Unity3D应用于疏散仿真的问题与前景
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摘要
为探索Unity3D作为虚拟现实工具应用于疏散仿真领域的可行性,以某高校办公楼为载体,结合MassMotion和Pathfinder两款商业化软件的模拟结果,对Unity3D的疏散模拟效果进行对比分析。研究发现,Unity3D内嵌的疏散模型基于A*的导航网格寻路算法,通过对人物模型参数的合理取值,嵌入人物运动、销毁等脚本语言,能很好地模拟疏散过程,获得近似商业疏散软件的仿真效果。Unity3D还能借助渲染脚本,调入火灾模拟软件FDS的烟气仿真结果,配合虚拟现实技术的头戴式显示产品,实现对逃生场景的沉浸式体验。
To explore the feasibility of using Unity3 D as a virtual reality tool in evacuation simulation, taking the office building of a university as an example, combining with the simulation results of two commercial software, MassMotion and Patfinder, a comparative analysis of evacuation simulation results of Unity3 D was carried out. The results showed that, Unity3 D embedded evacuation model based on A* navigation grid routing algorithm can simulate the evacuation process well by reasonable value of person model parameters, and by embedded scripting languages such as character movement, destruction, etc. It's simulation effect is similar to the commercial software. In addition, Unity3 D can also use rendering scripts, import the smoke simulation results of FDS, implementing immersive experience of escape scene combining with headwear display products with virtual reality technology.
To explore the feasibility of using Unity3 D as a virtual reality tool in evacuation simulation, taking the office building of a university as an example, combining with the simulation results of two commercial software, MassMotion and Patfinder, a comparative analysis of evacuation simulation results of Unity3 D was carried out. The results showed that, Unity3 D embedded evacuation model based on A* navigation grid routing algorithm can simulate the evacuation process well by reasonable value of person model parameters, and by embedded scripting languages such as character movement, destruction, etc. It's simulation effect is similar to the commercial software. In addition, Unity3 D can also use rendering scripts, import the smoke simulation results of FDS, implementing immersive experience of escape scene combining with headwear display products with virtual reality technology.
引文
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[2] HENDERSON L F. On the fluid mechanics of human crowd motion[J]. Transportation Research,1974,8(6):509-515.
[3] HELBING D,MOLNAR P. Social force model for pedestrian dynamics[J]. Physical Review E,1995,51(5):4282-4286.
[4]陈驰,任爱珠,张新.基于虚拟现实的建筑火灾模拟系统[J].自然灾害学报,2007,16(1):55-60.
[5] HELBING D,FARKAS I,VICSEK T. Simulating dynamical features of escape panic[J]. Nature,2000,407(6803):487-490.
[6]冯健峰,杨杉. Unity3D设计制作移动端的VR虚拟演播室[J].影视制作,2016,22(11):46-51.
[7]王洪源,陈慕羿,华宇宁,等. Unity3D人工智能编程精粹[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014.
[8]陈立林,罗恩民,刘冠华,等.典型地铁车站火灾行人疏散模拟与评估[J].安全与环境工程,2015,22(4):123-128.
[9] Thunder Engineering. Pathfinder User's Manual[M]. USA:Thunder Engineering,2018.
[10]武雅杰,杨晶东.基于A*算法的机器人路径规划[J].电子科技,2017,30(6):124-127.
[11] KULIGOWSKI D E,PEACOCK D R,HOSKINS L B. A review of building evacuation models,in national institute of standards and technology[R]. Washington:National Institute of Standards and Technology,2010.