亚洲多色瓢虫捕食玉米蚜的功能反应及寻找效应研究
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摘要
【目的】为明确天敌昆虫亚洲多色瓢虫(Harmonias axyridis)对玉米蚜(Rhopalosiphum maidis)的防控能力。【方法】在室内光照培养箱中,研究了亚洲多色瓢虫各生育阶段对玉米蚜高龄若蚜的捕食功能与寻找效率。【结果】亚洲多色瓢虫不同生育阶段对玉米蚜的日猎食数量差异较大,其中4龄幼虫和雌虫对玉米蚜的猎食数量较多,日最大猎食量分别为400头和370.4头。亚洲多色瓢虫各虫态的捕食功能反应类型均属于HollingⅡ型圆盘方程。亚洲多色瓢虫各生育阶段对玉米蚜的寻找效率随瓢虫密度的增加而下降。【结论】亚洲多色瓢虫的高龄幼虫和成虫对玉米蚜防控能力较强,且在亚洲多色瓢虫的捕食猎物过程中,瓢虫之间存在干扰作用,其干扰作用大小与瓢虫密度成正相关。
[Purpose]Our aim was to clarify predation abilities and the predatory functional responses of Harmonias axyridis. [Method]Each instar larvae and adults of H. axyridis on Rhopalosiphum maidis in the intelligent light incubator in indoor. [Result]There was differences between daily predatory capacity of larvae and adults of H. axyridis on R. maidis. The 4 th instar larvae and female adult of H. axyridis could preyed on 400, 370.4 aphids respectively. The functional responses of the adults and larvae of H. axyridis to the density of R. maidis fitted well with HollingⅡmodel. The searching efficiency decreased with the increase of predator density. Chi square test showed that the theoretical expectation fit the observed values. [ Conclusion] The older larvae and adults of H.axyridis showed strong ability to control corn aphids, and there is interference between ladybugs in preying, the interference effect is positively related to ladybug density.
[Purpose]Our aim was to clarify predation abilities and the predatory functional responses of Harmonias axyridis. [Method]Each instar larvae and adults of H. axyridis on Rhopalosiphum maidis in the intelligent light incubator in indoor. [Result]There was differences between daily predatory capacity of larvae and adults of H. axyridis on R. maidis. The 4 th instar larvae and female adult of H. axyridis could preyed on 400, 370.4 aphids respectively. The functional responses of the adults and larvae of H. axyridis to the density of R. maidis fitted well with HollingⅡmodel. The searching efficiency decreased with the increase of predator density. Chi square test showed that the theoretical expectation fit the observed values. [ Conclusion] The older larvae and adults of H.axyridis showed strong ability to control corn aphids, and there is interference between ladybugs in preying, the interference effect is positively related to ladybug density.
引文
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[2]PERVEZ A,OMKAR.Functional responses of coccinellid predators:an illustration of a logistic approach[J].Journal of Insect Science,2005,5(1):5.DOI:10.1093/jis/5.1.5.
[3]田玉龙,王向阳,邵正飞,等.淮北地区夏玉米田节肢动物优势种群灰色系统及时间生态位分析[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(15):314.
[4]杜开书,叶晖,王丙丽.玉米田昆虫群落结构及动态分析[J].河南科技学院学报(自然科学版),2011,39(3):29.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-7516.2011.03.007.
[5]BLACKMAN R L,EASTOP V F.Aphids on the world’s crops:an identification and information guide[M].2nd ed.New York:John Wiley&Sons,2000.
[6]EVERLY R T.Loss in corn yield associated with the abundance of the corn leaf aphid,Rhopalosiphum maidis,in Indiana[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1960,53(5):924.DOI:10.1093/jee/53.5.924.
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[8]田仲,管德义,刘剑,等.异色瓢虫密度对槐蚜捕食的干扰效应研究[J].植物保护,2008,34(3):51.
[9]葛有茂,万玲,赵士熙.异色瓢虫对莲缢管蚜的捕食作用研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2006,28(2):208.
[10]邓建华,谭仲夏,单琼丽,等.异色瓢虫对烟蚜的捕食功能反应及密度干扰效应[J].西南农业大学学报,2002,24(5):433.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-9868.2002.05.014.
[11]王东昌,袁忠林,罗兰,等.异色瓢虫对桃大尾蚜的捕食作用研究[J].植物保护,2001,27(1):29.
[12]邹运鼎,季近,孟庆雷,等.异色瓢虫成虫对麦二叉蚜的捕食作用模型[J].生物数学学报,1995,10(3):194.
[13]胡玉山,王志明,宁长林,等.异色瓢虫捕食落叶松大蚜功能反应研究[J].昆虫天敌,1989,11(4):164.
[14]杜军利,武德功,刘长仲.异色瓢虫和多异瓢虫对两种色型豌豆蚜的捕食偏好研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(1):102.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.140739.
[15]方寅昊,陶玫,马钧,等.异色瓢虫对绣线菊蚜捕食功能研究[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2013,28(3):306 .DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-390X(n).2013.03.004.
[16]武德功,杜军利,刘长仲,等.不同龄期龟纹瓢虫对豌豆蚜的捕食功能反应(英文)[J].草地学报,2012,12(4):778.
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[22]张文秋,郭喜红,侯峥嵘,等.异色瓢虫对豆蚜的捕食功能反应[J].环境昆虫学报,2014,36(6):965.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-0858.2014.06.16.
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