocerus hippophaecolus[J].For.Pest Dis.,2003,22(5):25-28.
[18]惠兴学,洪新,王洪江.辽西地区沙棘资源可持续利用探讨[J].国际沙棘研究与开发,2008,6(2):39-43.Hui X X,Hong X,Wang H J.Study on sustainable use of seabuckthorn resources in western Liaoning province[J].Global Seabuckthorn Res.Dev.,2008,6(2):39-43.
[19]王志政.不同树种(品种)对沙棘木蠢蛾的抗性研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,硕士学位论文,2010.Wang Z Z.Study on resistance of different tree species(variety)to Holcocerus hippophaecolus(Lepidoptera:Cossidae)[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,Master Dissertation,2010.
[20]周章义,尹伟伦,梁华军,等.沙棘抗沙棘木蠹蛾的立地条件及其机理[J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(5):50-56.Zhou Z Y,Yin W L,Liang H J,et al..Mechanism and the stand conditions of Hippophae rhamnoides resistance to Holcocerus hippophaecolus[J].J.Beijing For.Univ.,2007,29(5):50-56.
[21]关文彬,谢春华,孙保平,等.荒漠化危害预警指标体系框架研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2001,23(1):44-47.Guan W B,Xie C H,Sun B P,et al..Framework of desertification early-warning indicators[J].J.Beijing For.Univ.,2001,23(1):44-47.
[22]宗世祥,骆有庆,路常宽,等.沙棘木蠹蛾生物学特性的初步研究[J].林业科学,2006,42(1):79-84.Zong S X,Lou Y Q,Lu C K,et al..Preliminary study on biological characteristic of Holcocerus hippophaecolus[J].Sci.Silvae Sin.,2006,42(1):79-84.
[23]黄桐毅.沙棘木蠹蛾干扰下建平县沙棘人工林的景观格局动态研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,硕士学位论文,2011.Hang T Y.Spatial-temporal characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides plantations under Holcocerus hippophaecolus disturbance in Jianping,Liaoning,China[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,Master Dissertation,2011.
[24]Dumanski J,Coote D R,Luciuk G,et al..Soil Conservation in Canada[J].J.Soil&Water Conserv.,1986,41(4):204-210.
[25]Ulgiati S,Bianciardi C.Describing states and dynamics in far from equilibrium systems.Needed a metric within a system state space[J].Ecol.Model.,1997,96(1-3):75-89.
[26]Jrgensen S E,Nielsen S N.Application of ecological engineering principles in agriculture[J].Ecol.Eng.,1996,7(4):373-381.
[27]Maclean D A,Porter K B,Mackinnon W E,et al..Spruce budworm decision support system:lessons learned in development and implementation[J].Computers Electron.Agricul.,2000,27(1-3):293-314.
[28]Perini A,Susi A.Developing a decision support system for integrated production in agriculture[J].Environ.Model.Software,2004,19(9):821-829.
[2]骆有庆,宗世祥,许志春,等.沙棘木蠹蛾综合控制技术研究[J].林业科学,2007,43(11):146-150.Luo Y Q,Zong S X,Xu Z C,et al..Integrated management of Holcocerus hippophaecolus(Lepidoptera:Cossidae)[J].Sci.Silvae Sin.,2007,43(11):146-150.
[3]王荣.沙棘木蠹蛾发生与林分植物多样性和挥发物的关系[D].北京:北京林业大学,博士学位论文,2014.Wang R.The relationship between sea buckthorn carpenter moth,Holcocerus hippophaecolus occurrence and forest plant diversity and plant volatiles[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,Doctor Dissertation,2014.
[4]花保祯,周尧,方德齐,等.中国木蠹蛾志(鳞翅目:木蠹蛾科)[M].陕西杨陵:天则出版社,1990,56-57.Hua B Z,Chou Y,Fang D Q,et al..The Cossid fauna of China(Lepidoptera:Cossidae)[M].Shaanxi Yangling:Tianze Publishing House,1990:56-57.
[5]周章义.内蒙古鄂尔多斯市东部老龄沙棘死亡原因及其对策[J].沙棘,2002,15(2):7-11.Zhou Z Y.Reason and settle methods of old-growth seabuckthorn death in Ordos,Inner Mongolia[J].Seabuckthorn,2002,15(2):7-11.
[6]高成龙,杜凯名,王胜梅,等.沙棘木蠹蛾成虫种群发生动态与性诱剂诱捕剂监测技术[J].应用昆虫学报,2017,54(6):971-977.Gao C L,Du K M,Wang S M,et al..Population dynamics of Eogystia hippophaecolus in Liaoning province[J].Chin.J.Appl.Entomol.,2017,54(6):971-977.
[7]彭龙慧,曾城,周峰.松墨天牛灾害发生风险监测预警研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2015,37(2):290-295.Peng L H,Zeng C,Zhou F.Studies on the early-warning against calamity of Monochamus alternatus Hope[J].Acta Agric.Univ.Jiangxiensis,2015,37(2):290-295.
[8]林海云,秦长生,赵丹阳,等.油茶象甲灾害预警指标体系研究[J].林业与环境科学,2017,33(2):53-57.Lin H Y,Qin C S,Zhao D Y,et al..Study on early-warning index system to insect attack of Curculio chinensis[J].For.Environ.Sci.,2017,33(2):53-57.
[9]鞠瑞亭,王凤,李跃忠,等.褐边绿刺蛾灾害预警指标体系构建及应用[J].植物保护学报,2008,35(4):345-350.Ju R T,Wang F,Li Y Z,et al..Construction and applicaton of early-warning index system to calamity of Parasa consocia Walker[J].Acta Phytophy.Sin.,2008,35(4):345-350.
[10]吴建军,王兆骞,胡秉民.生态农业综合评价的指标体系及其权重[J].应用生态学报,1992,3(1):42-47.Wu J J,Wang Z Q,Hu B M.Index system and its weights for integrated evaluation of ecological agriculture[J].Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,1992,3(1):42-47.
[11]吴延熊,周国模,郭仁鉴.区域森林资源预警指标的研究[J].浙江林学院学报,1999,16(1):14-19.Wu Y X,Zhou G M,Guo R J.Early-warning indicators of regional forest resources[J].J.Zhejiang For.Coll.,1999,16(1):14-19.
[12]宗世祥.沙棘木蠹蛾生物生态学特性的研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,博士学位论文,2006.Zong S X.Studies on the Bio-ecological characteristics of seabuckthorn carpenter moth:Holcocerus hippophaecolus(Lepidoptera:Cossidae)[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,Doctor Dissertation,2006.
[13]常原飞,武红敢,董振辉,等.国家级林业有害生物灾害监测与预警系统[J].林业科学,2011,47(6):93-100.Chang Y F,Wu H G,Dong Z H,et al..A national monitoring and warning system for forest pest based on service-oriented architecture[J].Sci.Silvae Sin.,2011,47(6):93-100.
[14]赵仁辉,刘丽,王志宝,等.基于开源GIS的林业有害生物监测与预警系统[J].计算机工程与设计,2015,36(3):802-808.Zhao R H,Liu L,Wang Z B,et al..Monitoring and warning system for forest pest based on open source GIS[J].Computer Engin.Design,2015,36(3):802-808.
[15]王志宝,刘丽,常原飞,等.基于模型驱动的省级林业有害生物灾害监测与预警平台[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(7):155-159.Wang Z B,Liu L,Chang Y F,et al..A provincial level monitoring and warning platform for forest pest based on model driven architecture[J].J.Northeast For.Univ.,2013,41(7):155-159.
[16]陈引珍,程金花,张洪江,等.缙云山几种林分水源涵养和保土功能评价[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(2):66-70.Chen Y Z,Cheng J H,Zhang H J,et al..Evaluation of soil and water conservation capacity of several forest in Jinyun Mountain[J].J.Soil Water Conserv.,2009,23(2):66-70.
[17]骆有庆,路常宽,许志春.林木新害虫沙棘木蠹蛾的控制策略[J].中国森林病虫,2003,22(5):25-28.Luo Y Q,Lu C K,Xu Z C.Control strategies on a new serious forest pest insect-seabuckthorn carpenterworm,Holcocerus hippophaecolus[J].For.Pest Dis.,2003,22(5):25-28.
[18]惠兴学,洪新,王洪江.辽西地区沙棘资源可持续利用探讨[J].国际沙棘研究与开发,2008,6(2):39-43.Hui X X,Hong X,Wang H J.Study on sustainable use of seabuckthorn resources in western Liaoning province[J].Global Seabuckthorn Res.Dev.,2008,6(2):39-43.
[19]王志政.不同树种(品种)对沙棘木蠢蛾的抗性研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,硕士学位论文,2010.Wang Z Z.Study on resistance of different tree species(variety)to Holcocerus hippophaecolus(Lepidoptera:Cossidae)[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,Master Dissertation,2010.
[20]周章义,尹伟伦,梁华军,等.沙棘抗沙棘木蠹蛾的立地条件及其机理[J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(5):50-56.Zhou Z Y,Yin W L,Liang H J,et al..Mechanism and the stand conditions of Hippophae rhamnoides resistance to Holcocerus hippophaecolus[J].J.Beijing For.Univ.,2007,29(5):50-56.
[21]关文彬,谢春华,孙保平,等.荒漠化危害预警指标体系框架研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2001,23(1):44-47.Guan W B,Xie C H,Sun B P,et al..Framework of desertification early-warning indicators[J].J.Beijing For.Univ.,2001,23(1):44-47.
[22]宗世祥,骆有庆,路常宽,等.沙棘木蠹蛾生物学特性的初步研究[J].林业科学,2006,42(1):79-84.Zong S X,Lou Y Q,Lu C K,et al..Preliminary study on biological characteristic of Holcocerus hippophaecolus[J].Sci.Silvae Sin.,2006,42(1):79-84.
[23]黄桐毅.沙棘木蠹蛾干扰下建平县沙棘人工林的景观格局动态研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,硕士学位论文,2011.Hang T Y.Spatial-temporal characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides plantations under Holcocerus hippophaecolus disturbance in Jianping,Liaoning,China[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,Master Dissertation,2011.
[24]Dumanski J,Coote D R,Luciuk G,et al..Soil Conservation in Canada[J].J.Soil&Water Conserv.,1986,41(4):204-210.
[25]Ulgiati S,Bianciardi C.Describing states and dynamics in far from equilibrium systems.Needed a metric within a system state space[J].Ecol.Model.,1997,96(1-3):75-89.
[26]Jrgensen S E,Nielsen S N.Application of ecological engineering principles in agriculture[J].Ecol.Eng.,1996,7(4):373-381.
[27]Maclean D A,Porter K B,Mackinnon W E,et al..Spruce budworm decision support system:lessons learned in development and implementation[J].Computers Electron.Agricul.,2000,27(1-3):293-314.
[28]Perini A,Susi A.Developing a decision support system for integrated production in agriculture[J].Environ.Model.Software,2004,19(9):821-829.
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