正交试验法优化亚麻荠籽毛油制取工艺研究
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摘要
采用压榨-浸出法考察亚麻荠籽毛油制取工艺并对其毛油进行品质分析。用单因素试验探讨压榨各因素对饼粕残油率的影响,并采用正交试验法优化压榨制取亚麻荠籽毛油工艺参数;其次,采用单因素试验探讨浸出各因素对饼粕残油提取率的影响,并采用正交试验法优化浸出工艺参数;最后参照国标对亚麻荠籽压榨与浸出毛油基本理化指标进行分析。结果表明,压榨制取亚麻荠籽毛油的最佳工艺参数为压力55MPa、含水量6.3%～7.3%、压榨时间40～50min;以正己烷为溶剂的亚麻荠籽饼粕残油最佳提取工艺参数为料液比1:12(m:V)、浸出时间2.5h、浸出温度40-50℃。此工艺生产的亚麻荠籽毛油品质良好,仅需要简单的精制工艺即可符合国标要求。
The extraction technology of Camelina Sativa(L.) Crantz seed crude oil was studied through pressing-leaching process, and the crude oil of which was undergone quality analysis. The effects of various factors of pressing technology on the residual oil ratio of extruded meal were studied through single factor experiment, and the pressing technology parameters were optimized by orthogonal design method. Then, the effects of various factors of leaching technology on the extraction ratio of residual oil were studied, and the leaching technology parameters were optimized by orthogonal design method. Finally, the basic physicochemical indexes of pressing and leaching crude oil were analyzed according to national standards. The results showed that the optimal technology parameters of pressing extraction of Camelina Sativa(L.) Crantz seed oil was obtained as follows: extraction pressure 55 MPa, water content6.3%～7.3% and extraction time 40～50 min. The optimal technology parameters of leaching extraction of residual oil with hexane as solvent were obtained as follows: solid-liquid ratio(m:V) 1:12, extraction time 2.5 h and extraction temperature 40～50 ℃. The crude oil produced by the above technology could meet the corresponding national standard and merely the simple and refining process was needed herein.
The extraction technology of Camelina Sativa(L.) Crantz seed crude oil was studied through pressing-leaching process, and the crude oil of which was undergone quality analysis. The effects of various factors of pressing technology on the residual oil ratio of extruded meal were studied through single factor experiment, and the pressing technology parameters were optimized by orthogonal design method. Then, the effects of various factors of leaching technology on the extraction ratio of residual oil were studied, and the leaching technology parameters were optimized by orthogonal design method. Finally, the basic physicochemical indexes of pressing and leaching crude oil were analyzed according to national standards. The results showed that the optimal technology parameters of pressing extraction of Camelina Sativa(L.) Crantz seed oil was obtained as follows: extraction pressure 55 MPa, water content6.3%～7.3% and extraction time 40～50 min. The optimal technology parameters of leaching extraction of residual oil with hexane as solvent were obtained as follows: solid-liquid ratio(m:V) 1:12, extraction time 2.5 h and extraction temperature 40～50 ℃. The crude oil produced by the above technology could meet the corresponding national standard and merely the simple and refining process was needed herein.
引文
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[9]马力,钟海雁,陈永忠,等.几种油料脂肪酸组成及化学成分与制油工艺相关性分析[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(1):253-255MA L, ZHONG H Y, CHEN Y Z, et al. Correlation analysis of fatty acid composition and chemical composition of several oils with producing technology[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2015, 43(1):253-255.
[2]苑丽霞,郝敬云,周广航,等.新型能源作物亚麻荠及种子油脂合成调控研究进展[J].山西农业科学,2015, 43(5):634-638,642YUAN L X, HAO J Y, ZHOU G H, et al. Research progress on seed oil biosynthesis and regulation for Camelina sativa(L.)Crantz, a new energy crop[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2015,43(5):634-638,642
[3]BELAYNEH HD, WEHLING RL, CAHOON E, et al. Extraction of omega-3-rich oil from Camelina sativa seed using supercritical carbon dioxide[J]. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2015, 104:153-159
[4]BUDIN JT, BREENE WM, PUTNAM DH. Some compositinal properties of Camelina(Camelina sativa L. Crantz)seeds and oils[J]. The Journal of the American Oil Chemist's Society, 1995,72(3):309-315
[5]王性炎.我国应重视神经酸植物的发展和利用[J].中国油脂,2011, 36(11):52-54WANG XY. The development and utilization ofneuronic acid plants should be emphasized in China[J]. China Oils and Fats,2011,36(11):52-54
[6]KARVONEN HM, ARO A, TAPOLA NS, et al. Effect of a-linolenic acid-rich Camelina sativa oil on serum fatty acid composition and serum lipids in hypercholesterolemic subjects[J]. Metabolism, 2002, 51(10):1253-1260
[7]邓乾春,黄凤洪,黄庆德,等.冷榨荠蓝油对高脂模型大鼠降血脂作用研究[J].营养学报,2009,31(4):361-365DENG Q C, HUANG F H, HUANG Q D, et al. Effect of cold-pressed Camelina Sativa oil on hyperlipemia of rats induced by high fat diet[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica,2009, 31(4):361-365
[8]丁福祺.食用油压榨法和浸出法工艺的区别[J].中国油脂,2005, 30(1):5-6DING FQ. The difference between pressing and leaching process of edible oil[J]. China Oils and Fats,2005,30(1):5-6
[9]马力,钟海雁,陈永忠,等.几种油料脂肪酸组成及化学成分与制油工艺相关性分析[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(1):253-255MA L, ZHONG H Y, CHEN Y Z, et al. Correlation analysis of fatty acid composition and chemical composition of several oils with producing technology[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2015, 43(1):253-255.