综放开采条件下煤层顶板涌(突)水危险性评价
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摘要
为评价综放开采条件下煤层顶板涌(突)水危险性,以焦坪矿区某井田为例,通过水质分析和导水裂隙带发育高度分析相结合的方法,对矿井顶板涌(突)水水源进行了判定,同时在基于GI-变异系数法的含水层富水性分析,基于砂泥岩分布图的离层发育危险性分析和基于裂采比的冒裂安全性分析的基础上,通过叠加分析对顶板涌(突)水危险性进行了评价。结果表明:矿井顶板涌(突)水水源为白垩系下统洛河组下段砂岩裂隙潜水含水层水,以及发育在宜君组粗砾岩与直罗组顶部泥岩之间离层空间内的离层水。顶板涌(突)水危险的区域主要分布在井田中部和西部,其中中部的一、二盘区由于煤层采厚较大,导水裂隙带突破洛河组底界的范围较广,顶板涌(突)水危险性最大,且存在局部离层强突水区;井田西部三、四盘区主要为顶板涌(突)水中等危险区;井田东北部五盘区,大部分区域为相对安全区,局部存在含水层突水中等危险区。
In order to evaluate the risk assessment of water inflow(inrush) from coal seam roof under fully mechanized caving mining, a mine field in Shaanxi Jiaoping mining area was taken as an example,the water source of the mine roof surge is determined by the method of water quality analysis and the development height analysis of the water conducting fracture zone.At the same time, on the basis of the water rich analysis based on the GI-variation coefficient method risk analysis of the separation development based on the sand shale distribution map,and safety analysis of fissure mining ratio,the risk of roof water inrush is evaluated by superposition analysis.The results indicate that the water source of the mine roof is the water in the lower section of the lower Cretaceous Luohe formation sandstone fissure dive aquifer,and the separated layer water developed in the separation space between the coarse conglomerate and the mudstone of the diojun group.The area of the roof inflow(inrush)water is mainly distributed in the middle and west of the well field.In the first and second panel of the middle part,the coal seam has a great thickness,and the water guide belt breaks through the wide range of the bottom of the Luohe group,so the risk of water inflow(inrush)from coal seam roof is the biggest.In addition,there is a local strong outburst area of abscission layer of water.The third or fourth panel of the west part is mainly dangerous areas.Most of the fifth panel in the northeast part of the mine area are relative safety areas,and the other is the middle dangerous area of abscission layer of water inrush.
In order to evaluate the risk assessment of water inflow(inrush) from coal seam roof under fully mechanized caving mining, a mine field in Shaanxi Jiaoping mining area was taken as an example,the water source of the mine roof surge is determined by the method of water quality analysis and the development height analysis of the water conducting fracture zone.At the same time, on the basis of the water rich analysis based on the GI-variation coefficient method risk analysis of the separation development based on the sand shale distribution map,and safety analysis of fissure mining ratio,the risk of roof water inrush is evaluated by superposition analysis.The results indicate that the water source of the mine roof is the water in the lower section of the lower Cretaceous Luohe formation sandstone fissure dive aquifer,and the separated layer water developed in the separation space between the coarse conglomerate and the mudstone of the diojun group.The area of the roof inflow(inrush)water is mainly distributed in the middle and west of the well field.In the first and second panel of the middle part,the coal seam has a great thickness,and the water guide belt breaks through the wide range of the bottom of the Luohe group,so the risk of water inflow(inrush)from coal seam roof is the biggest.In addition,there is a local strong outburst area of abscission layer of water.The third or fourth panel of the west part is mainly dangerous areas.Most of the fifth panel in the northeast part of the mine area are relative safety areas,and the other is the middle dangerous area of abscission layer of water inrush.
引文
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[15] 任晓波,吴瑞芳.基于煤层顶板充水含水层水压的“修正三图-双预测法”研究[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(S2):131-133.REN Xiao-bo,WU Rui-fang.A modified three graphics-two predictions method based on hydraulic pressure of aquifers above coal seam roof[J].Coal Engineering,2016,48(S2):131-133.
[16] 范立民,马雄德,蒋辉,等.西部生态脆弱矿区矿井突水溃沙危险性分区[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(3):531-536.FAN Li-min,MA Xiong-de,JIANG Hui,et al.Risk evaluation on water and sand inrush in ecologically fragile coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(3):531-536.
[17] 王生全,武超,彭涛,等.青龙寺煤矿5-2煤层顶板含水层突水危险性评价[J].西安科技大学学报,2018,38(6):959-965.WANG Sheng-quan,WU Chao,PENG Tao,et al.Evaluation of water inrush hazard in roof aquifer of 5-2 coal seam in Qinglongsi coal mine[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2018,38(6):959-965.
[18] 贺晓浪,段中会,苗霖田,等.陕北毛乌素沙漠区潜水含水层富水性及动态变化特征[J].西安科技大学学报,2019,39(1):88-95.HE Xiao-lang,DUAN Zhong-hui,MIAO Lin-tian,et al.Unconfined aquifer water-richness and dynamic change features of Mu Us Desert Area in northern Shaanxi[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2019,39(1):88-95.
[19] 马雄德,范立民,贺卫中,等.浅埋煤层高强度开采突水危险性分区评价[J].中国煤炭,2015,41(10):33-36.MA Xiong-de,FAN Li-min,HE Wei-zhong,et al.Zoning and evaluation on water inrush risk in shallow coal seam with high intensity mining[J].China Coal,2015,41(10):33-36.
[20] 代革联,薛小渊,牛超.基于水化学特征分析的象山矿井突水水源判别[J].西安科技大学学报,2017,37(2):213-218.DAI Ge-lian,XU Xiao-yuan,NIU Chao.Discrimination of water inrush source in Xiangshan coal mine based on chemical characteristics of groundwater[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2017,37(2):213-218.
[21] 张海荣,周荣福,郭达志,等.基于GIS复合分析的煤矿顶板水害预测研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2005,34(1):112-116.ZHANG Hai-rong,ZHOU Rong-fu,GUO Da-zhi,et al.Investigation on predicting roof water gush in coal mines based on multi-factor analysis[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2005,34(1):112-116.
[22] 孙魁.煤矿水害致灾机理研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2016.SUN Kui.Study on disaster-causing mechanism of coal mine flood[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2016.
[23] 孙魁,王英,李成,等.巨厚煤层顶板离层水致灾机理研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(2):14-21.SUN Kui,WANG Ying,LI Cheng,et al.Mechanism of roof separation water disaster in thick coal seam[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2018,37(2):14-21.
[24] 许武,夏玉成,杜荣军,等.导水裂隙带预计经验公式的“三性”探究[J].矿业研究与开发,2013,33(6):63-67.XU Wu,XIA Yu-cheng,DU Rong-jun,et al.Study on three properties of the empirical formula for estimating the height of water-flowing fractured zone[J].Mining R & D,2013,33(6):63-67.
[25] 方刚,靳德武.铜川玉华煤矿顶板离层水突水机理与防治[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(3):57-64.FANG Gang,JIN De-wu.Research on the roof stratifugic water inrush mechanism and control in Tongchuan Yuhua coal mine[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2016,44(3):57-64.
[2] 王双明,黄庆享,范立民,等.生态脆弱矿区含(隔)水层特征及保水开采分区研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):8-14.WANG Shuang-ming,HUANG Qing-xiang,FAN Li-mini,et al.Study on overburden aquclude and water protection mining regionazation in the ecological fragile mining area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(1):8-14.
[3] 范立民,马雄德,冀瑞君.西部生态脆弱矿区保水采煤研究与实践进展[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(8):1711-1717.FAN Li-min,MA Xiong-de,JI Rui-jun.Progress in engineering practice of water-preserved coal mining in western eco-environment frangible area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(8):1711-1717.
[4] 范立民.保水采煤的科学内涵[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):27-35.FAN Li-min.Scientific connotation of water-preserved mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):27-35.
[5] FAN Li-min,MA Xiong-de.A review on investigation of water-preserved coal mining in western China[J].International Journal of Coal Science & Technology,2018,5(4):411-416.
[6] 柳宁,赵晓光,解海军,等.榆神府地区煤炭开采对地下水资源的影响[J].西安科技大学学报,2019,39 (1):71-78.LIU Ning,ZHAO Xiao-guang,XIE Hai-jun,et al.Influence of coal mining on groundwater resources in Yushenfu Area[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2019,39(1):71-78.
[7] 武强,黄晓玲,董东林,等.评价煤层顶板涌(突)水条件的“三图-双预测法”[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(1):60-65.WU Qiang,HUANG Xiao-ling,DONG Dong-lin,et al.“Three maps-two predictions” method to evaluate water bursting coditions on roof coal[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2000,25(1):60-65.
[8] 武强,许珂,张维.再论煤层顶板涌(突)水危险性预测评价的“三图-双预测法”[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(6):1341-1347.WU Qiang,XU Ke,ZHANG Wei.Further research on “three maps-two predictions”method for prediction on coal seam roof water bursting risk[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(6):1341-1347.
[9] Wu Q,Fan S K,Zhou W F,et al.Application of the analytic hierarchy process to assessment of water inrush:A case study for the No.17 coal seam in the sanhejian coal mine,China[J].Mine Water and the Environment,2013,32(3):229-238.
[10] Wu Q,Liu Y Z,Zhou W F,et al.Assessment of water inrush vulnerability from overlying aquifer using GIS-AHP-based “three maps-two predictions” method:a case study in Hulusu coal mine,China[J].Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,2015,48(3-4):234-243.
[11] Wu Q,Liu Y Z,Zhou W F,et al.Evaluation of water inrush vulnerability from aquifers overlying coal seams in the menkeqing coal mine,China[J].Mine Water and the environment,2015,34(3):258-269.
[12] 李坤,曾一凡,尚彦军,等.基于GIS的“三图-双预测法”的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(2):58-62.LI Kun,ZENG Yi-fan,SHANG Yan-jun,et al.The application of “three maps-two predictions” method based on GIS[J].Coal Geology & Eeploration,2015,43(2):58-62.
[13] 张小明,武强,刘红艳,等.集贤井田煤层顶板危险性综合评价与防治对策研究[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(S2):56-59.ZHANG Xiao-ming,WU Qiang,LIU Hong-yan,et al.Comprehensive evaluation for water hazard risk in coal seam roof of Jixian Mining Field and the preventive countermeasures[J].Coal Eegineering,2016,48(S2):56-59.
[14] DU Wei-sheng,JIANG Yao-dong,MA Zhen-qian,et al.Assessment of water inrush and factor sensitivity analysis in an amalgamated coal mine in China[J].Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2017,10(21).
[15] 任晓波,吴瑞芳.基于煤层顶板充水含水层水压的“修正三图-双预测法”研究[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(S2):131-133.REN Xiao-bo,WU Rui-fang.A modified three graphics-two predictions method based on hydraulic pressure of aquifers above coal seam roof[J].Coal Engineering,2016,48(S2):131-133.
[16] 范立民,马雄德,蒋辉,等.西部生态脆弱矿区矿井突水溃沙危险性分区[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(3):531-536.FAN Li-min,MA Xiong-de,JIANG Hui,et al.Risk evaluation on water and sand inrush in ecologically fragile coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(3):531-536.
[17] 王生全,武超,彭涛,等.青龙寺煤矿5-2煤层顶板含水层突水危险性评价[J].西安科技大学学报,2018,38(6):959-965.WANG Sheng-quan,WU Chao,PENG Tao,et al.Evaluation of water inrush hazard in roof aquifer of 5-2 coal seam in Qinglongsi coal mine[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2018,38(6):959-965.
[18] 贺晓浪,段中会,苗霖田,等.陕北毛乌素沙漠区潜水含水层富水性及动态变化特征[J].西安科技大学学报,2019,39(1):88-95.HE Xiao-lang,DUAN Zhong-hui,MIAO Lin-tian,et al.Unconfined aquifer water-richness and dynamic change features of Mu Us Desert Area in northern Shaanxi[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2019,39(1):88-95.
[19] 马雄德,范立民,贺卫中,等.浅埋煤层高强度开采突水危险性分区评价[J].中国煤炭,2015,41(10):33-36.MA Xiong-de,FAN Li-min,HE Wei-zhong,et al.Zoning and evaluation on water inrush risk in shallow coal seam with high intensity mining[J].China Coal,2015,41(10):33-36.
[20] 代革联,薛小渊,牛超.基于水化学特征分析的象山矿井突水水源判别[J].西安科技大学学报,2017,37(2):213-218.DAI Ge-lian,XU Xiao-yuan,NIU Chao.Discrimination of water inrush source in Xiangshan coal mine based on chemical characteristics of groundwater[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2017,37(2):213-218.
[21] 张海荣,周荣福,郭达志,等.基于GIS复合分析的煤矿顶板水害预测研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2005,34(1):112-116.ZHANG Hai-rong,ZHOU Rong-fu,GUO Da-zhi,et al.Investigation on predicting roof water gush in coal mines based on multi-factor analysis[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2005,34(1):112-116.
[22] 孙魁.煤矿水害致灾机理研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2016.SUN Kui.Study on disaster-causing mechanism of coal mine flood[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2016.
[23] 孙魁,王英,李成,等.巨厚煤层顶板离层水致灾机理研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(2):14-21.SUN Kui,WANG Ying,LI Cheng,et al.Mechanism of roof separation water disaster in thick coal seam[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2018,37(2):14-21.
[24] 许武,夏玉成,杜荣军,等.导水裂隙带预计经验公式的“三性”探究[J].矿业研究与开发,2013,33(6):63-67.XU Wu,XIA Yu-cheng,DU Rong-jun,et al.Study on three properties of the empirical formula for estimating the height of water-flowing fractured zone[J].Mining R & D,2013,33(6):63-67.
[25] 方刚,靳德武.铜川玉华煤矿顶板离层水突水机理与防治[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(3):57-64.FANG Gang,JIN De-wu.Research on the roof stratifugic water inrush mechanism and control in Tongchuan Yuhua coal mine[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2016,44(3):57-64.