重复采动下煤矿采动活跃区地面井变形特征研究
|
摘要
为解决采动影响下的采场覆岩运动,尤其是重复采动影响导致地面井断孔率较高的问题,以分层开采条件下的工程环境为基础,通过建立平面相似模型,进行煤层的分层开挖、采场覆岩的剪切滑移和离层位移对地面井监测线的影响的连续监测,获得了地面井在重复采动影响下的变形特征:采动区地面井在重复采动影响下剪切变形呈现出"增大→减小→增大→减小"的反复错动的活动特征且下分层开采后地面井剪切滑移量较上分层开采后增大了30.12%;离层拉伸变形呈现出"增大→增大→增大→增大"的持续增加的活动特征且下分层开采后地面井离层拉伸变形与采厚比较上分层开采后增大了29.8%。同时,针对地面井变形规律提出了井身强化设计的防护思路。
In order to solve the problem that broken rate of the surface borehole is very high,which caused by overburden movement of the stope,especially the effect of repeated mining,based on the analysis of the characteristics of the overlying strata movement in the stope,the similar model is established on the basis of the engineering environment under the condition of Stratified Mining.Through stratified excavation and continuous monitoring of the effect of shear slip and separation of the overlying strata on the surface borehole monitoring line,the deformation characteristics of the surface borehole under the influence of mining are obtained.Under the influence of repeated mining,the ground surface boreholes in the mining area show the repeated moving characteristics of " increase→decrease→increase →decrease" and after sub level mining,the shear slip of the surface borehole increases by 30.12% compared with the upper layer mining; the deformation of the abscission layer show the characteristics of the continuous increase of " increase,increase,increase and increase" and after the sub level mining,the ratio of tensile deformation and the thickness of the surface borehole are increased by 29.8%.At the same time,the protection idea of surface borehole body reinforcement design is put forward.
In order to solve the problem that broken rate of the surface borehole is very high,which caused by overburden movement of the stope,especially the effect of repeated mining,based on the analysis of the characteristics of the overlying strata movement in the stope,the similar model is established on the basis of the engineering environment under the condition of Stratified Mining.Through stratified excavation and continuous monitoring of the effect of shear slip and separation of the overlying strata on the surface borehole monitoring line,the deformation characteristics of the surface borehole under the influence of mining are obtained.Under the influence of repeated mining,the ground surface boreholes in the mining area show the repeated moving characteristics of " increase→decrease→increase →decrease" and after sub level mining,the shear slip of the surface borehole increases by 30.12% compared with the upper layer mining; the deformation of the abscission layer show the characteristics of the continuous increase of " increase,increase,increase and increase" and after the sub level mining,the ratio of tensile deformation and the thickness of the surface borehole are increased by 29.8%.At the same time,the protection idea of surface borehole body reinforcement design is put forward.
引文
[1]周世宁,林伯泉,李增华.高瓦斯煤层开采的新思路及待研究的主要问题[J].中国矿业大学学报,2001,30(2):111-113.ZHOU Shining,LIN Boquan,LI Zenghua.The new route and some subject problems in high gas coal mining[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2001,30(2):111-113.
[2]袁亮.低透高瓦斯煤层群安全开采关键技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7):1370-1379.YUAN Liang.Key technique of safe mining in low permeability and methane-rich seam group[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(7):1370-1379.
[3]孙海涛,郑颖人,郭盛强,等.地面井层面拉剪破坏模型及极限分析判识方法[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(1):31-38.SUN Haitao,ZHENG Yingren,HU Qianting,et al.Surface borehole casing coupling deformation mechanism[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2011,36(5):823-829.
[4]周福宝,夏同强,刘应科,等.地面钻井抽采卸压煤层及采空区瓦斯的流量计算模型[M].煤炭学报,2010,35(10):1639-1643.ZHOU Fubao,XIA Tongqiang,LIU Yingke,et al.A calculation model for gas flow rates in surface boreholes extracting gas from pressure-relieved seams and gobs[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2010,35(10):1639-1643.
[5]张军,孙东玲,黄旭超,等.地面钻井抽放采动区域瓦斯技术的试验研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2007,34(1):1-5.ZHANG Jun,SUN Dongling,HUANG Xuchao,et al.Experimental study on gas drainage technology in mining area by surface drilling[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2007,34(1):1-5.
[6]许斌,蒋金泉,代进,等.采场上覆关键层破断角的力学推导和实验模拟[M].煤炭学报,2018,43(3):599-606.XU Bin,JIANG Jinquan,DAI Jin,et al.Mechanical derivation and experimental simulation of breaking angle of key strata in overlying strata[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2018,43(3):599-606.
[7]孙海涛,胡千庭,郑颖人,等.一种采场上覆岩层离层位移确定方法及其应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):16-19.SUN Haitao,HU Qianting,ZHENG Yingren,et al.Method to gain the bed separation displacement of overlying strata and its application[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):16-19.
[8]许满贵,魏攀,李树刚,等.“三软”煤层综采工作面覆岩运移和裂隙演化规律实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(S1):122-127.XU Mangui,WEI Pan,LI Shugang,et al.Experimental study on overburden migration and fracture evolution law of“three soft”coal seam fully mechanized working-face[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2017,42(S1):122-127.
[9]樊克松,申宝宏,张风达.厚煤层开采地表移动变形规律的深厚效应研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(3):194-199.FAN Kesong,SHEN Baohong,ZHANG Fengda.Research of depth and thickness effect of surface deformationlaws on thick coal seam mining[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(3):194-199.
[10]左建平,孙运江,文金浩,等.岩层移动理论与力学模型及其展望[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(1):1-11.ZUO Jianping,SUN Yunjiang,WEN Jinhao,et al.Theoretical and mechanical models of rock strata movement and their prospects[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(1):1-11.
[11]付军辉,林府进,孙海涛,等.采动区地面煤层气开发悬挂生产套管的研究及实践[J],矿业安全与环保,2014,41(3):82-84.FU Junhui,LIN Fujin,SUN Haitao,et al.Research and practice of hanging production casing for development of surface coalbed methane in mining area[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2014,41(3):82-84.
[12]孙东玲,孙海涛.煤矿采动区地面井瓦斯抽采技术及其应用前景分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(6):49-52.SUN Dongling,SUN Haitao.Application prospect analysis on gas drainage technology of surface well in mining area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(6):49-52.
[13]李日富,梁运培,张军.地面钻孔抽采采空区瓦斯效率影响因素[M].煤炭学报,2009,34(7):942-946.LI Rifu,LIANG Yunpei,ZHANG Jun.Influencing factors to extraction efficiency of surface goaf hole[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2009,34(7):942-946.
[14]郭亮,付军辉,李日富.井上下联合抽采瓦斯技术在岳城矿的应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(2).59-61.GUO Liang,FU Junhui,LI Rifu.Application of combined gas drainage technology by both surface and underground boreholes in yuecheng mine[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2013,40(2):59-61.
[15]孙海涛.采动影响下地面钻井的变形破坏机理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.
[16]WHITTLES D N,LOWNDES I S,Kingman S W,et al.The stability of methane capture boreholes around a long wall coal panel[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2007,71:313-328.
[17]付军辉.采动影响区地面井瓦斯抽采在岳城矿的应用研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(3):53-55.FU Junhui.Application of surface well gas drainage in mining-affected area of Yuecheng Mine[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2016,43(3):53-55.
[18]孙海涛,刘东燕,梁运培.地面抽采钻井的剪切变形破坏模型及关键层影响效应分析[J].重庆大学学报,2009,32(5):550-555.SUN Haitao,LIU Dongyan,LIANG Yunpei,et al.Key rock strata effecting analysis on surface borehole shear deformation fracture[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2009,32(5):550-555.
[19]LIU Jianzhong,SUN haitao,HU qianting.Surface borehole synthesis tension deformation fracture time-space rule[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2012,22:465-470.
[20]孙海涛,张艳.地面瓦斯抽采钻孔变形破坏影响因素及防治措施分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2010,37(2):79-85.SUN Haitao,ZHANG Yan.Analysis on deformation and fracturing factors of surface gas drainage holes and preventive measures[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2010,37(2):79-85.
[2]袁亮.低透高瓦斯煤层群安全开采关键技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(7):1370-1379.YUAN Liang.Key technique of safe mining in low permeability and methane-rich seam group[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(7):1370-1379.
[3]孙海涛,郑颖人,郭盛强,等.地面井层面拉剪破坏模型及极限分析判识方法[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(1):31-38.SUN Haitao,ZHENG Yingren,HU Qianting,et al.Surface borehole casing coupling deformation mechanism[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2011,36(5):823-829.
[4]周福宝,夏同强,刘应科,等.地面钻井抽采卸压煤层及采空区瓦斯的流量计算模型[M].煤炭学报,2010,35(10):1639-1643.ZHOU Fubao,XIA Tongqiang,LIU Yingke,et al.A calculation model for gas flow rates in surface boreholes extracting gas from pressure-relieved seams and gobs[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2010,35(10):1639-1643.
[5]张军,孙东玲,黄旭超,等.地面钻井抽放采动区域瓦斯技术的试验研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2007,34(1):1-5.ZHANG Jun,SUN Dongling,HUANG Xuchao,et al.Experimental study on gas drainage technology in mining area by surface drilling[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2007,34(1):1-5.
[6]许斌,蒋金泉,代进,等.采场上覆关键层破断角的力学推导和实验模拟[M].煤炭学报,2018,43(3):599-606.XU Bin,JIANG Jinquan,DAI Jin,et al.Mechanical derivation and experimental simulation of breaking angle of key strata in overlying strata[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2018,43(3):599-606.
[7]孙海涛,胡千庭,郑颖人,等.一种采场上覆岩层离层位移确定方法及其应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(1):16-19.SUN Haitao,HU Qianting,ZHENG Yingren,et al.Method to gain the bed separation displacement of overlying strata and its application[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(1):16-19.
[8]许满贵,魏攀,李树刚,等.“三软”煤层综采工作面覆岩运移和裂隙演化规律实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(S1):122-127.XU Mangui,WEI Pan,LI Shugang,et al.Experimental study on overburden migration and fracture evolution law of“three soft”coal seam fully mechanized working-face[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2017,42(S1):122-127.
[9]樊克松,申宝宏,张风达.厚煤层开采地表移动变形规律的深厚效应研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(3):194-199.FAN Kesong,SHEN Baohong,ZHANG Fengda.Research of depth and thickness effect of surface deformationlaws on thick coal seam mining[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(3):194-199.
[10]左建平,孙运江,文金浩,等.岩层移动理论与力学模型及其展望[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(1):1-11.ZUO Jianping,SUN Yunjiang,WEN Jinhao,et al.Theoretical and mechanical models of rock strata movement and their prospects[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(1):1-11.
[11]付军辉,林府进,孙海涛,等.采动区地面煤层气开发悬挂生产套管的研究及实践[J],矿业安全与环保,2014,41(3):82-84.FU Junhui,LIN Fujin,SUN Haitao,et al.Research and practice of hanging production casing for development of surface coalbed methane in mining area[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2014,41(3):82-84.
[12]孙东玲,孙海涛.煤矿采动区地面井瓦斯抽采技术及其应用前景分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(6):49-52.SUN Dongling,SUN Haitao.Application prospect analysis on gas drainage technology of surface well in mining area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(6):49-52.
[13]李日富,梁运培,张军.地面钻孔抽采采空区瓦斯效率影响因素[M].煤炭学报,2009,34(7):942-946.LI Rifu,LIANG Yunpei,ZHANG Jun.Influencing factors to extraction efficiency of surface goaf hole[J].Journal of Chinese Coal Society,2009,34(7):942-946.
[14]郭亮,付军辉,李日富.井上下联合抽采瓦斯技术在岳城矿的应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(2).59-61.GUO Liang,FU Junhui,LI Rifu.Application of combined gas drainage technology by both surface and underground boreholes in yuecheng mine[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2013,40(2):59-61.
[15]孙海涛.采动影响下地面钻井的变形破坏机理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.
[16]WHITTLES D N,LOWNDES I S,Kingman S W,et al.The stability of methane capture boreholes around a long wall coal panel[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2007,71:313-328.
[17]付军辉.采动影响区地面井瓦斯抽采在岳城矿的应用研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(3):53-55.FU Junhui.Application of surface well gas drainage in mining-affected area of Yuecheng Mine[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2016,43(3):53-55.
[18]孙海涛,刘东燕,梁运培.地面抽采钻井的剪切变形破坏模型及关键层影响效应分析[J].重庆大学学报,2009,32(5):550-555.SUN Haitao,LIU Dongyan,LIANG Yunpei,et al.Key rock strata effecting analysis on surface borehole shear deformation fracture[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2009,32(5):550-555.
[19]LIU Jianzhong,SUN haitao,HU qianting.Surface borehole synthesis tension deformation fracture time-space rule[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2012,22:465-470.
[20]孙海涛,张艳.地面瓦斯抽采钻孔变形破坏影响因素及防治措施分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2010,37(2):79-85.SUN Haitao,ZHANG Yan.Analysis on deformation and fracturing factors of surface gas drainage holes and preventive measures[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2010,37(2):79-85.