变压器直流扰动下励磁谐波与铁心饱和失稳研究
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摘要
变压器遭受直流入侵时铁心励磁饱和程度加深,励磁电流发生畸变,谐波含量显著升高。针对该问题研究变压器励磁谐波与铁心饱和特性,并提出一种变压器直流扰动下铁心饱和失稳判据。基于电磁耦合原理构建交直流混杂模式下的变压器状态方程,利用端口电气信息研究励磁电流辨识方法,对励磁电流进行谐波分析并总结其变化规律,通过分析变压器直流扰动铁心饱和机理,研究铁心饱和失稳判别方法。通过仿真计算与动模实验深入分析变压器的电磁特性,并验证该方法的有效性。该研究为变压器直流扰动下铁心饱和失稳判别提供可行方法。
Excitation saturation of core is deepened when the transformer is subjected to DC invasion, which causes excitation current to distort and harmonic components are increasing significantly. In this paper, the characteristics of excitation harmonic and core saturation are studied, and a criterion for core saturation instability of the transformer DC disturbance is proposed. Based on the principle of electromagnetic coupling, the state equation of transformer in AC/DC hybrid mode is constructed, then the identification method of excitation current is studied based on port electrical information. The harmonic of excitation current is analyzed and its variation law is summarized, furthermore, the discriminating method of core saturation instability is studied by analyzing the saturation mechanism of the transformer under DC disturbance. The electromagnetic characteristics of transformer are analyzed through calculation and dynamic simulation experiment and the effectiveness of this method is verified, which provides a feasible method for discriminating the saturation instability of core under DC disturbance.
Excitation saturation of core is deepened when the transformer is subjected to DC invasion, which causes excitation current to distort and harmonic components are increasing significantly. In this paper, the characteristics of excitation harmonic and core saturation are studied, and a criterion for core saturation instability of the transformer DC disturbance is proposed. Based on the principle of electromagnetic coupling, the state equation of transformer in AC/DC hybrid mode is constructed, then the identification method of excitation current is studied based on port electrical information. The harmonic of excitation current is analyzed and its variation law is summarized, furthermore, the discriminating method of core saturation instability is studied by analyzing the saturation mechanism of the transformer under DC disturbance. The electromagnetic characteristics of transformer are analyzed through calculation and dynamic simulation experiment and the effectiveness of this method is verified, which provides a feasible method for discriminating the saturation instability of core under DC disturbance.
引文
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[15]戚宣威,李露,黄晓明,等.区外故障导致变压器电流互感器饱和及差动保护误动问题研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(20):44-51.QI Xuanwei,LI Lu,HUANG Xiaoming,et al.Study on the CT saturation and mal-operation of the transformer current differential protection during external faults[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(20):44-51.
[16]李长云,刘亚魁.直流偏磁条件下变压器铁心磁化特性的Jiles-Atherton修正模型[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(19):193-201.LI Changyun,LIU Yakui.Modified Jiles-Atherton model of transformer iron core magnetization characteristics with DC bias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(19):193-201.
[17]焦在滨,马涛,屈亚军,等.基于励磁电感参数识别的快速变压器保护[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(10):1658-1666.JIAO Zaibin,MA Tao,QU Yajun,et al.A novel excitation inductance-based power transformer protection scheme[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(10):1658-1666.
[18]潘超,王泽忠,李海龙,等.基于瞬态场路耦合模型的变压器直流偏磁计算[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):174-181.PAN Chao,WANG Zezhong,LI Hailong,et al.DC-bias calculation for single phase transformers based on transient field-circuit coupled model[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(5):174-181.
[19]李泓志,崔翔,刘东升,等.直流偏磁对三相电力变压器的影响[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):88-96.LI Hongzhi,CUI Xiang,LIU Dongsheng,et al.Influence on three-phase power transformer by DC bias excitation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(5):88-96.
[20]白保东,赵晓旋,陈德志,等.基于J-A模型对直流偏磁条件下变压器励磁电流的模拟及实验研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(增刊2):162-166.BAI Baodong,ZHAO Xiaoxuan,CHEN Dezhi,et al.Simulation and experiment research on transformer excitation current under DC magnetic bias based on J-Amodel[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(S2):162-166.
[2]曹楠,王天正,王冬青,等.变压器直流偏磁治理站点选择优化研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):117-122.CAO Nan,WANG Tianzheng,WANG Dongqing,et al.Study on configuration optimization method of transformer magnetic bias treatment[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):117-122.
[3]PAN Zhuohong,WANG Xiaomao,TAN Bo,et al.Potential compensation method for restraining the DCbias of transformers during HVDC monopolar operation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(1):103-111.
[4]TANAKA S,MURATA H,HATSUKADE T,et al.Imaging of magnetic nanoparticles using a second harmonic of magnetization with DC bias field[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(2):1-4.
[5]LI X P,WEN X S,MARKHAM P N,et al.Analysis of nonlinear characteristics for a three-phase five-limb transformer under DC bias[J].IEEE Transactions on Delivery,2010,25(4):2504-2510.
[6]PRICE P R.Geomagnetically induced current effects on transformers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,17(4):1002-1008.
[7]SABURO T,HAYAKI M,TOMOVA H,et al.Imaging of magnetic nanoparticles using a second harmonic of magnetization with DC bias field[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(2):1-4.
[8]BIRO O,KOCZKA G,LEBER G,et al.Finite element analysis of three-phase three-limb power transformers under DC bias[J].IEEE Magnetics Society,2014,50(2):565-568.
[9]KOSAI H,TURGUT Z,BIXEL T,et al.Performance comparison of finemet and metglas tape cores under non-sinusoidal waveforms with DC bias[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2016,52(7):1-4.
[10]WANG Shuaibing,LI Lin,ZHAO Xiaojun,et al.Asymmetrical DC bias analysis of the no-load series transformer by using the TPFEM[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(2):169-177.
[11]BAI Baodong,CHEN Zhiwei,CHEN Dezhi.DC bias elimination and integrated magnetic technology in power transformer[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1-4.
[12]TANAKA S,MURATA H,OISHI T,et al.Imaging of magnetic nanoparticles using a second harmonic of magnetization with DC bias field[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(2):1-4.
[13]翁汉琍,杨国稳,相艳会,等.变压器饱和对交流电网直流电流分布的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(10):3295-3300.WENG Hanli,YANG Guowen,XIANG Yanhui,et al.Effect of transformer saturation on the DC distribution of AC power system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(10):3295-3300.
[14]李妍,周洪伟,沈小伟,等.电力变压器绕组电气参数对绕组变形的全局灵敏度分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(7):31-37.LI Yan,ZHOU Hongwei,SHEN Xiaowei,et al.Global sensitivity analysis of winding electrical parameters on power transformer winding deformation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(7):31-37.
[15]戚宣威,李露,黄晓明,等.区外故障导致变压器电流互感器饱和及差动保护误动问题研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(20):44-51.QI Xuanwei,LI Lu,HUANG Xiaoming,et al.Study on the CT saturation and mal-operation of the transformer current differential protection during external faults[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(20):44-51.
[16]李长云,刘亚魁.直流偏磁条件下变压器铁心磁化特性的Jiles-Atherton修正模型[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(19):193-201.LI Changyun,LIU Yakui.Modified Jiles-Atherton model of transformer iron core magnetization characteristics with DC bias[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(19):193-201.
[17]焦在滨,马涛,屈亚军,等.基于励磁电感参数识别的快速变压器保护[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(10):1658-1666.JIAO Zaibin,MA Tao,QU Yajun,et al.A novel excitation inductance-based power transformer protection scheme[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(10):1658-1666.
[18]潘超,王泽忠,李海龙,等.基于瞬态场路耦合模型的变压器直流偏磁计算[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):174-181.PAN Chao,WANG Zezhong,LI Hailong,et al.DC-bias calculation for single phase transformers based on transient field-circuit coupled model[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(5):174-181.
[19]李泓志,崔翔,刘东升,等.直流偏磁对三相电力变压器的影响[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):88-96.LI Hongzhi,CUI Xiang,LIU Dongsheng,et al.Influence on three-phase power transformer by DC bias excitation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(5):88-96.
[20]白保东,赵晓旋,陈德志,等.基于J-A模型对直流偏磁条件下变压器励磁电流的模拟及实验研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(增刊2):162-166.BAI Baodong,ZHAO Xiaoxuan,CHEN Dezhi,et al.Simulation and experiment research on transformer excitation current under DC magnetic bias based on J-Amodel[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(S2):162-166.