植物源抑芽物质对延长甘薯贮藏期的作用效果
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摘要
为探寻延长甘薯块根贮藏期的方法,本试验以萌芽性好的绵12-25-1和耐贮藏紫肉品种绵紫薯9号块根为材料,用常规抑芽剂氯苯胺灵(CIPC)、源于植物的挥发性物质薄荷醇(MEN)和香芹酮(CAR)处理,比较它们对延长块根贮藏期的作用效果。结果表明,CIPC、MEN、CAR 3种试剂均能抑制甘薯块根芽的生长,抑芽能力依次表现为CAR>MEN>CIPC。芽的生长被抑制后可以减少块根的物质消耗,使重量损失降低,贮藏150 d时,经CAR处理的甘薯块根的重量损失仅为对照组的46. 40%;贮藏期间甘薯块根干物质中的淀粉含量整体呈下降趋势,但抑芽处理组的淀粉含量下降缓慢,尤其是经CAR处理的甘薯块根的淀粉含量,在贮藏150 d时,绵12-25-1和棉紫薯9号块根中淀粉含量分别较对照组高34. 57%和24. 82%;抑芽处理能不同程度地延缓甘薯块根可溶性糖、花青素的代谢消耗,延缓能力与抑芽能力呈正相关,贮藏150 d时CAR处理的绵紫薯9号花青素含量较对照高22. 06%。抑芽处理对甘薯块根α-淀粉酶活性影响弱,但能刺激与抗逆相关的过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著升高。综上,CAR用量低且对环境友好,抑制甘薯块根萌芽、保持块根品质的效果最显著,具有延长甘薯贮藏期的潜力。
To explore method for prolonging the storage period of sweet potato root tuber,common sprout inhibitor chlorpropham( CIPC),plant-derived material menthol( MEN) and carvone( CAR) were used to treat root tuber of easier sprouting line Mian 12-25-1 and purple fleshed variety Mianzishu 9 as materials,using to treat root tuber. As a result,the three kinds of reagents could inhibit the sprouting of root tuber,and the inhibition ability was CAR>MEN>CIPC. Sprouting inhibition reduced respiration consumption,which thus decreased the weight loss of root tuber,and the weight loss of CAR treatment was only 46. 40% of the control weight loss after storage 150 d. Starch content in the dry matter of sweet potato root tuber showed a downward trend during storage,but the sprouting inhibition treatment could significantly keep starch content. At 150 d,the starch content of Mian 12-25-1 and Mianzishu 9 after CAR treatment was 34. 57% and 24. 82% higher than that of control,respectively. The consumption of soluble sugar and anthocyanin in sprouting inhibition treatment was delayed to reduce in different degrees and the ability of retarding was positively correlated with sprouting inhibiting ability. The anthocyanin content of CAR treatment in Mianzishu 9 root tuber was22. 06% higher than that of the control at 150 d. The sprout inhibition treatment had a weak effect on the α-amylase activity,but significantly stimulated the activity of POD related to stress resistance. The results demonstrated that,CAR as an environmentally friendly substance with the lower using content could effectively inhibit the sprouting of root tuber and maintain root tuber quality and had the potential to prolong the storage period of sweet potato.
To explore method for prolonging the storage period of sweet potato root tuber,common sprout inhibitor chlorpropham( CIPC),plant-derived material menthol( MEN) and carvone( CAR) were used to treat root tuber of easier sprouting line Mian 12-25-1 and purple fleshed variety Mianzishu 9 as materials,using to treat root tuber. As a result,the three kinds of reagents could inhibit the sprouting of root tuber,and the inhibition ability was CAR>MEN>CIPC. Sprouting inhibition reduced respiration consumption,which thus decreased the weight loss of root tuber,and the weight loss of CAR treatment was only 46. 40% of the control weight loss after storage 150 d. Starch content in the dry matter of sweet potato root tuber showed a downward trend during storage,but the sprouting inhibition treatment could significantly keep starch content. At 150 d,the starch content of Mian 12-25-1 and Mianzishu 9 after CAR treatment was 34. 57% and 24. 82% higher than that of control,respectively. The consumption of soluble sugar and anthocyanin in sprouting inhibition treatment was delayed to reduce in different degrees and the ability of retarding was positively correlated with sprouting inhibiting ability. The anthocyanin content of CAR treatment in Mianzishu 9 root tuber was22. 06% higher than that of the control at 150 d. The sprout inhibition treatment had a weak effect on the α-amylase activity,but significantly stimulated the activity of POD related to stress resistance. The results demonstrated that,CAR as an environmentally friendly substance with the lower using content could effectively inhibit the sprouting of root tuber and maintain root tuber quality and had the potential to prolong the storage period of sweet potato.
引文
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[21]王忠.植物生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009
[22]Batish D R,Singh H P,Kaur M,Kohli R K,Singh S.Chemical characterization and phytotoxicity of volatile essential oil from leaves of Anisomeles indica(Lamiaceae)[J].Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2012,41:104-109
[23]杨期和,叶万辉,廖富林,尹小娟.植物化感物质对种子萌发的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(12):1459-1465
[24]陶向,张勇为,姜玉松,王海燕,张义正.甘薯块根储藏过程中的淀粉含量变化[J].应用与环境生物学报,2010,16(5):741-744
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[27]张原箕,张化,赵力,张巧兰,詹昌玲,张亚利.甘薯块茎中β-淀粉酶同工酶特性及其在萌芽过程中的组织分布[J].农产品加工,2006(10):53-56
[28]Stanley D,Farnden K J F,Macrae E A.Plantα-amylases:functions and roles in carbohydrate metabolism[J].Biologia Bratislava,2005,60(16):65-71
[29]Rentzsch S,Podzimska D,Voegele A,Imbeck M,Müller K,Linkies A,Leubner-Metzqer G.Dose-and tissue-specific interaction of monoterpenes with the gibberellin-mediated release of potato tuber bud dormancy,sprout growth and induction ofα-amylases andβ-amylases[J].Planta,2012,235(1):137-151
[30]王欣,过晓明,李强,唐忠厚,郭尚洙,马代夫.转逆境诱导型启动子SWPA2驱动Cu/Zn SOD和APX基因甘薯(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.)耐盐性[J].分子植物育种,2011,9(6):754-759
[31]Afify A E M R,El-Beltagi H S,Aly A A,El-Ansary A E.Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation as biomarker for potato tuber stored by two essential oils from caraway and clove and its main component carvone and eugenol[J].Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine,2012,2(z2):S772-S780
[2]张有林,张润光,王鑫腾.甘薯采后生理、主要病害及贮藏技术研究[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(3):553-563
[3]董顺旭,李爱贤,侯夫云,张海燕,汪宝卿,解备涛,王庆美.北方甘薯安全贮藏影响因素的研究进展[J].山东农业科学,2013,45(12):123-125,130
[4]史光辉,胡志和,吴子健,孙振刚,武文起,冯永强.贮藏温度对3种甘薯品质的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(3):493-498
[5]Mahto R,Das M.Effect of gamma irradiation on the physicmechanical and chemical properties of potato(Solanum tuberosum L.),cv.‘Kufri Sindhuri’,in non-refrigerated storage conditions[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2014,92(1):37-45
[6]刘红锦,王炜,李鹏霞,李建军,黄开红.辐照处理对2种甘薯的保鲜效果[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(1):160-163
[7]Lu Z H,Donner E,Yada R Y,Liu Q.Impact ofγ-irradiation,CIPC treatment,and storage conditions on physicochemical and nutritional properties of potato starches[J].Food Chemistry,2012,133(4):1188-1195
[8]Foukaraki S G,Cools K,Chope G A,Terry C L A.Impact of ethylene and 1-MCP on sprouting and sugar accumulation in stored potatoes[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2016,114:95-103
[9]Daniels-Lake B J,Pruski K,Prange R K.Using ethylene gas and chlorpropham potato sprout inhibitors together[J].Potato Research,2011,54(3):223-236
[10]Huang Z,Tian S,Ge X,Zhang J,Li S,Li M,Cheng J,Zheng H.Complexation of chlorpropham with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and its application in potato sprout inhibition[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2014,107:241-246
[11]王雪姣.甘薯保鲜新技术研究[D].济南:山东农业大学,2016:14,32-33
[12]PergoM,Ishii-Iwamoto E L.Changes in energy metabolism and antioxidant defense systems during seed germination of the weed species Ipomoea triloba L.and the responses to allelochemicals[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2011,37(5):500-513
[13]Shankar R M,Veeralakshmi S,Sirajunnisa A R,Rajendran R.Effect of allelochemicals from leaf leachates of Gmelina arborea on inhibition of some essential seed germination enzymes in green gram,red gram,black gram,and chickpea[J].International Scholarly Research Notices,2014,2:1-7
[14]Gómez-Castillo D,Cruz E,Iguaz A,Arroqui C,Virseda P.Effects of essential oils on sprout suppression and quality of potato cultivars[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2013,82(1):15-21
[15]Hartmans K J,Diepenhorst P,Bakker W,Lgm G.The use of carvone in agriculture:sprout suppression of potatoes and antifungal activity against potato tuber and other plant diseases[J].Industrial Crops and Products Applications,1995,4(1):3-13
[16]Oosterhaven K,Poolman B,Smid E J.S-carvone as a natural potato sprout inhibiting,fungistatic and bacteristatic compound[J].Industrial Crops and Products Applications,1995,4(1):23-31
[17]Teper-Bamnolker P,Dudai N,Fischer R,Belausov E,Zemach H,Shoseyov O,Eshel D.Mint essential oil can induce or inhibit potato sprouing by differential alteration of apical meristem[J].Planta,2010,232(1):179-186
[18]熊庆蛾.植物生理学实验教程[M].1版.成都:四川科技出版社,2003
[19]中国科学院上海植物生理研究所.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].1版.北京:科学出版社,1999
[20]陈香颖,杨国才,王季春,高旭,胡思淋,刘方华,张凯.不同烘干温度对紫色甘薯淀粉率和花青素含量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(2):211-213
[21]王忠.植物生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009
[22]Batish D R,Singh H P,Kaur M,Kohli R K,Singh S.Chemical characterization and phytotoxicity of volatile essential oil from leaves of Anisomeles indica(Lamiaceae)[J].Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2012,41:104-109
[23]杨期和,叶万辉,廖富林,尹小娟.植物化感物质对种子萌发的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(12):1459-1465
[24]陶向,张勇为,姜玉松,王海燕,张义正.甘薯块根储藏过程中的淀粉含量变化[J].应用与环境生物学报,2010,16(5):741-744
[25]谢逸萍,李洪民,王欣.贮藏期甘薯块根淀粉酶活性变化趋势[J].江苏农业学报,2008,24(4):406-409
[26]唐君,周志林,赵冬兰,曹清河.甘薯贮藏过程淀粉酶活性变化及对薯块芽萌发的影响[J].福建农业学报,2010,25(6):699-702
[27]张原箕,张化,赵力,张巧兰,詹昌玲,张亚利.甘薯块茎中β-淀粉酶同工酶特性及其在萌芽过程中的组织分布[J].农产品加工,2006(10):53-56
[28]Stanley D,Farnden K J F,Macrae E A.Plantα-amylases:functions and roles in carbohydrate metabolism[J].Biologia Bratislava,2005,60(16):65-71
[29]Rentzsch S,Podzimska D,Voegele A,Imbeck M,Müller K,Linkies A,Leubner-Metzqer G.Dose-and tissue-specific interaction of monoterpenes with the gibberellin-mediated release of potato tuber bud dormancy,sprout growth and induction ofα-amylases andβ-amylases[J].Planta,2012,235(1):137-151
[30]王欣,过晓明,李强,唐忠厚,郭尚洙,马代夫.转逆境诱导型启动子SWPA2驱动Cu/Zn SOD和APX基因甘薯(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.)耐盐性[J].分子植物育种,2011,9(6):754-759
[31]Afify A E M R,El-Beltagi H S,Aly A A,El-Ansary A E.Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation as biomarker for potato tuber stored by two essential oils from caraway and clove and its main component carvone and eugenol[J].Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine,2012,2(z2):S772-S780
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